• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9445-9451
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• 2014

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Approximately half of the affected patients are diagnosed with high-risk poor prognosis disease, and novel therapies are needed. Sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid which has anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is whether sanguinarine has in vitro apoptotic effects and which apoptotic genes might be affected in the human neuroblastoma cell lines SH-SY5Y (N-myc negative), Kelly (N-myc positive, ALK positive), and SK-N-BE(2). Cell viability was analysed with WST-1 and apoptotic cell death rates were determined using TUNEL. After RNA isolation and cDNA conversion, expression of 84 custom array genes of apoptosis was determined. Sanguinarine caused cell death in a dose dependent manner in all neuroblastoma cell lines except SK-N-BE(2) with rates of 18% in SH-SY5Y and 21% in Kelly human neuroblastoma cells. Cisplatin caused similar apoptotic cell death rates of 16% in SH-SY5Y and 23% in Kelly cells and sanguinarine-cisplatin combinations caused the same rates (18% and 20%). Sanguinarine treatment did not affect apoptototic gene expression but decreased levels of anti-apoptotic genes NOL3 and BCL2L2 in SH-SY5Y cells. Caspase and TNF related gene expression was affected by the sanguinarine-cisplatin combination in SH-SY5Y cells. The expression of regulation of apoptotic genes were increased with sanguinarine treatment in Kelly cells. From these results, we conclude that sanguinarine is a candidate agent against neuroblastoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3587-3592
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• 2014

Burden of cancer is progressively increasing in developing countries like India which has also led to a steep rise in toxicity due to anti-cancer therapy. A cross-sectional analysis was here conducted for patients with different malignancies (except leukaemia) who while undergoing radical anti-cancer therapy were admitted to our oncology ward from January-July 2013. In a total of 280 patients, the total number of toxicity events was 473. Nine patients expired over this time period. Among the events, grade 2 anaemia the most common (n=189) while the most common grades of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were grade 4 (n=114) and grade 2 (n=48), respectively. Among the tracable microbial etiologies, gram negative bacteria were the most commonly found pathogens. Treatment interruptions took place in 240 patients (median duration=8.8 days). Prolonged hospital admission, intensive care and artificial ventilation support was needed to be given in 48, 7 and 13 patients respectively. Advanced NSCLC, KPS <70, pancytopenia and artificial ventilation requirement were found to have a significant impact on death. Such studies show the prevailing practice from institutes of our country and may guide us formulating a guideline for managing such toxicities for this part of the world.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.702-706
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• 2008

석류는 항당뇨, 항암, 항산화, 항미생물 및 항염증 효과와 같은 다양한 생리적 특성을 가지고 있다. 석류의 씨, 껍질 및 즙의 메탄올 추출물의 항알레르기 활성을 조사하기 위해, 인간 호염구인 KU812F 세포에 있어, A23187로 유도된 탈과립에 있어 저해효과를 검토하였다. 세포를 각각의 추출물로 처리하여, A23187로 자극한 후, 세포 내 칼슘농도, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase 및 히스타민 함량을 조사하였다. 각각의 석류 추출물은 A23187에 의해 유도된 세포 내 칼슘 농도, 히스타민 및 ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase 유리를 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 석류 추출물은 알레르기 반응에 있어 칼슘 유입의 억제를 통한 탈과립의 강력한 저해제로서의 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.8-8
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• 2018

Muscle atrophy, known as a sarcopenia, is defined as a loss of muscle mass resulting from a reduction in muscle fiber area or density due to a decrease in muscle protein synthesis and an increase in protein breakdown. Many conditions are associated with muscle atrophy, such as aging, denervation, disuse, starvation, severe injury and inflammation, prolonged bed rest, glucocorticoid treatment, sepsis, cancer, and other cachectic diseases. On the other hand, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease and is wide spread in the elderly population and is characterized by erosion of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. The cytokine network plays an important role in the development and progression of OA with the inflammatory cytokine. Schisandrae Fructus (SF) derived from the ripe fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Magnoliaceae) has been extensively used in traditional herbal medicines in Asia. It was originally used as a tonic and has been traditionally used for the treatment of many uncomfortable symptoms, such as cough, dyspnea, dysentery, insomnia, and amnesia for a long time. Previous reports have shown that SF and its related compounds possess various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-microbial, antiseptic, anti-aging, hepatoprotective and immunostimulating effects. However, the therapeutic effects of SF on muscle atrophy and OA has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether extracts of SF, the dried fruit of S. chinensis, mitigates the development of muscle atrophy and OA.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

Demand for a new anti-malarial drug has been dramatically increasing in the recent years. Plasmodium falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (PfENR) plays a vital role in fatty acid elongation process, which now emerged as a new important target for the development of anti-microbial and anti-parasitic molecules. In the present study, 19 compounds namely alginic acid, atropine, chlorogenic acid, chrotacumine A & B, coenzyme $Q_1$, 4-coumaric acid, curcumin, ellagic acid, embelin, 5-O-methyl embelin, eugenyl glucoside, glabridin, hyoscyamine, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, rohitukine, scopolamine, tlatlancuayin and ursolic acid were evaluated on their docking behaviour on P. falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (PfENR) using Auto dock 4.2. The docking studies and binding free energy calculations exhibited that glabridin gave the highest binding energy (-8.07 kcal/mol) and 4-coumaric acid in contrast showed the least binding energy (-4.83 kcal/mol). All ligands except alginic acid, ellagic acid, hyoscyamine and glabridin interacted with Gln409 amino acid residue. Interestingly four ligands namely coenzyme $Q_1$, 4-coumaric acid, embelin and 5-O-methyl embelin interacted with Gln409 amino acid residue present in both chains (A & B) of PfENR protein. Thus, the results of this present study exhibited the potential of these 19 ligands as P. falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (PfENR) inhibitory agents and also as anti-malarial agents.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2006

Background: Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells in the immune system and can induce T cell response against virus infections, microbial pathogens, and tumors. Therefore, immunization using DC loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) is a powerful method of inducing anti-tumor immunity. For induction of effective anti-tumor immunity, antigens should be efficiently introduced into DC and presented on MHC class I molecules at high levels to activate antigen-specific $CD8^+$ T cells. We have been exploring methods for loading exogenous antigens into APC with high efficiency of Ag presentation. In this study, we tested the effect of the cationic liposome (Lipofectin) for transferring and loading exogenous model antigen (OVA protein) into BM-DC. Methods: Bone marrow-derived DC (EM-DC) were incubated with OVA-Lipofectin complexes and then co-cultured with B3Z cells. B3Z activation, which is expressed as the amount of ${\beta}$-galactosidase induced by TCR stimulation, was determined by an enzymatic assay using ${\beta}$-gal assay system. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with OVA-pulsed DC to monitor the in vivo vaccination effect. After vaccination, mice were inoculated with EG7-OVA tumor cells. Results: BM-DC pulsed with OVA-Lipofectin complexes showed more efficient presentation of OVA-peptide on MHC class I molecules than soluble OVA-pulsed DC. OVA-Lipofectin complexes-pulsed DC pretreated with an inhibitor of MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation, brefeldin A, showed reduced ability in presenting OVA peptide on their surface MHC class I molecules. Finally, immunization of OVA-Lipofectin complexes-pulsed DC protected mice against subsequent tumor challenge. Conclusion: Our data provide evidence that antigen-loading into DC using Lipofectin can promote MHC class I- restricted antigen presentation. Therefore, antigen-loading into DC using Lipofectin can be one of several useful tools for achieving efficient induction of antigen-specific immunity in DC-based immunotherapy.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.509-513
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• 2021

커큐민은 산화방지능, 항염증, 항우울, 항균, 항종양 등의 다양하고 유익한 생리학적 활성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 커큐민은 면역조절, 대사조절, 신경보호 효과도 가지고 있다. 지난 10년 동안 13,000편 이상의 연구 논문에서 커큐민의 건강상 이점에 대한 연구가 발표되었음에도 불구하고, 아직까지 전 세계 어느 나라에서도 커큐민을 의약품으로 시장에 출시하지 못하고 있다. 긍정적인 결과가 많음에도, 건강상의 이점을 내세우는 대부분의 연구는 커큐민의 다양한 화학적 거동을 고려하지 않은 시험관실험 및 동물실험에 기반으로 하고 있다. 커큐민은 PAINS이자 IMPs 중의 하나로 알려져 있다. 따라서 엄격한 연구 설계에도 불구하고, 인체적용시험 및 임상시험은 특별한 이점을 입증할 수 없었다. 이 논문에서는 커큐민의 다면적 특성을 검토하여 커큐민의 부정적 특성이 이로운 효과와 균형을 이룰 수 있도록 하고 건강상의 이점을 더 잘 이해할 수 있는 잠재적 연구 방법을 제안하고 있다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2021

조록나무는 제주도 및 일본 혼슈 이남, 중국 동남부, 타이완 등에 분포하는 조록나무과의 상록 교목으로, 항산화 및 tyrosinase, elastase의 억제에 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있지만 NO에 대한 억제 효능은 미미한 것으로 보고되었다. 이에 본 연구는 조록나무 잎 추출물(DL)에 biorenovation 생물 전환 기법을 적용하여 항 염증 활성을 증진 시키고자 수행되었다. 이들의 활성은 LPS로 자극된 RAW264.7 염증 모델에서 평가 되었으며 NO, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) 및 전 염증성 사이토카인에 대한 억제 실험이 수행되었다. 그 결과, biorenovation을 적용한 조록나무 잎 추출물(DLB)는 독성이 없는 농도에서 DL대비 향상된 NO와 prostaglandin E2 억제효능을 나타내었으며, 이들의 합성 효소인 iNOS 및 COX-2의 발현에도 유의한 억제 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 대표적인 전 염증성 사이토 카인인 tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin 6, Interleukin-1β 에서도 향상된 억제 효능을 확인 하였다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 우리는 biorenovation을 통해 DL의 항염증 효능이 개선될 수 있으며, DLB가 효과적인 천연 항염증 소재로 적용될 수 있음을 제시한다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2023

Background: Some studies confirm the reduction of the number of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and dental plaque by Lactobacillus, however, these effects are not always confirmed in in vitro and clinical studies, and only the risk of dental caries has been reported. Our in vitro study aimed to reveal microbial and biochemical changes in the single cultures of S. mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Aggregatibactor actinomycetemcomitans and co-cultures of S. mutans and L. casei or A. actinomycetemcomitans according to sucrose concentration. We also aimed to confirm the anti-oral bacterial and anti-biofilm activities of L. casei and A. actinomycetemcomitans against S. mutans according to sucrose concentration. Methods: S. mutans (KCCM 40105), L. casei (KCCM 12452), and A. actinomycetemcomitans (KCTC 2581) diluted to 5×10⁶ CFU/ml were single cultured, and L. casei or A. actinomycetemcomitans applied at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% to S. mutans were co-cultured with selective medium containing 0%, 1% and 5% sucrose at 36.5℃ for 24 hours. Measurements of bacterial growth value and acid production, disk diffusion and biofilm formation assays were performed. Results: In the medium containing sucrose, the bacterial growth and biofilm formation by S. mutans, L. casei, and A. actinomycetemcomitans were increased. In contrast, 30% and 40% of L. casei in the medium containing 0% sucrose showed both anti-oral bacterial and anti-biofilm activities. This implies that L. casei can be used as probiotic therapy to reduce S. mutans in a 0% sucrose environment. Conclusion: The concentration of sucrose in the oral environment is important for the control of pathogenic bacteria that cause dental caries and periodontitis. To apply probiotic therapy using L. casei for S. mutans reduction, the concentration of sucrose must be considered.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.592-601
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• 2015

복분자 와인의 제조를 위하여 복분자 과실 및 엑기스로부터 야생효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae BA29를 분리 및 동정하였으며, 생화학적 특성 및 biogenic amine 생성 여부, 배양학적 특성 및 알코올 발효능과 알코올, 당, 아황산 저항성을 조사하였다. 또한 S. cerevisiae BA29의 산업적 공정 적용을 위한 균체량 증가를 위하여 통계학적 방법인 반응표면분석법을 사용하여 배양 배지 조성의 최적화를 수행하였다. 실험계획법은 중심합성계획을 사용하여 모델을 설정하였고, 산업적 공정 적용 시 비용 대비 효율성이 높은 molasses를 대체 탄소원으로 사용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과 최대 균체 성장을 위한 배지 조성으로는 molasses 200 g/L, peptone 30 g/L, yeast extract 40 g/L로 예측되었으며, 이때의 최대 균체량은 20.6565 g/L로 예측되었다. 모델의 검증실험 결과 기본 배양 배지와 비교하였을 때 6.39 g/L에서 $20.9167{\pm}0.7925g/L$로 약 3.27배 증가하였다. 최종적으로 S. cerevisiae BA29를 사용하여 복분자 와인을 제조한 결과 20.33%의 알코올 생성능을 나타냈다. 이로써 복분자 과실로부터 분리한 효모 S. cerevisiae BA29를 이용한 우수한 복분자 와인 제조의 가능성을 확인하였다.