• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.260-265
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• 2016

We observed the changes in aggressiveness and fecundity of the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum acutatum on hot pepper, under the ambient and the twice-ambient treatments. Artificial infection was repeated over 100 cycles for ambient ($25^{\circ}C/400ppm$ $CO_2$) and twice-ambient ($30^{\circ}C/700ppm$ $CO_2$) growth chamber conditions, over 3 years. During repeated infection cycles (ICs) on green-pepper fruits, the aggressiveness (incidence [% of diseased fruits among 20 inoculated fruits] and severity [lesion length in mm] of infection) and fecundity (the average number of spores per five lesions) of the pathogen were measured in each cycle and compared between the ambient and twice-ambient treatments, and also between the early (ICs 31-50) and late (ICs 81-100) generations. In summary, the pathogen's aggressiveness and fecundity were significantly lower in the late generation. It is likely that aggressiveness and fecundity of C. acutatum may be reduced as global $CO_2$ and temperatures increase.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.228-233
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to investigate the primary inoculum of strawberry anthracnose in nursery field. The pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was not detected in soil and weeds of nursery field but symptom of anthracnose was developed in mother plants collected from market after incubation in humid chamber, The symptom of anthracnose was expressed in the strawberry plant that reserved for 17 days in field after inoculation by spore suspension but was not observed there after. When inoculated leaves were observed by SEM, only appressoria were observed 7 days after inoculation. So, it is guessed that dissemination of Colletotrichum sp. into nursery held will be by contamination of mother plants, and diagnosis by naked eyes may be impossible because symptom will be not developed if environment is to be adequate to penetration and in case of imperfect penetration after germination, the pathogen remains appressorium to achieve penetration.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.543-544
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• 1998

An anthracnose on potato leaves was observed in Kangwon alpine and Kangnung areas in Korea. A fungal pathogen was repeatedly isolated from the leaf lesions and stems of the infected plants and identified as Colletotrichum coccodes. The fungus showed pathogenicity on the leaves of potato inoculated. This is the first report that anthracnose of potato caused by Colletotrichum coccodes was occurred in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.70.1-70
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• 2003

It was investigated whether culture filtrates produced by X. fastiduosa could be used to determine varietal susceptibility in grape cultivars to anthracnose as a substitute for pathogen inoculation or field screening. Bioassay of grape leaves with culture filtrates showed that their phytotoxicities were active and host-selective. Ethyl acetate extracts from those also showed the toxicities and host selectivity among grape cultivars. The sensitive range of plants to culture filtrates and their ethyl acetate extracts was consistent with the host range to the pathogen. Susceptible cultivars were sensitive to even highly diluted culture filtrates but resistant cultivars were not affected even at original culture filtrates. Susceptible cultivars were sensitive to the undiluted culture filtrates than highly diluted culture filtrates and the younger leaves were the more sensitive to the culture filtrates and their ethyl acetate extracts in grapes.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.358-360
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• 1998

An anthracnose of Rumex crispus was endemic in wet area around a fruit garden of Taejon in Korea. A fungal pathogen was repeatedly isolated from the leaf spot lesions of the weed plant and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The plant was controlled completely by fungal inoculation with 5$\times$105 conidia/ml. The fungus has potential to be developed as a mycoherbicide for weed control.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2018

Rapid and accurate detection methods for Colletotrichum coccodes, an anthracnose pathogen of pepper and tomato, were developed using PCR. A specific primer set, coccoTef-F/coccoTef-R, which was constructed by analyzing tef-$1{\alpha}$ genes from 13 species and 22 strains of Colletotrichum, could specifically detect C. coccodes at a level of 10 ng by conventional PCR method and at 10 pg by real-time PCR. The PCR-based methods were also capable of detecting C. coccodes in pepper and tomato seeds artificially infected with the pathogen. The developed PCR methods can be applied for rapid and accurate inspection of C. coccodes in the seeds intended for export or import.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.247-251
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• 2004

We developed a polyclonal antibody (PAh) based- ELISA system to accurately and rapidly monitor inocula on plant surface before onset of anthracnose. Titer of mouse antisera against conidia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was determined by using indirect ELISA. It was high enough to be detectable up to ${\times}$ 12,800 dilutions. Absorbance readings exceeded (1.5even at a 10$^{-5}$ dilution. Sensitivity of PAb was precise enough to detect spore concentration as low as 50 conidia/well by indirect ELISA. PAb1 and PAb2 proved to be very sensitive and highly specific to the target pathogen, C. gloeosporioides, apparently discriminating other unrelated pathogens, or epiphytes. Absorbance values for original isolate exceeded 1.0, but no reaction was detected with other isolates, except three other anthracnose fungi: C. gloeosporioides (pepper strain), Glomerella cingulata (apple strain) and C. lagenarium. Our data suggest that PAb1 and PAb2 bind with the protein epitope that partially contains residues of amino acid, arginine, and Iysine. This kit fulfills the require-ments for detecting inoculums before infection and during onset of anthracnose on sweet persimmon.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 2017

The anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species is well-known as a major plant pathogen that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper and reduces its marketability. Thirty-five isolates representing species of Colletotrichum were obtained from chili fruits showing anthracnose disease symptoms in Chungcheongnam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. These 35 isolates were characterized according to morphological characteristics and nucleotide sequence data of internal transcribed spacer, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase, and ${\beta}$-tubulin. The combined dataset shows that all of these 35 isolates were identified as C. scovillei and morphological characteristics were directly correlated with the nucleotide sequence data. Notably, these isolates were recorded for the first time as the causes of anthracnose caused by C. scovillei on pepper in Korea. Forty cultivars were used to investigate the pathogenicity and to identify the possible source of resistance. The result reveals that all of chili cultivars used in this study are susceptible to C. scovillei.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2004

We developed a polyclonal antibody based-ELISA system to monitor inocula accurately and rapidly before onset of anthracnose on soybean sprouts. Titer of mouse antisera against conidia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, determined by indirect ELISA, was high enough to be detectable up to ${\times}$25,600 dilutions. Both PAb1 and PAb2 had the highest level of reactivity to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Absorbance readings exceeded 0.15. Sensitivity of PAb to C. gloeosporioides was precise enough to detect spore concentration as low as 500 conidia/well by indirect ELISA. Both antibodies are very sensitive and highly specific to the target pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, apparently discriminating other unrelated pathogen, or epiphytes. This kit fulfills the requirements far detecting inocula before infection and onset of anthracnose. Our ELISA system should also be feasible to detect C. acutatum (Mungbean sprouts rot) and G. cingulata (C. gleosporioides), (apple, pepper). It was remarkable that absorbance value was not reduced even after 4 consecutive washings (Fig.4), suggesting that antigenic determinants are on the surface of conidia. Antigenic determinant was characterized by heating and enzyme treatment: Both PAb1 and PAb2 bind to protein epitope that does not contain residue of amino acid, arginine, and Iysine, even though more work needs to be done.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.77-81
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• 2009

This study was conducted to identify the Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose disease of strawberry in Balgladesh and to evaluate in vitro activity of commercial fungicides it. Based on morphological and cultural characteristics, all 22 isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. They developed white or glittery colonies with grey to dark grey reverse colony colors and they produced cylindrical conidia. The efficacy of five commercial fungicides, Bavistin DF, Dithane M-45, Sulcox 50 WP, Corzim 50 WP and Rovral 50 WP, were tested against the fungus. Bavistin inhibited radial growth completely and was followed in efficacy by Dithane M-45. In Bavistin DF treated media, the fungus did not produce conidia. The percent inhibition of radial growth of the fungus was increased with the increasing concentrations of fungicide.