• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2010

Primary anterior mediastinal neoplasms comprise a diverse group of tumors and account for 50% of all mediastinal masses. Thymic epithelial neoplasm are most common and classified into thymoma, invasive thymoma, and thymic carcinoma. Neuroendocrine differentiation of thymic epithelial neoplasm are rare malignancies. Germ cell tumor (GCT) is second most common anterior mediastinal tumor and most of them are mature cystic teratoma. Malignant mediastinal GCT are rare than benign. Primary thoracic lymphoma is rare than thoracic involvement of systemic lymphoma and most common location of primary thoracic lymphoma is anterior mediastinum. The clinical and radiologic appearance of the most common masses are reviewed.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.1194-1197
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• 1997

Radiological criteria such as smooth, sharply defined interface, obtuse angles between lesion and lung and intimate effect on mediastinal contents were usually used to differentiate mediastinal lesion from parenchymal lung lesion. Recently, we experienced a 60-year-old female presenting with anterior mediastinal mass with cavitation. Grossly it was proven to be peripheral lung cancer adjacent to mediastinum and microscopically it was squamous cell carcinoma. The gross pathological findings of surgical specimen were very well correlated with radiological findings. The unique location such as lung periphery and attachment to mediastinum led us to misdiagnosis of anterior mediastinal mass such as germ-cell tumor and neurogenic tumor.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.624-629
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• 1987

Tuberculosis is one of the most common chronic disease. While the disease process may involve anywhere of the body, tuberculosis of anterior mediastinum which forming tumor like mass was not recognized commonly. We experienced a surgical case of tuberculous empyema thoracis at anterior mediastinum in 16 year old boy. Preoperatively, he was diagnosed to anterior mediastinal tumor such as teratoma or dermoid cyst by routine study. Operation was performed by midline sternotomy extending over right 4th intercostal space. The mass was elongated football shaped [20x16x15] and markedly adhered to right side of pericardium, upper 8< lower lobe of the right lung. Opening the mass, enormous pus-like material was evacuated and excised segmentally with decortication. Postoperative pathologic diagnosis was tuberculous empyema thoracis and granuloma.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.161-165
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• 2009

We report a case of cavernous hemangioma of the anterior mediastinum that was incidentally detected by chest radiography taken at a routine health check-up. A mass lesion was seen in the anterior mediastinum on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Direct surgical removal was performed for diagnosis and treatment through right thoracotomy. Histopathology confirmed the mass as a cavernous haemangioma. Post-operative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.689-694
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• 1994

A retrospective analysis was performed on 36 patients with primary cysts and tumors of the mediastinum seen at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Maryknoll Hospital from January 1983 to December 1993. There were 21 female and 15 male patients in the study. Ages ranges from 2 years to 72 years, with a mean of 34.7. There were 9 malignant tumors and 27 benign tumors.Thymic neoplasms were the most common. For the whole series, 29 of the patients had tumors in the anterior mediastinum. There appears to be an in6rease in tumors in the anterior compartment. There were 30 symptomatic patients in our series. Of the patients with malignant disease, 89 % were symptomatic. All of benign tumors were completely removed and malignant tumors were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy after operation. There were 9[27.3 %] postoperative complications. There was no postoperative mortality. Follow-up was available on 27 patients. There was no recurrence, malignant degeneration, or growth of any tumor. It is hoped that careful evaluation and aggressive treatment of mediastinal tumors will continue to provide improvement in the prognosis for these patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1366-1372
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• 2022

Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in elderly patients. It often occurs in the extremities, trunk, and retroperitoneum. However, it is rarely observed in the mediastinum, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we present the imaging findings, with an emphasis on the MRI results, of a surgically confirmed anterior mediastinal myxofibrosarcoma in a 66-year-old male.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1270-1274
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• 1990

In mediastinum, teratoma frequently occur in anterior mediastinal compartment. Rarely discovered in pericardium, posterior mediastinum and lung parenchyme. The incidence of posterior mediastinal teratoma was 3%~8%. A young male patient was treated with posterior mediastinal teratoma. So we describe the rare disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.644-648
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• 1995

Intrapulmonary teratoma is rare : only 30 cases have been reported in the world literature. We had experienced a case of benign intrapulmonary teratoma originated from anterior mediastinum associated with broncho-tumorous fistula, which was treated with En bloc removal of tumor and right middle lobectomy. Post-operative course was not eventful.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.67 no.5
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• pp.462-466
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• 2009

Malignant rhabdoid tumors arise primarily from the kidney. Extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumors are rare, with the liver, central nervous system, and skin reported as the primary sites. Malignant rhabdoid tumors of the mediastinum are extremely rare among extrarenal malignant rhadoid tumors; only 3 cases have been reported to date, all characterized by aggressive clinical behavior. We experienced a 35-year-old woman diagnosed with malignant rhabdoid tumor in the anterior mediastinum with multiple metastases. The tumor was surgically unresectable, and treated with palliative radiation therapy. Three-month after radiation treatment, she died from dissemination of the malignant rabdoid tumor.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.62-78
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• 2023

As the majority of incidentally detected lesions in the anterior mediastinum is small nodules with soft tissue appearance, the differential diagnosis has typically included thymic neoplasm and prevascular lymph node, with benign cyst. Overestimation or misinterpretation of these lesions can lead to unnecessary surgery for ultimately benign conditions. Diagnosing mediastinal cysts using MRI serves as a problem-solving modality in distinguishing between surgical and nonsurgical anterior mediastinal lesions. The pitfalls of MRI evaluation for anterior mediastinal cystic lesions are as follows: first, we acknowledge the limitation of T2-weighted images for evaluating benign cystic lesions. Due to variable contents within benign cystic lesions, such as hemorrhage, T2 signal intensity may be variable. Second, owing to extensive necrosis and cystic changes, the T2 shine-through effect may be seen on diffusion-weighted images (DWI), and small solid portions might be missed on enhanced images. Therefore, both enhancement and DWI with apparent diffusion coefficient values should be considered. An algorithm will be suggested for the diagnostic evaluation of anterior mediastinal cystic lesions, and finally, a management strategy based on MRI features will be suggested.