• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of prenatal breast self-massage education on first-time mothers' breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding adaptation, and breastfeeding practice. Method: The experimental group (n=26) received prenatal breast self-massage education focused on self mamma care (SMC) at 34-36 weeks gestation and 2 weeks later face-to-face. The control group (n=25) was recruited immediately following birth and received usual care. Breastfeeding self-efficacy was measured 4 hours after childbirth and 3 days later, and breastfeeding practice, breastfeeding adaptation, and breastfeeding-related characteristics were measured 2 weeks and 4 weeks after childbirth through online survey. The data were analyzed by $x^2$ test and t-test using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: There was no significant difference in breastfeeding self-efficacy of the experimental group at 4 hours after childbirth (t=0.83, p=.410) whereas it was statistically significantly higher at 3 days postpartum (t=2.86, p=.006). There were no significant differences in breastfeeding adaptation between the two groups at both 2 weeks (t=1.76, p=.084) and 4 weeks postpartum (t=0.87, p=.388). For breastfeeding practice a statistically significant difference was found at 4 weeks for the experimental group ($x^2=4.77$, p=.036). Conclusion: This antenatal SMC intervention was found to be a feasible intervention for use in clinical practice.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.186-196
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• 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer is becoming increasingly prevalent among young Korean women. During pregnancy, women's concern regarding their breasts heightens. Thus, pregnancy provides a window of opportunity for breast cancer prevention and management along with antenatal care. This study developed and evaluated an integrated breast health program for pregnant women. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design (22 experimental, 29 control). Women pregnant for over 28 weeks participated. The two-session integrated breast health program focused on breast management during breastfeeding and education about breast cancer prevention and early screening. Results: During the early postpartum period (within three months after the program), there were statistically significant differences in knowledge and attitude about breast cancer and breast self-examination before and after the program. There were also statistically significant differences in BSE at 6 and 12 months after the program and mammography at 12 months after the program. However, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical breast examination and breast ultrasonography at 6 and 12 months after the program. Conclusion: The integrated breast health management program was effective in increasing knowledge and improving attitudes regarding breast cancer, BSE, and early screening practices among pregnant women. Further studies should consider providing breast health programs differently for each phase of pregnancy and continuing the same after delivery.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.174-199
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• 1995

This study examined the antenatal care known as Taekyo. The sample consisted of 795 women and 564 men who had be seen in the antenatal care unit, delivery room, or postpartal care unit of general hospitals in Korea between March 20 and April 22, 1995. Data were collected using the "Taekyo questionnaire for childbearing women" and "Taekyo questionnaire for husbands of childbearing women" developed by researchers. Data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using the SPSS PC+ program, and descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient were applied. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Encouragement to practice Taekyo was at a relatively high level. Items on Taekyo encouraging behaviors had a mean score of 3.51(33 items 5 point scale). According to the five categories of Taekyo encouraging behaviors, subjects indicated they practice "food intake(mean score 4.02)". "praying(mean score 3.78)", "cumulative virtuous deeds (mean score 3.58)". "mind and body management(mean score 3.47)", "maternal fetal interaction(mean score 3.15)". 2. The childbearing women's practices related to forbidden behaviors by Taekyo were relatively high. Item on forbidden behaviors by Taekyo had a mean score 3.71(43 items 5 point scale). According to the five categories of forbidden behaviors by Taekyo, subjects indicated they practiced "voluntary abstention of drugs(mean score 4.78)," avoiding behaviors(mean score 4.78)," avoiding behaviors(mean score 3.77), "good behaviors(mean score 3.71)", "taboo on fetal death tendency (mean score 3.53)", "taboo on certain intake(mean score 3.47)". 3. The practice score of husbands for childbearing women which related to Taekyo behaviors were relatively high. Item on Taekyo behaviors had a mean score 3.59(33 items 5 point scale). According to the six categories of Taekyo behavior, subjects indicated they practiced "mind and body management(mean score 3.94)", "praying(mean score 3.80)", "support of women’s practice related to Taekyo(mean score 3.66)", "good behaviors(mean score 3.58)", "continency(mean score 3.33)", "paternal fetal interaction (mean score 3.19)". 4. On the childbearing women's perception of Taekyo, most of the subjects(88%) had confidence in the positive effects of Taekyo on Child development. The result showed that the childbearing couples practiced Taekyo behavior relatively often and sincerely and most of the childbearing women had a positive perception of Taekyo's effect on prenatal child development.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2880-2888
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• 2013

본 연구는 듀라터치 분만교육이 분만자신감, 분만지식, 부부관계 만족도에 미치는 효과를 규명하고자 시도되었다. 대상자는 경기도 Y시에 소재한 보건소에서 2012년 10월부터 11월까지 주 1회 4번 듀라터치 분만교육을 받은 임산부 27명과 경기도 W시에 위치한 D병원에서 2012년 10월부터 2012년 11월 산전 진찰을 받은 대조군 28명을 대상으로 연구했는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 듀라터치 교육을 받은 실험군이 대조군보다 분만자신감(t=-2.81, p=.007)과 분만지식정도(t=3.50, p=.001)에서 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았으나 듀라터치 교육을 받은 실험군과 대조군 간에는 부부관계 만족도는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다(t=0.23, p=.818). 분만자신감과 부부관계 만족도에서 통계적으로 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다(r=314, p=.005).

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine whether maternal attitude toward sex during pregnancy and health-related quality of life could influence sexual function of pregnant women. Methods: In this study, 138 second and third trimester pregnant women completed self-report questionnaires during their visits to women's hospitals or community health centers to assess their general characteristics, attitude toward sex during pregnancy (PIES-M), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), and sexual function (FSFI-6K). Multiple regression analysis was performed to test the research model with SPSS version 23. Results: Pregnant women who had discontinued their sexual life after recognizing their pregnancy accounted for 27.5% of women questioned. The average sexual function score of pregnant women was higher in the second trimester than the third trimester. Attitude toward sex during pregnancy (${\beta}=-.38$, p<.001), maintaining sexual life (${\beta}=.20$, p=.028), health-related quality of life (${\beta}=.18$, p=.030), and adverse symptoms during sex (${\beta}=.18$, p=.042) were determinants of sexual function during pregnancy. Conclusion: Nurses in antenatal care units need to help pregnant women maintain a positive attitude toward sexual activity during pregnancy and manage their health-related quality of life to maintain their sexual life during pregnancy.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2016

Purpose: Gestational weight gain and prepregnancy body weight are important factors of childbirth outcomes, which further cause obesity, metabolic diseases, or psychological problems later in women's lives. Changes in diet, westernized lifestyle, traditional postpartum care, and childbirth at older age are thought to be threats to proper weight management in Korean women of reproductive age. Public health and antenatal care need to focus on the proper body weight management of women by carefully planning pregnancy to postpartum periods. Purpose: This study explored the body weight changes from pregnancy to postpartum and the related characteristics in women within 12 months after childbirth. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted with 102 Korean women within 12 months after childbirth. Data were collected using an online survey system, and a structured questionnaire available for electronic self-administration was modified to include demographics, obstetrical history, and body weight at 6 time points. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Eating Habit Measurement instruments were also used in data collection. A professional survey agency recruited the participants, and data were automatically saved and then analyzed. Results: The average age of the participants was 33.8 years, 48% were housewives and were well-educated. Seventy-two percent of the participants were primiparas and 82% had breastfed their babies. The body mass index (BMI) ranged from 17.3 to 27.8, indicating that 21.5% of the participants were overweight or obese. The mean gestational weight gain was 11.8 kg, and weight loss was apparent during the first 3 months postpartum. The mean decline in weight was 3.4 kg at one year after childbirth. Women wanted to lose 5.6 kg (range: 3~20 kg), however 44% of them reported that they had not engaged in any weight control efforts. Further, 72% of them reported having engaged in a low level of physical activity. Body weight was not associated with women's characteristics, physical activity score, and diet. Conclusion: Women's awareness of gestational weight gain, lifestyle modification, and the risk of prolonged weight retention should be promoted through the antenatal and women's healthcare systems. As pregnancy and childbirth are critical events that affect women's health, integrative education to ensure healthy transition to life after delivery is required.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.125-152
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• 2013

본 연구는 근거이론 방법을 적용하여 임신부들이 경험하는 정보추구의 독특함을 총체적으로 반영한 정보추구의 실체이론을 개발하였다. 이론적 표집에 의하여 산전진료에 참여하고 있는 16명의 임신부를 대상으로 심층적인 면담을 수행하였다. 자료 분석은 근거이론 절차에 따라 자료수집과 자료 분석을 동시에 수행하였고, 지속적인 비교분석을 하였다. 임신기의 정보추구의 맥락, 구조, 과정의 분석 결과, 임신부의 정보추구 경험을 통합하는 핵심범주는 '임신에 대한 자아통제감 향상하기'로 도출하였다. 즉, 임신의 과정동안 임신부들의 의도적이고 일상적인 정보추구행위는 합맥락적이고 합리적으로 임신상황에 대처해 나갈 수 있는 능력을 향상해 나가는 과정이라는 것이다. '임신에 대한 자아통제감 향상하기'의 경험 유형은 '필사적 추구형', '적극적 추구형', '무관심 추구형', '체념적 추구형'으로 나타났다. 또한, 본 연구결과의 특징 및 선행 정보추구 모형과의 비교 및 임신부들을 위한 정보서비스 개발을 논하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.510-518
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• 1998

It was assumed that the maternal identity in primi-gravida is one of the most attribute of the motherhood, that is not biological but cognitive phenomena, appears active process as intelligent human being. The purposes of this study were that the identification the cognitive structure and the influencing factors of the maternal identity in primi-gravida. Theoretical framework in this study, maternal identity in primi-gravida was constructed as a cognitive output, has the cognitive structure of cognitive-perceptual factor, cognitive-behavioral factor, and cognitive-emotional factor. Influencing factors of maternal identity was constructed as a cognitive input, which were pregnancy related perceptions (pregnancy intention, minor discomfort, value of motherhood), interpersonal relationship(relationship with mother, relationship with husband, relationship with social network), preparation to motherhood(maternal knowledge, antenatal self care), and biological factor (gestation period). This study was the descriptive correlational research design, was done from the 3rd January to the 15th March 1996, and the research subjects were selected conviniently 226 the primi-gravida during the gestation period, data collection method was self reported questionnaire cross-sectionally. Descriptive data analysis was done by SAS PC$^{+}$, testing the hypothetical model was done by covariance structural analysis using LISREL 8.03 program. The result of the hypothesis testing, the value of motherhood(y=.650, T=4.26) the maternal knowledge (y=.137, T=2.030), the gestation period( y=.113, T=2.621), showed significant causal effect on the maternal identity in primi-gravida. In conclusion, the maternal identity in primi-gravida had interrelated cognitive structure consist of perceptual, behavioral, and emotional factors. Significant causal factors influencing the maternal identity were value identified. It seems to contribute toward the understanding the characteristics of the maternal identity as a cognitive domains that has been regarded highly abstract concept, so has not been validated empirically.y.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.122-135
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• 1998

This study was carried out to understand the nursing needs of postpartum women during the postpartum period. The goal of study was to obtain data needed to develop maternal education programs and to improve the nursing quality for postpartum women. A cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. The subjects were 101 postpartum women who had delivery at 2 general hospitals in Chung-Buk. Korea. Data were collected from Sep. 29 to Nov. 28. 1997 by means of a structured questionnaire. The instrument used for this study was the one which was consisted of revised Maternal Concerns Questionnaire (MCQ) developed by Bull (1979). The data were analyzed through the SPSS/PC+ program by use of frequency, t-test and ANOVA. The results of the study were as follows; 1) The mean score of concerns about 'self' was 2.98 for primipara and 2.80 for multipara but was not statistically significant difference. Among the items of concerns 'for self', 'Being good mothers' was the highest (primipara 3.93. multipara 3.75). 2) The mean score of concerns about 'baby' was 3.64 for primipara and 3.53 for multipara but was not statistically significant difference. Among the items of concerns 'for baby', 'Normal growth and development' was the highest (primipara 3.91. multipara 3.90). 3) The mean score of concerns about 'husband' was 3.33 for primipara and 3.06 for multipara and was statistically significant difference (t=2.11. p=0.03). Among the items of concerns 'for husband', 'Husband being a good father' was the highest (primipara 3.87, multipara 3.77). 4) The mean score of concerns about 'family' was 2.65 for primipara and 2.80 for multipara but was not statistically significant. Among the items of concerns 'for family', 'Change in the family's lifestyle' was the highest(primipara 3.01, multipara 2.93, t=-1.99, p=0.04). 5) The mean score of concerns about 'community' was 2.48 for primipara and 2.42 for multipara but was not statistically significant. Among the items of concerns 'for community'. 'Getting to health care facilities' was the highest (primipara 2.48, multipara 2.42). 6) On considering the relationship between the postpartum women's nursing needs and their general characteristics, 'regularly antenatal care' was statistically significant (t=2.29. p=0.02). In conclusion, recognition of maternal concerns can be used by nurses to identify nursing diagnoses and to develop care plans that reflect the patient's priorities.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-63
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• 1987

Il-primigravidas who visited antenatal clinic and their husbands were taught lamaze childbirth education by the investigator in the third trimester of pregnancy. Lamaze childbirth educational course consisted of six weekly class totaling twelve hours of instruction. A questionnaire was adminstered to subjects for the evaluation of Lamaze educational Program. 21-questions were rated on a Likert-type scale containing five responses and subjects described the advantages, the disadvantage, and the difficulties of lamaze childbirth education course. The results of the study were as follows; 1. The core contents of lamaze childbirth educational Program were Process of labor, anatomy and physiology of the female body, the care of newborn, maternal-infant attachment, breathing patterns to be used at the appropriate stage of labor, techniques for conscious relaxation of muscles during labor and delivery, and exercise to limber and prepare the body for the work of labor and delivery. All couples understood the above core contents very well and there were not significant differences between the understanding scores of wives and those of husbands (p>0.05). 2. 81.8% of couples Practiced breathing pattern to be used at the appropriate stages of labor one or three times a day and 72.7% of couples practiced conscious relaxation of muscles one or three times a day. 3. The contents of Lamaze childbirth educational program were easy for the couples to understand, and the total length, the amounts and the structures of 6-classes were appropriate. 4. Lamaze childbirth educational program was very useful, necessary, interesting, and successful to achieve the couples' objectives. 5. The couples expressed that they had positive attitude and high self-esteem, and reduced their anxiety on the pregnancy and labor.