• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2023

Objectives The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of headaches according to Sasang constitution among 5,764 participants residing in Ansung or Ansan in Korea. Methods The Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire was used to classify the constitution, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect headache data. The presence of headache, locations and patterns between groups were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression adjusted for age, marital status, education, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Results Results showed that 25.6% of participants had headaches, with a significantly higher prevalence in Soeumin (30.8%) compared to Soyangin (24.9%) and Taeeumin (24.3%). Soeumin had significantly higher odds ratios for headaches than Taeeumin in both crude (1.387) and adjusted (1.319) models. Headache sites showed high frequency in the order of occipital (8.1%), temporal (8.0%), forehead (5.4%), and global regions (5.4%), and Soeumin showed significantly higher odds ratios of forehead (crude: 1.616, adjusted: 1.543) and occipital pain (crude: 1.366 adjusted: 1.379) compared to Taeeumin. No significant differences in headache patterns were observed among the groups. Conclusions This study suggests that Soeumin has a higher prevalence of headaches, particularly in forehead and occipital regions, compared to other Sasang constitutions.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2010

Seventy two Hanwoo steers in final fattening period ($585.87{\pm}41.02kg$) were randomly assigned to 3 groups, LPLT (relatively low protein and low energy; CP 12%, TDN 73%), LPHT (relatively low protein and high energy; CP 12%, TDN 75%) and HPHT (relatively high protein and high energy; CP 14%, TDN 75%) in concentrate feed for 163 days in order to investigate the effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and longissimus dorsi muscle's chemical compositions. Rice straw was also fed as a roughage. Because ADGs were higher in LPLT and HPHT than LPHT, feed efficiencies were improved in LPLT and HPHT group (P<0.05). Feeding concentrates with different CP and TDN levels had affected to improve back fat thickness and rib eye area in HPHT group but had no effect on carcass weight and meat yield index. Carcass weight for LPLT, LPHT and HPHT were $420.75{\pm}30.56$, $417.05{\pm}32.03$ and $418.32{\pm}32.03kg$, respectively. Meat quality grade was improved in HPHT (P<0.001), because the marbling score was highest in HPHT group. Auction prices (carcass/kg) of LPLT, LPHT and HPHT group were 17,904 won, 18,094 won and 18,899 won, respectively. The percentage of animals over grade 1 appeared in LPLT, LPHT and HPHT were 79.2, 72.7 and 90.8%, respectively. The results of chemical analysis of longissimus dorsi muscle showed no difference between groups but crude fat composition tended to be higher in HPHT group (P=0.088) than the other groups. Stearic acid contents in the muscle was significantly increased in HPHT group than LPLT group (P<0.05). Myristoleic acid and oleic acid composition in HPHT group was higher than LPLT and LPHT group. These results supported the hypothesis that supplementation of higher levels of crude protein and energy in concentrates to Hanwoo steers' during final fattening period improved the growth performance and the carcass quality grade.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.2 s.61
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• pp.310-322
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• 1998

In order to reinforce the role of primary care physician and o improve doctor-patient relationship, the Korean government tried to introduce 'Family Doctor Registration Program' into Seocho-Gu in Seoul, Ansung-Gun and Paju city in Kyunggi-Do in Oct. 1996. Community residents and doctors in those area did not show much interest in this project because of low incentives. We have done this study to see how much people know 'Family Doctor Registration Program' and what is people's real needs about 'Family Doctor Registration Program'. We selected 1,800 telephone numbers in Seoul, Chongju city, and Ansung-Gun by multi-stage stratified random sampling. Three trained survey personnels called them and got answers to the premade questionnaire until they completed the questionnaires of 200 persons in each community. The calling time was 7-9 p.m. from Monday to Friday, 3-9 p.m. on Saturday, and 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on Sunday. We dropped out the persons who did not respond 3 times. The subjects consisted of 222 male and 367 female residents. Their ages ranged from 20 to 78: 24.8% in their 30s, 23.4% in their 20s, 22.5% in their 40s in male, and 35.2% in theirs, 22.5% in their 40s, 18.5% in their 20s in female. 9.9% of male and 13.2 % of female had their Family Doctors. The specialties of their Family Doctors were internists in 56.2%, general surgeons in 11.0%. The persons who did not have their family doctors were asked which doctors they would prefer if they had choices of family doctor. The results were internists in 50.3%, family physicians in 13.0%, pediatricians in 4.8%. Only 16.0% residents knew that government tried to introduce Family Doctor Registration Program. The 'Family Doctor Registration Program' was not well known to people. The results of our study showed that more effective incentives and public notifications are needed to activate this program.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.176-192
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• 2006

The need for a systematic drought management has increased since last countrywide drought in 2001. Naturally various studies for establishing drought plan and preventing drought disaster have been conducted. MODIS image provided by Terra satellite has effective spatial and temporal resolutions to observe spatial and temporal characteristics of a region. MODIS data products are easy for preprocessing and correcting geometrically and provide various data set in regular which are applicable for drought monitoring. In this study, Ansung river and the upstream of South Han river basin was chosen for case study to identify and assess spring drought. The multi-period MODIS image and accumulated precipitation were used to detect not only the drought year but also the vegetation change of normal year and the result were compared with various spatial data. The result shows NDVI and LSWI with is more appropriate than LST for assesing spring drought in Korea and two month cumulative precipitation has moderate relationship with drought. It is necessary to use MODIS image which has same period and same space for effective drought analysis because drought is also affected by landover and altitude.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.725-735
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• 2008

Due to recent climate change, flood damages have been increased, but it is difficult to construct large hydraulic structure for flood control such as dam because of environmental, economical and political problems. For this reason, several researches and studies have tried to use washland as an alternative of hydraulic facility. Because sizes of washlands are usually smaller than those of dams or reservoirs, there can be many available locations for washlands in a basin and proper combination of these locations can reduce flood disasters efficiently. However, in case there are many available locations for washland and many combinations to consider, it is very difficult to determine the optimal combination which yields to provide the maximum benefit. For the more, hydraulic approach that used in previous studies to calculate flood reduction effect needs a lot of time for calculation and sometimes can not give the final result. In this study, the flood reduction effect of washland is calculated by hydrologic approach and decision making model for optimal location of washland using genetic algorithm for determination of optimal solution is developed. The developed model has been applied to the Ansung River basin in order to examine the applicability and the application result shows that developed model can be used as decision making model for washland.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.326-330
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• 2010

Three pome fruit viruses, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASPV) and Apple stem pitting virus (ASGV) were detected in pear trees (Pyrus pyrifolia) using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) in Ansung, Naju and Ulsan provinces of Korea. Infection rate of three viruses was 35.2% from 452 leaf samples of the three cultivars of pear trees. Also, each of three viruses was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for a limited number of samples. Infection rate of three viruses was 86.3% from 233 leaf samples of the three pear cultivars. The virus infection rates by RT-PCR were much higher than ELISA. ASGV was prevailing on pear with 74.2%, whereas ASPV and ACLSV were found in 34.8% and 0.4% of tested samples, respectively. Symptoms caused by ASGV showed black spots of infected Niitaka cultivar leaves. The ACLSV, ASPV and ASGV isolates showed 83~94% sequence identity at a nucleotide level to other pome fruit virus isolates when analyzed by NCBI BLAST. Pome fruit viruses occurring in pear were ACLSV, ASPV and ASGV. This is the first report of pear trees infected ASPV in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2008

Soil environmental conditions can affect nutrient availability during growth stage of tree fruit. We investigated the cause of disorderd fruit by the influence of soil chemical properties in orchard soil, composition of mineral nutrient in leaves and fruit to occur physiological disorderd fruit at four locations (Ulsan, Gyeongju, Pyeongtaek, Ansung) compared to healthy. There were significantly different (P=0.05) in exchangeable Ca, K, Mg and total nitrogen content in orchard soil between physiological disordered fruit and healthy fruit. The exchangeable Ca content in orchard soil caused by physiological disordered fruit was statistically lower than that of healthy fruit. However, exchangeable K, Mg and total nitrogen contents were higher than that healthy (P=0.05). There was a significant difference (P=0.05) in Ca content between physiological disordered fruit and healthy. Ca content in fruit flesh of physiological disorderedfruit was statistically lower than that of healthy. The physiological disordered fruit was a higher ratio of Mg/Ca in fruit flesh and peel compared to healthy fruit and also the ratios of N/Ca and K/Ca in a leaf were higher. The negative correlation between Ca and K, and Ca and Mg was detected in the fruit flesh of physiological disordered fruit. Therefore, we concluded that insufficient Ca content in fruit may cause 'the physiological disorder' pomelo disease and high content of N, exchangeable K and Mg ion in the soil solution might be disturbs exchangeable Ca ion to be absorbed in fruit.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.908-916
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• 2004

Due to the common dietary practice of preparing foods in various ways using the same food item, in addition to rather a large number of food items that average Koreans consume, it is difficult to accurately assess the nutritional adequacy. In an effort to identify a reliable means of assessing the nutritional adequacy of Korean adults, we analyzed the association between the scores of dietary diversity (DDS) and dietary variety (DVS), and the quality of nutrient intake as assessed by Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR). A three day-dietary record was obtained from each of 324 inhabitants, aged 40 to 69 years (mean :t SD,52.4 $\pm$ 8.7), of a rural area (Ansung) and a mid-sized city (Ansan) of Korea. These individuals were randomly selected among the participants of the Korean Health and Genome Study. The number of consumed foods and food groups were assesses by DDS (scored 1 to 5) and DVS (ranked 30 $\leq$,31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, and 60 <) over three-day period, respectively. As DDS/DVS increased, mean daily food intakes tended to increase, and NARIMAR was improved. Thus, DDS and DVS were significantly correlated with the quality of nutrient intake. Over 95% of the subjects scored less than 2 in DDS for the first one-day period, whilst over 62% recorded 4 during the full three-day period (p < .0001). The mean number of consumed food items increased from 24.9 to 44.4 as a function of days of the record period (p < .0001). We also analyzed the association of DDS and DVS with MAR, using regression analysis, controlling age and sex as covariates. For DDS, the adjusted coefficient determination (adj $R^2$) values were 8.7%,15.8%,23.3% of MAR, also increasing as a function of the record duration, whereas they were 27.3%, 33.3%, 37.6% for DVS, respectively, demonstrating that NAR/MAR has a better correlation with DVS than DDS. Our data show that DDS, and DVS in particular, are useful parameters for evaluating nutrient intake in the Korean population. Our data also support that one day-dietary records are by no means adequate for accurately describing a wide variety of food choices offered for average Koreans, and that dietary assessment at least for 3 days or longer should be obtained for a reliable evaluation of dietary quality using DDS or DVS.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.897-899
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• 2012

In this study, spatial analyses of chemical properties were studied to find inter-relation among these properties from 5 year old general paddy field after arable land rearrangement and remodeled paddy field near 4 river project. In addition, comparison of spatial variations between two paddy fields was performed to characterize paddy fields by different formation and provide interpretation of these variations and parameters (Semivariogram and Kriging) from spatial analyses. Total of 400 ($20{\times}20$) soil samples were taken at 5 m interval from 1 ha of 5 year old general paddy field and analyzed. Total number of 54 ($6{\times}9$) soil samples were taken from remodeled paddy fields at 10m interval for the analyses. The results of pH, available Phosphate and organic matter among the analyzed results were used for interpretation. The pH values were relatively high from Gumi region. The values of available Phosphate and organic matter showed greater variant coefficients and this represented that there were greater heterogeneity in available phosphate and organic matter distributions across one paddy field. The values of skewness and kurtosis as absolute values, showed almost normal distributions. The paddy field in Ansung had available Phosphate (72.8) ${\fallingdotseq}$ pH (73.8) and greater values of organic matter (159.3), while upland in Gumi had the range value of organic (6.5) < available Phosphate (33.5) < pH (46.6). Based on these results, younger soils (0 year old) require more sampling to characterize the whole field than 5 year old soils.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.183-188
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• 2012

The bovine fatty acid binding protein 4 and 5 (FABP4 and 5) is a major positional and physiological candidate gene for the bovine marbling and carcass weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between economic traits of Korean cattle (Hanwoo) and genetic variation in fatty acid binding protein 4 and 5 (FABP4 and 5) genes within carcass/meat quality traits and the before/after of fatting in breed Hanwoo. Here, we characterized the nucleotide polymorphism of FABP4 and 5 in 86 cattle. We were detected the variability of three types (GG, AG, and AA) by PCR, and economic traits were analyzed by the mixed regression model implemented in the ASReml program. As the result of statistical and supersonic analysis, FABP4 gene was highly showed significant effect (p<0.006) on marbling score (MS), in contrast FABP5 gene was lowed (p<0.084) on MS before fatting. But, FABP4 gene was highly showed significant effect (p<0.0054) on MS, in contrast FABP5 gene lowest (p<0.0899) on MS in the after of fatting. Compare to supersonic result before fatting in FABP4 gene, it was detected type GG: (p<7.18), AG: (p<8.50), and AA: (p<10.50) (n=50), showed type GG: (p<4.88), AG: (p<2.33), and AA: (p<0.00) after weed out (n=20). Futhermore, it was detected type GG: (p<9.30), AG: (p<7.95), and AA: (p<7.40) (n=50) before fatting in the FABP5 gene. It was shown type GG: (p<2.67), AG: (p<3.50), and AA: (p<5.00) after weed out (n=50). Our results indicate that FABP4 and 5 gene transcription is regulated by the environment of feeding and management, and suggest that feeding and management could be potential key in determining FABP4 and 5 genes transcription for carcass/meat quality traits in breed Hanwoo.