• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2003

The Iowa Chautauqua Program has provided effective staff development for over 2,700 K-12 science teachers during the past two decades. This is a review of the features of the program, its instructional staff, and a description of the outcomes as disclosed from evaluative studies conducted by staff, teacher participants, doctoral students, and outside evaluators. Examples of outcomes are included as revealed from the qualitative studies reported in newsletters, published papers, dissertations, annual staff reports, and evidences of success reported to accrediting groups. The Chautauqua stresses student-centeredness, constructivist learning, and the visions of reform featured in the National Science Education Standards.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2009

This paper presents statistics on lightning-caused damage to humans, structures, and electrical and electronic equipment. To reduce the number and amount of casualties and damage caused by lightning strikes, the statistical analysis of lightning-related damage reports is important in establishing lightning protection measures. The statistics of lightning death, injury and damage in Korea from 2000 to 2007 were primarily derived from mass media As a result, the annual average of lightning-caused deaths in Korea is about 5. Most lightning casualties involve people who work outdoors such as farmers and recreationists. Data on lightning-caused injuries to humans and damage to structures in this paper may be underestimated since the available data from mass media are incomplete. The actual lightning-caused casualties and damage in Korea may be greater than those presented in this paper.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2006

A 33-km long sea dyke is being constructed in the Saemangeum area mid-west of Korea to reclaim a surface area of 40,100 ha which includes well-developed tidal flat and two river estuaries. The northern part of the dyke was closed on 10 June 2003, while the southern part was recently closed on 21 April 2006 by plugging two opening gaps of 2.7 km in length. In this study, firstly we review the outlines of key national projects which described marine environments in the Saemangeum area and secondly we present a summary of remarkable changes in marine environments after the closure of the northern dyke, based on marine environmental data collected during 2002-2005. Details in each discipline of the marine environments are presented both in other papers of this special volume and in a series of annual reports of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and fisheries.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.130-133
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• 2011

This paper reports the Survey results from a field monitoring study of office occupancy densities. The field measurement of a office in Yongin was carried out from 19 September to 30 September 2011. The survey has an aim to reveal the building energy consumption relationship between occupancy densities of a realistic office and the previous studies. The results showed that hourly occupied density of the previous studies is more higher than a field survey. we investigated the effects of difference occupancy densities on annual heating and cooling energy consumption using EnergyPlus. Heating and cooling consumption was raised because of the increased occupancy density. therefore, accurately measure the occupnacy schedule is important in order to reduce excessive building energy consumption, and is an significant element to be considered in the energy simulation.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2001

The amount of financial information in sophisticated large data bases is huge and makes interfirm performance comparisons very difficult or at least very time consuming. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether neural networks in the form of self-organizing maps (SOM) can be successfully employed to manage the complexity for competitive financial benchmarking. SOM is known to be very effective to visualize results by projecting multi-dimensional financial data into two-dimensional output space. Using the SOM, we overcome the problems of finding an appropriate underlying distribution and the functional form of data when structuring and analyzing a large data base, and show an efficient procedure of competitive financial benchmarking through clustering firms on two-dimensional visual space according to their respective financial competitiveness. For the empirical purpose, we analyze the data base of annual reports of 100 Korean listed companies over the years 1998, 1999, and 2000.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2013년도 제25회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.175-180
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• 2013

본 논문은 동아, 조선, 중앙, 한겨레 신문의 2000~2011년 신문 사설과 보도문에서서 나타나는 접속부사의 사용에 대한 분석이다. 구체적으로, 텍스트 구조를 드러내는 표지의 기능을 하는 접속부사에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 12년 동안 출현한 고빈도 접속부사 '그러나, 하지만, 그런데, 그리고, 따라서, 그래서, 그렇지만, 그러면, 그러므로, 하물며'를 대상으로 보도문에서의 빈도 변화와 신문 사설에서의 빈도 변화를 대응 분석과 군집 분석을 통해 객관적, 통계적, 통시적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 나열의 구조에서 보도문은 '그리고'를 선호하고 신문 사설은 '하물며'를 선호하여 사용하며, 대조의 표지로서 보도문은 '하지만'을 신문 사설은 '그러나, 그렇지만'을 선호하여 사용하였다. 화제 전환을 나타낼 때 보도문은 '그러면'을 사용하는 반면 신문 사설은 '그런데'를 사용하고, 문제에 대한 결과를 제시할 때 '보도문'은 '그러므로, 그래서'를 신문 사설은 '따라서'를 더 많이 사용하는 경향이 나타났다.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2016년도 제28회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.201-204
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 문서의 공기관계를 통해 추출된 문서의 특징을 이용하여 유사 보고서를 판별하는 시스템을 제안한다. 국가 R&D 보고서의 XML형식 파일에서 텍스트를 추출 후, 문장 단위로 나누어 각 문장의 공기 관계를 추출한다. 그 후 공기관계의 노드와 엣지를 문서에 추가하고, 노드로 사용된 단어만 남기고 나머지 단어는 제외한다. 그리고 이것을 문서의 특징으로 삼고 유사도 계산을 한다. 이 때, 유사도 계산은 코사인 유사도를 사용한다. 실험결과, 국가 R&D문서 유사도 계산에서 제안된 방법이 기존의 방법보다 높은 분류율을 보여주었다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.273-276
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the design characteristics of apartments built in Daegu between 1970 and late 1990s as well as the changes of such characteristics through newspaper advertisements. Newspaper advertisements were limited to apartment advertisements put in Maeil Shinmun, a new paper published in Daegu, from 1970 to 1999. 299 cases of apartment advertisements were used for analysis. The analysis criteria used included indices that suggest the situations of the times and the changes of architectural contents on the basis of the previous studies and reports on housing environment evaluation indices.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권1호통권136호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2004

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is listed in Shen Nung Pentsao Ching(神農本草經) as the remedy for replenishing the primodial qi(氣), restoring pulse, treating collapse, tonifing the spleen and lag, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, tranquilizing the mind, and improving the function of brain. The prescriptions of In Sam Tang(人參揚) are also recorded in many other Chinese medical books. The identification of the age of Panax ginseng is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of various age Panax ginseng cultivated in Korea were studied. The characteristics of cork layer, secretory canal, and vessel were shown to bε useful keys to confirm the age of Panax ginseng.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare analysis of financial performance in university hospitals. Methods: Data from 2005 to 2017 were collected from income statement, balance sheet, and annual reports in 23 university hospitals. The dependent variables are used financial performance, namely, medical profit to total assets, medical profit to medical revenue, and net profit to medical revenue. The independent variables are establishment type, hospital province, bed, open liquidity, stability, and activity. Results: From 2005 to 2007, university hospitals steadily increased medical revenues, nonmedical revenues, medical profit, net profit, and reserve fund for essential business by investing fixed assets using financial leverage. From 2015 to 2017, the debt ratio was minimized based on existing management performance. Results showed that university hospitals maintained high profitability by actively investing in medical equipment, medical environment, and facilities using reserve fund for essential business. Conclusions: Results suggest that this will be the basic data for efficient management of university hospitals.