• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

Purpose: The energy consumption of apartment units is affected by the lifestyle of the residents rather than system technology. In this study the numerical analysis of assumed energy consumption correlation factors with arbitrary value due to uncertainty. It is intended to be used as a simulation correction value which can be utilized as a predicted value of actual energy usage. The correction value of the simulation is set in the developed form of the existing process that derives the actual usage amount. The simulation results used in the existing evaluation system are used to maintain the useful value as the current system evaluation scale and predict the actual capacity. Method: The method of the study is to statistically analyze the data frames of all complexes capable of collecting the annual energy usage and to reconstruct the population by adding the variables that are expected to be correlated. Repeat the data frame configuration with variables that are assumed to be highly correlated with energy use levels. Determine whether there is correlation or not. The intensity of the external characteristics of the building equipment related to the energy consumption is presented as the quantitative value. Result: The correlation between electricity consumption and trading price since 2010 is analyzed as (Correlation coefficient 0.82). These results are higher than (Correlation coefficient 0.79), which is the correlation between residential area and trading price. This paper signifies the starting point of the methodology that broadens the field of view of verification of simulation feasibility limited to the prediction technique focused on the simulation tool and the element technology scope.The diversified phenomenon reproduction method develops the existing energy simulation method.It can be completed with a simulation methodology that can infer actual energy consumption.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.746-751
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• 2008

The best plan to reduce the building energy consumption is that the insulation performance should be improved because the insulation and airtight of building envelopes have an effect on the energy consumption basically. New insulation materials, which have the high performance and are above insulation standard, have been developed steadily. Because there are not studies on the building energy rating system and economic evaluation considering new insulation materials, these matters should be studied. In result alternatives, which applied 6 high performance material each, reduce the annual heating energy and raise the building energy rating. Applying the vacuum insulation material(Case 1, 2) and vacuum or triple glazing can retrieves the investment with $120 and $140$\sim$150 per barrel each.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.137-138
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• 2003

The worldwide annual production of polyolefins amounted to 60 million tons in 2000. During the process, 1-2 wt% of the olefin monomers have been emitted and flared into the air, causing the huge energy consumption and severe carbon dioxide emission. Recently, membrane process has been proved to be the most competitive among other separation processes in terms of cost of equipments, energy consumption and safety in this application. The performance of membrane process highly depends on the membrane properties and thus, it is very important to develop good membrane materials and composite membranes. We prepared PMDS dense and composite membranes and studied basic permeation behaviors of a series of olefins(ethylene, propylene, 1 -butylene), nitrogen and hydrogen as model gases.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.153-164
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• 2019

The presence of thermal bridges in a building envelope cause additional heat loss which increases the heating energy. Given that a higher building insulation performance is required in these cases, the heat loss via thermal bridges is a high proportion of the total heat energy consumption of a building. For the dry exterior insulation system that uses mullions and transoms to fix insulation and exterior materials such as stone and metal sheet, the occurrence of thermal bridges at mullions and transoms is one of the main reasons for heat loss. In this study, a dry exterior insulation system using the truss insulation frame (TIF) was proposed as an alternative to metal mullions. To evaluate the building envelope performance, structural, air-leakage, water-leakage, fire-resistance, thermal, and condensation risk tests were conducted. In addition, the annual energy consumption associated with heating and cooling was calculated, including the linear thermal transmittance of the thermal bridges. As a result, the dry exterior insulation system using TIF achieved the allowable value for all tests. It was also determined that the annual heating load of a building was reduced by 36.7 % when the TIF dry exterior insulation system was used, relative to the dry exterior insulation system using steel pipes without additional insulations.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.81-93
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate nutrient consumption by Korean adults in various places. To accomplish this, we used the 1998-2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Subjects of this investigation were over 19 years and the study included 37,160 people. The meals were categorized as breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks consumed at home, or while eating-out. Investigation of the rate of consumption at serving places based on daily meals and years showed that eating-out generally increased with time. The consumption of meals prepared at home was higher than that of meals consumed anyplace else in 1998, 2001, 2005, and 2007-2009. However, the rate of consumption of home meals decreased from 1998 to 2007-2009, while the rate of eating-out increased during this period. Annual nutrient intake according to serving places with respect to meals, energy, fat, and sodium were significantly lower in home meals than those consumed elsewhere in 2007-2009 relative to 1998. The sodium intake and energy distribution ratio of fat in meals consumed while eating-out increased significantly from 1998 to 2007-2009. The energy, fat and sodium intake and energy contribution ratio of fat consumed in meals at institutions was significantly higher in 2007-2009 than in 1998. Based on these results, additional research is required to develop guidelines for dietary life improvement at each serving place and to address education and policies for balanced nutrition intake.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.41-46
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• 2012

The building envelope is important specially for saving energy consumption of residential buildings. but Apartment houses in Korea commonly have inside insulation system which have constantly arisen thermal bridges, the risk of heat loss, as a necessity. This study aims to evaluate integrated insulation performance according to the different shapes of external walls, adjacent to windows. The thermal performance analysis was carried out by Equivalent U-value and using the three-dimensional heat transfer computer simulation (TRISCO-RADCON), under nine different cases of comparing among three each of different bases(current standard model, 30percent energy saving model and 60percent energy saving model). The heating and the cooling load were also compared between two cases (standard U-value and Equivalent U-value) of three each of different bases, using the Building energy simulation which is based on DOE-2.1 analysis. As results, it turns out that if the Equivalent U-value is considered on the envelope analysis, the heat flow loss will be increasing more than the standard U-value, and if heat insulation property of the residential building reinforced rather than current, the rate of influences on the thermal bridges would be extremely expanded. In addition, it is shown that annual heating loads of the apartment house with applied Equivalent U-value substantially increased by more than 15 percent compared to those with the existing U-value, but annual cooling loads were negligibly affected.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.275-280
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• 2006

The protection of the environment is one of today's key demanding international activities and interests. All of aspects including industry, economy and society should be changed into environmental friendly industries. The building is not exception in this trend. What is not generally realized is that building, in the lifecycle of construction, use and demolition, account for large construction, not considered with environment impact and conservation in the lifecycle. Expecially, the construction materials and components used in the construction stage has much embodied energy. And much $CO_2$ emit on the production of the construction material and component. The energy use and $CO_2$ emission would continuously diminish the limited natural resources and impact the environment such as ozon layer destruction. In this paper, it studied the estimation of the amount of energy use and $CO_2$ emission in the building construction stage, it would provide the estimation process and applied with the multifamily housing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.31-38
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• 2017

The heating and cooling air conditioning field has been increasing the problems of energy consumption and global warming in the world. A geothermal heat pump has been known as one of the highest efficient heating and cooling system. In this study, the analysis about the test standards of the geothermal heat pump of the Republic of Korea was executed. From the research, the following results were given. It is needed to address the domestic test standard for direct heat exchange geothermal heat pump. Water to air multi geothermal heat pump test standard was only developed in Korea. The test standard to calculate a seasonal energy efficiency ratio for cooling period and heat seasonal performance factor for heating period should be newly developed to estimate actual annual energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2007

The final energy consumption in the building sector in Korea represents almost 20% of the total energy consumption. Besides, Space heating and hot water generation in Korea are based on fossil fuels, with a serious environmental impact. Despite the popularity of simple solar domestic hot water systems, active solar space heating remains, for various reasons, marginal. And thus, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate potentialities of solar assisted space heating systems, both technically and economically. From this study found that the solar heating system with CPC solar collectors integrated the roof of a single-story residential building shares $50{\sim}55%$ of the annual heating load.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.813-822
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• 2012

In this study, the multizone simulation for biosafety of BSL3 lab. and energy simulation are carried out simultaneously by using linked model of CONTAM and TRNSYS. In BSL3 lab., annual energy consumption is approximately five to ten times more than the magnitude of the office building. This is because required air change rate is extremely large and it is difficult to maintain room pressure difference efficiently. To maintain pressure difference between laboratory rooms through sealing condition of doors and proper airflow control is significant. In this study, to predict indoor environment of the BSL3 lab.(Influenza A research lab.), the multizone simulation for four kinds of biohazard scenario is also performed as part of risk assessment. Multizone and energy simulation results by using linked model show that these approaches are used as a tool for the energy efficient design and operation method for the safer BSL3 lab. facilities.