• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 1993

In order to examine the effect of anisotropy and stress ratio on fatigue crack propagation rate and opening-closing behavior and also arrest behavior by single tension peak overload, the fatigue tests of constant amplitude atress and single tension peak overload adding to cycle of constant amplitude were carried out in stress ratio of -0.4, -0.2, and 0.4 with materials of T-L and L-T directions in 2024-T3 aluminum alloy plate. Crack opening-closing begavior were measured by the compliance method using COD gage and strain gage. In case of the crack opening-closing behavior was measured by strain gage, the effect of stress ratio is unchangeable. But in the case of COD gage, that is remarkably decreased. Fictitious effective stress intensity factor(U sub(f)) and effective stress intensity factor ratio(U) in L-T direction was higher than those in T-L direction and also threshold arrest overload ratio incrased as stress ratio decreased and that of T-L direction was higher than that in L-T direction.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.959-965
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• 2002

Effective hydraulic conductivity of a statistically anisotropic heterogeneous medium is obtained for steady two-dimensional flows employing stochastic analysis. Flow equations are solved up to second order and the effective conductivity is obtained in a semi-analytic form depending only on the spatial correlation function and the anisotropy ratio of the hydraulic conductivity field, hence becoming a true intrinsic property independent of the flow field. Results are obtained using a statistically anisotropic Gaussian correlation function where the anisotropy is defined as the ratio of integral scales normal and parallel to the mean flow direction. Second order results indicate that the effective conductivity of an anisotropic medium is greater than that of an isotropic one when the anisotropy ratio is less than one and vice versa. It is also found that the effective conductivity has upper and lower bounds of the arithmetic and the harmonic mean conductivities.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.147-152
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• 1993

The lapping characteristics of single crystal diamond are studied by considering the crystallographic anisotropy. It is introduced for lapping method to identify crystallographic orientantion by the X-ray diffraction and to measure lapping force ratio, lapping temperature and lapping wear. Diamound bonded wheels are used for lapping under dry condition. On the lapping {110} and {100} planes, it shows remarkable crystallographic anistropy. The lapping force ratio, temperature and wear become gerater with sliding direction along the <100> than along <110>. The results also show that the wear of diamond is influenced by mechanical work(tangential lapping force * lapping distance) as well by lapping speed.

• 지질공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2014

화강암은 미세균열 및 광물입자의 배열형태에 따라 직교하는 세 방향(rift, grain, hardway)의 이방성을 내포한다. 본 연구에서는 포천화강암의 미세균열 분포특성에 따른 이방성이 탄성파에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해서 자유단공진시험을 수행하였으며, 비구속압축파, 전단파, 포아송비, 재료 감쇠비등의 공진특성 등을 파악하였다. 결과적으로, 미세균열 분포 특성에 따라 비구속압축파와 전단파가 서로 다른 경향을 보여주고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 포아송비와 재료감쇄비도 세 개의 결방향에 따라 이방성 특성이 나타남을 확인하였다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.146-157
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• 1988

북서 태평양에 분포하는 반 원양성 점토의 심해저 시추 코어를 이용한 공극율, 음파전달속도, 속도 비등방성, 전기비저항, 비저항 비등방성에 대한 성질이 측정 되었다. 음파속도와 비저항은 퇴적물 깊이에 따라 증가하고 반대로 공극율은 감소한다. 깊이에 따른 속도와 비저항의 비등방성의 변화양상은 거의 비슷하다. 수평방향으로 발달된 얇고 긴 공극과 일정한 방향성을 가지고 배열하는 점토광물이 속도의 비등방성의 원인이 될 수 있음이 제시되었다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.37-41
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• 2000

Extruded Profiles of Aluminum alloys have been widely used as parts and frames in mechanical and construction structures. Nowadays, mechanical processing of extruded Al alloy profiles is often employed for various industrial applications. Especially, the bending process is more and more applied and the process is greatly influenced by the distributed mechanical properties in the extruded profiles. Due to large reduction of area or extrusion ratio in ordinary production of extruded profiles, anisotropy is naturally induced by large severe deformation during the extrusion process. Therefore, the anisotropy properties play a great role in the bending process, as a post processing of extruded profiles and errors will be involved when the extruded profiles are treated as isotropic material, ignoring the induced anisotropy in the thin-walled extruded product. In the present work, the anisotropic material change is simulated, as a simplified method, employing Barlats six-component yield criterion in the rigid-plastic finite element method. Finite element computations are carried out for extrusion of a thin-walled part.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 배향도가 높은 스트랜드와 무배향성의 파티클을 혼합해서 다양한 층구조의 복합체를 제조하여 각종 탄성률을 측정하여 비교하였으며, 초음파법을 적용하여 이방성 적층재료의 층구조에 기인하는 이방성의 정도를 예측하기 위하여 초음파 전파속도와 복합체 면내의 이방성의 관계에 대하여 검토했다. 그 결과 각층구조 복합체의 정적 휨 탄생률 $E_S$는 동적 탄성률 $E_D$와 거의 일치하였으며 $E_U$는 높게 산출되는 경향을 나타내었다. 초음파법을 이용한 복합체의 최외층 스트랜드의 섬유방향(${\parallel}$)과 직각방향(${\bot}$)의 전파속도의 차는 3층 구조, 7층 구조, PB 순으로 크게 나타나 층구조에 의한 이방성의 정도를 나타내고 있었다. 또한 복합체 면내의 양방향간의 전파속도의 차는 스트랜드 표층구조가 파티클 표층구조보다 큰 값을 나타내었으며 스트랜드의 혼합률이 높을수록 각 방향의 전파속도는 빨라지는 경향이었다. 이와는 반대로, 복합체의 두께방향의 전파속도는 파티클 표층구조와 스트랜드의 혼합률이 작을수록 빨라지는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1070-1077
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• 2011

This study intends to assess the defect in the weld zone of titanium grade 2 plate in terms of acoustical anisotropy based on the angle beam method. Depending on the rolling direction, the ratio of wave velocity was found to be 1.08 and the difference in the angle of refraction was more than seven degrees, confirming the presence of acoustical anisotropy. Thus for measuring the length of defect in the weld zone of the titanium plate (thickness of 10mm), the distance amplitude characteristics curves of titanium, TDACC-R and TDACC-T were constructed for the measurements in consideration of the acoustical anisotropy on CRT of the ultrasonic testing equipment. As a result, when the distance amplitude characteristics curve corresponds to the rolling direction, the length of defect was close to the actual measurement within 1mm and when different, the difference was found to be over 4mm. It was affirmed that the acoustical anisotropy should be taken into consideration when measuring the length of defects in the weld zone of the titanium plate with the presence of acoustical anisotropy.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.892-895
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• 2003

This paper describes on RIE(Reactive Ion Etching) characteristics of 3C-SiC(Silicon Carbide) grown on Si(100) wafers. During RIE of 3C-SiC films in this work, $CHF_3$ gas is used to form of polymer as a side wall for excellent anisotropy etching. From this process, etch rates are obtained a $60{\sim}980{\AA}/min$ by various conditions such as $CHF_3$ gas flux, $O_2$ addition ratio, RF power and electrode distance. Also, approximately $40^{\circ}$ mesa structures are successfully formed at 100 mTorr $CHF_3$ gas flow ratio, 200 W RF power and 30 mm electrode distance. Moreover, vertical side wall is fabricated by anisotropy etching with 50% $O_2$ addition ratio and 25 mm electrode distance. Therefore, RIE of 3C-SiC films using $CHF_3$ could be applicable as fabrication process technology for high-temperature 3C-SiC MEMS applications.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.150-159
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• 1990

The magnetic properties of electrodeposited iron and cobalt films on porous aluminum oxide film were examined. There exists perpendicular magnetic anisotropy due to the shape anisotropy. The coercivity and squareness ratio of films were strongly dependent on deposited particle diameter. The effect of packing fraction on squareness ratio was also apprecible. Unlike the iron-deposited films, the magnetic properties of cobalt films were changed by preferred orientation because of it's large crystal ansotropy constant.(about 10 times of Fe) The Fe deposited films were found to be more suitable for perpendicular magenetic recording media bacause perpendicular coercivity, squareness ratio and the ratio of perpendicular coercivity to horizontal ones of iron films are greater than those of cobalt films.