• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.193-196
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the reliability of anisotropic conductive paste (ACP) and anisotropic conductive films (ACF), which are anisotropic conductive adhesives, applied to automotive touch panels. Adhesive material is also important as a key factor in assembling the touch panel. In order to measure the resistance change of the parts in two kinds of high temperature test, the reliability of the two types of anisotropic conductive adhesives was compared and evaluated through the results of the resistance change. For 615 hours of reliability testing, the anisotropic conductive film exhibited a higher stability in a high temperature environment than the anisotropic conductive paste.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1349-1355
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• 2001

As most fractures of ductile materials in metal forming processes occurred due to the results of evolution of internal damage - void nucleation, growth and coalescence. In this paper, an approximate yield criterion for voided (porous) anisotropic ductile materials is developed. The proposed approximate yield function is based on Gurson's yield function in conjunction with the Hosford's non-quadratic anisotropic yield criterion in order to consider the characteristic of anisotropic properties of matrix material. The associated flow rules are presented and the laws governing void growth with strain are derided. Using the proposed model void growth of an anisotropic sheet under biaxial tensile loading and its effect on sheet metal formability are investigated. The yield surface of voided anisotropic sheet and void growth with strain are predicted and compared with the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.116-120
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• 2007

In this study, it is presented analytic results of bending problems in the anisotropic curved thick beam and the anisotropic curved thin beam. The anisotropy is that the material properties are different in each directions and it is difficult to solve the analytical solutions because the behavior is complex. In applying numerical method to solve differential equations of anisotropic curved beams, this study uses the finite element method. Both thin beam theory and thick beam theory are used as the basic governing equations of bending problems in the anisotropic beams. The analytic results are compared between the anisotropic curved thick beams and the anisotropic curved thin beams.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1106-1110
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• 2005

We fabricated (110) silicon hard master by using anisotropic wet etching for embossing. The etching chemical for the silicon wafer was a TMAH $25\%$ solution. The anisotropic wet etching produces a smooth sidewall surface and the surface roughness of the fabricated master is about 3 nm. After spin coating an organic-inorganic sol-gel hybrid material on a silicon substrate, we employed hot embossing technique operated at a low pressure and temperature to form patterns on the silicon substrate by using the fabricated master. We successfully fabricated the multi-mode planar optical waveguides showing low propagation loss of 0.4 dB/cm. The surface roughness of embossed patterns was uniform for more than 10 times of the embossing processes with a single hydrophobic surface treatment of the silicon hard master.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.311-316
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• 2014

In the current study, the R-value behavior of a two-layer clad steel was investigated using finite element analysis. Hill's 1948 anisotropic yield equation was employed to characterize the anisotropic behavior of the steel with different assumed properties: isotropic (R=1) and anisotropic (R=2). Experimental R-values were determined by measuring the width and thickness ratios of tensile specimens. Finite element analysis results demonstrate a difference in strain behavior in the width and the thickness directions of the clad steel. The R-value behavior depends on the fraction of the clad materials and total elongation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.5 s.72
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• pp.621-628
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• 2004

This paper introduces a new theory, that in a stiffened plate, a steel stiffener could be substituted a composite material in order to prevent from buckling. Changing a steel stiffener into a composite material would not only preclude welding, but could also prevent damage to the material due to fatigue and corrosion.A composite material is assumed to adhere to a steel plate, and is never separated from the plate until the steel plate reaches buckling.Such plate has variable shapes, with different lengths and widths, and also shows an anisotropic material property. LUSAS, a commercial finite element analysis package, was used in the buckling analysis.This paper investigated buckling behavior in anisotropic composite plates with variable parameters.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.481-488
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• 2020

Composite materialsuch as glass-fiber reinforced plastic and carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) shows anisotropic property and have been widely used for structural members and outfitings of ships. The structural safety of composite structures has been generally evaluated via finite element analysis. This paper presents a technique for updating the finite element model of anisotropic beams or plates via natural frequencies. The finite element model updates involved a compensation process of anisotropic material properties, such as the elastic and shear moduli of orthotropic structural members. The technique adopted was based on a discrete genetic algorithm, which is an optimization technique. The cost function was adopted to assess the optimization problem, which consisted of the calculated and referenced low-order natural frequencies for the target structure. The optimization process was implemented with MATLAB, which includes the finite element updates and the corresponding natural frequency calculations with MSC/NASTRAN. Material properties of a virtual cantilevered orthotropic beam were estimated to verify the presented method and the results obtained were compared with the reference values. Furthermore, the technique was applied to a cantilevered CFRP beam to successfully estimate the unknown material properties.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 1999

An analytical methodology for solving antiplane problem of anisotropic materials is proposed and discussed in detail in this study. The material considered in this study possesses a symmetry plane at z=0. The relationship between the problems of anisotropic materials and the corresponding isotropic problems are established by Ma (1996) on the basis of the general solutions for the shear stresses and displacement in both the polar and Cartesian coordinate systems. This implies that any solution of an anisotropic problem can be obtained by solving a corresponding isotropic problem. In this study some examples and numerical results are presented as an explanation of how the complicated anisotropic problem could be solved by the associated simpler isotropic problem.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.34-39
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• 2008

In this study, CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) that has high specific strength and elastic modulus and low thermal strain was used as a material for the lightweight structural member. CFRP is a fiber material as anisotropic material. The anisotropic material is characterized by the change of its mechanical properties according to stacking orientation angle. CFRP orientation angle was oriented in [A/B]s in order to examine the effect of CFRP orientation angle on the characteristics of energy absorption. CFRP is very weak to the impact from the outside. So, when impact is applied to CFRP, its strength is rapidly lowered. The hybrid material was manufactured by combining CFRP to aluminum which is lightweight and widely used for structural members of the automobile. The hybrid member was shaped as a side member that could support the automobile engine and mount and absorb a large amount of impact energy at the front-end in case of automobile collision. The bending test device was manufactured in accordance with ASTM standard, and mounted to UTM for bending test. For comparing bending characteristics of the hybrid member with those of Aluminum and CFRP member, tests were performed for aluminum, CFRP and hybrid member, respectively.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.201-216
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• 2018

In this paper, three-dimensional (3D) elasticity theory in conjunction with nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) is developed for mechanical analysis of anisotropic nanoparticles. The present model incorporates two scale coefficients to examine the mechanical characteristics much accurately. All the elastic constants are considered and assumed to be the functions of (r, ${\theta}$, ${\varphi}$), so all kind of anisotropic structures can be modeled. Moreover, all types of functionally graded spherical structures can be investigated. To justify our model, our results for the radial vibration of spherical nanoparticles are compared with experimental results available in the literature and great agreement is achieved. Next, several examples of the radial vibration and wave propagation in spherical nanoparticles including nonlocal strain gradient parameters are presented for more than 10 different anisotropic nanoparticles. From the best knowledge of authors, it is the first time that 3D elasticity theory and NSGT are used together with no approximation to derive the governing equations in the spherical coordinate. Moreover, up to now, the NSGT has not been used for spherical anisotropic nanoparticles. It is also the first time that all the 36 elastic constants as functions of (r, ${\theta}$, ${\varphi}$) are considered for anisotropic and functionally graded nanostructures including size effects. According to the lack of any common approximations in the displacement field or in elastic constant, present theory can be assumed as a benchmark for future works.