• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.51-63
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• 1982

A serological diagnosis for swine anisakiasis was trid out. An antigen (hemoglobin) of Anisakis larvae from Scomber japonicus was extracted and purified by means of DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The antigen was tested its specif

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.295-298
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• 2014

Finless porpoise is the one of porpoises in Korean waters that frequently observed in the coastal area. This study reported parasite infection cases of stranded finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis which was stranded on the Saemangeum Dyke on the west coast of Korea 21 May, 2012. The finless porpoise was male, and estimated at 8 years old. Parasites were found in abdominal cavity, skull and lung. The parasites were identified as nematode, trematoda and lungworm. Nematoda in abdominal cavity was Crassicauda sp. Trematoda found in the skull was indentified Nasitrema sp. Lungworm in lung seemed one of genus Pseudaliids. Anisakis spp. has not been found.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.26.1-26.8
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• 2016

Background: The nematode species belonging to genus Anisakis occur at their third larval stage in numerous marine teleost fish species worldwide and known to cause accidental human infection through the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish or squids. They may also draw the attention of consumers because of the visual impact of both alive and dead worms. Therefore, the information on their geographical distribution and clear species identification is important for epidemiological survey and further prevention of human infection. Results: For identification of anisakid nematodes species isolated from largehead hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus), polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA were conducted. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 gene was also sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. From the largehead hairtail (n = 9), 1259 nematodes were isolated in total. Most of the nematodes were found encapsulated throughout the viscera (56.2 %, 708/1259) or moving freely in the body cavity (41.5 %, 523/1259), and only 0.3 % (4/1259) was found in the muscles. By PCR-RFLP, three different nematode species were identified. Anisakis pegreffii was the most dominantly found (98.7 %, 1243/1259) from the largehead hairtail, occupying 98.7 % (699/708) of the nematodes in the mesenteries and 98.1 % (513/523) in the body cavity. Hybrid genotype (Anisakis simplex ${\times}$ A. pegreffii) occupied 0.5 %, and Hysterothylacium sp. occupied 0.2 % of the nematodes isolated in this study. Conclusions: The largehead hairtail may not significantly contribute accidental human infection of anisakid nematode third stage larvae because most of the nematodes were found from the viscera or body cavity, which are not consumed raw. But, a high prevalence of anisakid nematode larvae in the largehead hairtail is still in concern because they may raise food safety problems to consumers. Immediate evisceration or freezing of fish after catch will be necessary before consumption.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.465-470
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• 2015

The present study was performed to report 15 anisakiasis cases in Korea and to review the Korean cases reported in the literature. Total 32 Anisakis type I larvae were detected in the stomach of 15 patients by the endoscopy. Single worm was detected from 12 cases, and even 9 larvae were found from 2 cases. Epigastric pain was most commonly manifested in almost all cases, and hemoptysis and hematemesis were seen in 1 case each. Symptom manifestations began at 10-12 hr after eating fish in 73.3% cases. Endoscopy was performed 1-2 days after the symptom onset in most cases. The common conger, Conger myriaster, was the probable infection source in 7 cases. In the review of Korean anisakiasis cases, thus far, total 645 cases have been reported in 64 articles. Anisakis type I larva was the most frequently detected (81.3%). The favorable infection site of larvae was the stomach (82.4%). The common conger was the most probable source of human infections (38.6%). Among the total 404 cases which revealed the age and sex of patients, 185 (45.8%) were males, and the remaining 219 (54.2%) were female patients. The age prevalence was the highest in forties (34.7%). The seasonal prevalence was highest in winter (38.8%). By the present study, 15 cases of gastric anisakiasis are added as Korean cases, and some epidemiological characteristics of Korean anisakiasis were clarified.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

The third stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis typica were detected in 2 species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand, and were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Total 100 threadfin breams, 50 Nemipterus hexodon and 50 N. japonicus, were examined with naked eyes after the opening of abdominal cavity with scissors. Almost all infected larvae remained alive and active even the fish were transported for 1-2 days. Anisakid larvae were exclusively distributed in the body cavity and rarely in the liver. The prevalence of A. typica L3 were 68.0% and 60.0% in N. hexodon and N. japonicus and their infection intensities were 3.5 and 4.2 per fish infected each. Morphological and morphometric analysis were performed by viewing specimens under both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Interestingly, the protruded mucron of Anisakis typica under SEM showed a distinct cylindrical shape that differed from the cone shape of A. simplex. The protruded mucron could be used to identify A. typica L3 larvae in the future. A comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA nucleotide sequences of these species revealed high blast scores with A. typica. Conclusively, it was confirmed that A. typica L3 are prevalent in threadfin breams from the Gulf of Thailand, and their morphological and molecular characters are something different from those of other anisakid larvae, including A. simplex and A. pegreffii.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.371-374
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• 1993

Fecal samples of cats purchased in Seoul were examined for helminth ova or protozoan oocysts from December 1987 to March 1988. Out of the 41 samples,31 (75.6%) were positive and 60 (146.3%) were cumulative positive for parasites. The followings were identified In the samples: Eggs of Toxocarn cacti. Clonorchis sinensis, Metoeonimn sp., Phnrvngostomum cordntum, Spirometra erinocei, Tcenia toenicejormis and oocysts of Isosporn sp. From nine autopsied cats, larvae of Anisakis simplex, adults of C. sinensis, M. yokogawai. P cordatum, S. erinacei and T. tqeniaejormis were identified. This is the first report on the detection of Anisakis larvae from cats In Korea. The possible role of cats as a source of human infection with each parasite was discussed. Key words: Cat, intestinal parasite, Anisckis simplex, Toxoccra cati, Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai. Spirometro erinccei, Taenic tonniaelormis, Isospora Sp .

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2007

This experiment has been investigated in order to examine larval migration inhibition activity of ivermectin, doramectin and ethanol against Anisakis simplex (A. simplex) in vitro. A. simplex larvae were obtained from the mackerel acquired from the fish market of Cheongju. They were divided into many groups and placed in culture dishes (40 larvae each) containing RPMI-1640, in the absence or presence of different concentrations of ivermectin, doramectin and ethanol. Ivermectin had a complete inhibition of larval migration at 72 h in all groups ($10-300{\mu}g/ml$). Ethanol reduced the migration of the larvae, its maximum activity being an high doses (7.5%, 10% ethanol) when it was 100% efficacy at 4 h. Doramectin had no efficacy in vitro. Being needed that further studies with ivermectin and doramectin, it is recommended that in vivo test with laboratory animals should be carried.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

This experiment has been investigated in order to examine the effect of ivermectin and doramectin for laval migratory inhibition in rats. Anisakis spp larvae were obtained from the mackerels in fish market in Cheongju. A total of 225 rats were classified with 3 groups with the same number ($3{\times}75$ rats); group I was control divided into 3 subgroups including 25 rats in each one, others (test groups) were treated subcutaneously with ivermectin and doramectin by 3 kinds of concentrations ($200{\mu}g/kg$, 400, 800), respectively. At 15 minutes after treating, 10 larvae were taken orally into each rat of 6 subgroups in test, and 5 rats were necropsied at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours after oral administration. The recovered larvae were used in larval migration inhibition (LMI). Ivermectin is significantly more effective than doramectin. In rats, the inhibitory effect of ivermectin and doramectin is slightly less than in vitro.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.189-197
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• 2012

A survey was conducted to investigate infection of anisakid nematode larvae in 243 wild marine fishes caught from the southern coastal area of Korea between 2010 and 2012. The samples comprised fishes from 9 orders, 30 families and 50 species. Total infection rate of anisakid nematode larvae was 10.7% (26/243 fish), which comprised from Yeosu, 7.4% (7/95) in 2010 and 22.7% (5/22) in 2011; from Jeju, 8.2% (5/61) in 2011; from Wando, 40.9% (9/22) in 2012. Anisakid nematode larvae were not detected in Tongyoung and Wando samples in 2011. Molecular identification of the 89 worms from 26 fish was conducted by PCR-RFLP and/or sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA. From the results, 6 kinds of anisakis species were identified: Anisakis pegreffii (infection rate: 53.9%, 48/89 worms), Hysterothylacium aduncum (38.2%, 34/89), H. fabri (3.4%, 3/89), hybird (A. simplex X A. pegreffii) (2.4%, 2/89), A. simplex (1.1%, 1/89) and Raphidascaris lophii (1.1%, 1/89). The rate of single infection was 80.8% (21/26 infected fish), while 19.2% (5/26) showed mixed infection with 2 to 3 different anisakis species.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.439-441
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• 2003