• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

This study describes the characteristics of patient receiving comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia at the pediatric dentistry of Chosun University dental hospital in Gwangju, between August 2004 and March 2008. The conclusion runs as follows : 1. Most patients(64.8%) were young (under 10 years of age) and mean age was 8.6 years. 2. The primary reason(31.1%) why they chose general anesthesia was lack of child's cooperation (normal but unmanageable). Following in order are mental retardation, Autism and cerebral palsy etc. 3. Resin restorations were performed most frequently(87.8%) followed by pulp treatment, preformed crown, extraction and sealant. 4. It takes 3 hours 10 minutes for general anesthesia on the average. The mean treatment time under general anesthesia was 2 hours 52 minutes. 5. 29 children(39.7%) visited again after general anesthesia for recall check.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2006

90 handicapped patients with dental problem treated under outpatient general anesthesia at one day operation room of kyungpook National University Hospital during 2000-2005 were analyzed. Following are the conclusions. 1. For those 90patients treated under general anesthesia, 62(68.9%)patients had autism or mental retardation. 2. The most difficult work for the preparation of general anesthesia was preoperative examination(53.3%). 3. The parent's satisfaction level after treatment under general anesthesia was high(75.6%). 4. 36(40%) of the patients responded to periodic recall check till now.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.116-119
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• 2010

Trauma to the lips and tongue can occur by accidental self-biting after dental treatment. After local anesthesia, it is likely that the patient may feel painless even in biting the tongue. In case of young children and disabled patients, the dentists should be careful not to bite the tongue. In this report, we present a case of deep lingual laceration due to biting the tongue in the course of dental treatment under general anesthesia. A 33 year-old male was transferred to our hospital to treat tongue laceration. Before 2 hour on arrival, he had received dental care under general anesthesia at a dental hospital for the disabled because of cooperation difficulty and cerebral palsy. During recovery from general anesthesia, he tried to bite his own tongue involuntary. The doctors and nurses tried to prevent the patient from being injured. Despite these efforts, massive bleeding occurred from the injured sites of the tongue. Because we could not communicate with him, we decided to evaluate the extent of the injury and treat the injured sites under general anesthesia. The laceration wound was sutured for nearly 1 hr general anesthesia. During recovery we inserted mouth prop into the oral cavity to prevent further injuries from tongue biting. After full recovery from general anesthesia he didn't try to bite his tongue. After 4 hour admission, he was discharged without other complications.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

The use of general anesthesia as a special method of behavior management is necessary if certain handicapped or disabled child patient to receive dental treatment. This study was designed to report the results of 53 cases of complete oral rehabilitation under general anesthesia. The data were obtained from patients who were provided with dental treatment under general anesthesia for last 3years managed at the Dept. of pediatric dentistry in PNU Hospital. The distribution of age, gender, primary reason for general anesthesia, duration of dental procedure, number of treated tooth and periodic recall check-up were surveyed. In distribution of age, most(78%) were younger than 10 years and mean was 13.0 years. The reasons for providing general anesthesia were lack of cooperation due to various mental and physical handicapped situation(74%), congenital heart disease(13%), combined with medically compromised and behavior problem and others. The average duration of the treatments was 2 hours and 41 minutes and average duration of the anesthesia was 3 hours and 6minutes. The mean number of treated with restoration a children were 16.7 teeth. From the results, total dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia is a favorable modality to improve for disabled children's oral condition.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2011

Background: Dental treatment under outpatient general anesthesia is an option for disabled person, children and dentally disabled person who have the difficulty of cooperating voluntary with dental care. The aim of this study was to access the patients who had dental management under general anesthesia at Chungnam dental clinic for the disabled. Methods: This survey is consisted of 114 severely disabled and dentally disabled person who undergone dental treatment under general anesthesia from January to June 2011. Data were collected by individual dental and anesthesia records. Results: Of the 114 patients studies, the 45 patients was the dentally disabled and the 69 patients was the severely disabled. Rate of dental treatment among male patients was higher than among female patients. The dentally disabled was an similar age distribution. In the severly disabled, above 13-year-old was higher than below 12-year-old. The most popular induction method of general anesthesia was sevoflurane inhalation after induced sedative effect of nitrous oxide inhalation. The severly disabled who had definitely negative behavior was applied inhalation of high concentration sevoflurane. Conclusions: Chungnam Dental clinic for the disabled provide dental management for the disabled and the dentally disabled.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2019

Background: Closed reduction of the fracture under general or local anesthesia with elevators or forceps is widely used to treat nasal bone fractures. However, operating under general anesthesia increases the risk of morbidity and raises the cost of management. Furthermore, using forceps or elevators may cause undercorrection, new fractures, mucosal damage, and nasal hemorrhage. We therefore performed manual reduction under local anesthesia, using the little finger, to minimize the demerits of treatment under general anesthesia with forceps or elevators and aimed to assess functional and aesthetic outcomes, and patient satisfaction. Methods: Patients who visited the plastic and reconstructive surgery department between November 2016 and November 2017 with nasal bone fractures and treated by a single surgeon were prospectively followed up. Patients with simple unilateral or bilateral nasal bone fractures were treated with bedside finger reduction under local anesthesia and patients with comminuted nasal bone or septal fractures were scheduled for closed reduction under general anesthesia. Results: Of 84 patients, 28 met the inclusion criterion and underwent bedside finger reduction under local anesthesia. Twenty-seven patients (96.4%) were successfully contacted via telephone for survey. Twenty-three (85.2%) showed good and three (11.1%) showed fair results. All 27 patients (100%) were satisfied with their postoperative function and 25 (92.6%) were satisfied with their postoperative aesthetic result. Twenty-five patients (92.6%) preferred the finger reduction method under local anesthesia over closed reduction under general anesthesia. Conclusion: Finger reduction under local anesthesia in patients with mild unilateral or bilateral nasal bone fractures is an easy and efficient procedure with high patient satisfaction and favorable postoperative functional and aesthetic outcomes.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2020

Cri-du-chat syndrome (CdCS) is caused by the deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5. Most patients with CdCS develop intellectual disabilities. Therefore, they have poor oral hygiene and a high caries index. However, treating such patients is not an easy task, because of the difficulty in communication. General anesthesia may be a useful option in adult patients with CdCS and intellectual disability. General anesthesia should be administered very carefully, owing to the presence of comorbid diseases, which may need airway management. Infants with CdCS need general anesthesia if they have a concomitant cardiac anomaly. Intubation is reportedly difficult for such patients was, owing to the structural and functional abnormalities in the larynx and vocal cords. The purpose of this study was to report a case of difficult intubation while inducing general anesthesia in a patient with CdCS during dental treatment, due to a narrow larynx and trachea.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2013

General anesthesia or sedation is an essential for a successful dental treatment for the disabled. The aim of this study is to assess the patients who had dental management under general anesthesia or sedation at Chungnam dental clinic for the disabled, who received dental treatment under general anesthesia, sevoflurane sedation and intravenous sedation from January, 2011 to September 2012. Of the 426 patients studied, 389 patients received dental care under general anesthesia, 20 patients received dental care under sevoflurane sedation and 17 patients received dental care under intravenous sedation. The Rate of general anesthesia was higher than that of sevoflurane sedation, intravenous sedation. Sevoflurane sedation is a useful method for short time treatment such as traumatic pediatric patients. Intravenous sedation is an option for patients who had anxiety and fear such as dentally disabled patients. Sevoflurane or intravenous sedation not only gradually reduces the use of general anesthesia but also useful methods themselves for the dentally disabled.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2001

A combined anesthesia in terms of balanced anesthesia has been widely used for enhancement of anesthetic potency, decrement of dosage, reduction of side effects and better muscle relaxation. Recently, tiletamine/zolazepam (T/Z) has been widely used for the general anesthesia in dogs, but there have been few studies on balanced anesthesia of this drug in combination with other drugs. In this experiment, the combinations of T/Z with acepromazine or fentanyl/xylazine/azaperone (F/X/A) have been compared for the anesthetic effects in dogs. Healthy 5 mongrel dogs were allocated into three treatment groups ; Group Z (atropine + T/Z), Group A + Z (atropine/acepromazine + T/Z) in runs of 10 replication. The rapid induction of anesthesia was shown in all three treatment groups. The maintenance time of anesthesia was significanty increased to 101.4$\pm$6.2 minutes (44 min. more than that of group Z) in Group A + Z and 127.4$\pm$4.7 minutes (70 min. more than that of group Z) in Group F + Z, respectively. The recovery from anesthesia was rapid in Group F + Z. In blood analysis, there was no significant variation in three groups but hyperglycemia in Group F + Z. These results indicate that the balanced anesthesia of T/Z with F/X/A was superior to other two methods for maintaining and recovering from the anesthesia, and could be applied for general anesthesia in dogs.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2023

Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a triad of episodic flaccid muscle weakness, ventricular arrhythmias, and physical anomalies. ATS patients have various cardiac arrhythmias that can cause sudden death. Implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is required when life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias do not respond to medical treatment. An 11-year-old girl underwent surgery for an ICD implantation. For general anesthesia in ATS patients, anesthesiologists should focus on the potentially difficult airway, serious cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia (VT), and delayed recovery from neuromuscular blockade. We followed the difficult airway algorithm, avoided drugs that can precipitate QT prolongation and fatal cardiac arrhythmias, and tried to maintain normoxia, normocarbia, normothermia, normoglycemia, and pain control for prevention of sympathetic stimulation. We report the successful application of general anesthesia for ICD implantation in a pediatric patient with ATS and recurrent VT.