• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2019

Objective : This study investigated the anti-diabetic effects of DM1, a herbal mixture with Atractylodis Rhizoma, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and Cinnamomi Cortex in high fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice and the mechanism in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. Methods : The C57B/6 mice were fed high fat for 12 weeks, and then administrated DM1 extract (500 mg/kg, p.o.) for 4 weeks. The changes of body weight, calorie and water intakes, fasting blood glucose levels and the serum levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, AST and ALT were measured in mice. The histological changes of liver and pancreas tissues were also observed by H&E stain. C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and then treated with DM1 extract (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/㎖) for 24 hr. The expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC), PGC1α, Sirt1 and NRF1, and the AMPK phosphorylation were determined in the myotubes by western blot, respectively. Results : The DM1 extract administration significantly decreased the calorie and water intakes, glucose, triglyceride, AST and ALT levels and increased insulin and HDL-cholesterol in HFD-induced diabetic mice. DM1 extract inhibited lipid accumulation in liver tissue and improved glucose tolerance. In C2C12 myotubes, DM1 treatment increased the expression of MHC, PGC1α, Sirt-1, NRF-1 and the AMPK phosphorylation. Conclusion : In our results indicate that DM1 can improve diabetic symptoms by decreasing the obesity, glucose tolerance and fatty liver in HFD-induced diabetic mice, and responsible mechanism is might be related with energy enhancement.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1985

Each parching Anemarrhenae Rhizoma with 25% ethanol and normal saline has been used for anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antipyretic, sedative and diuretic, and so on. In order to investigate the differences of referential efficacy about each fractionated part of the aqueous extracts, pharmacological studies were carried out. The results of studies were summerized as follows : 1. By the administration of 25% ethanol treated preparation (F-I-1), the increase in urinary volume and $Na^+$ extraction was significantly recognized. 2. The excretion of electrolyte $Na^+$ by saline solution treated preparation (F-II-1) was significantly recognised in normal rats. 3. The increase of urinary volume and urinary $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ excretion by F-I-1 and n-butanol insoluble parts of F-I-1 (F-I-3) was significantly recognized in $HgCl_2-induced$ acute renal failure of rats. 4. The increase of plasma $Na^+$ by F-I-1 and urea nitrogen by F-I-1 and F-I-3 in acute renal failure of rats was significantly recognized. 5. The increase of urinary volume by F-I-1 and F-I-3 was recognised in mice.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the common herbs for pain related disease between Yak-Jing and textbook of herbology. Methods We searched the formation of "Koho" and theory of Todo yoshimasu. We selected the common herbs that is used for pain related disease in Yak-Jing and textbook of herbology. These herbs were compared with each other. Result 1. Common Herbs for pain related disease are Ephedrae Herba (麻黃), Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix (附子), Euphorbiae Kansui Radix (甘遂), Euphorbiae pekinensis Radix (大戟) Daphnis Genkwa Flos (芫花), Atractylodis Rhizoma (朮), Paeonia Radix Rubra (芍藥), JujubaeFructus (大棗), Gypsum (石膏), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (知母), Cinnamomi Ramulus (桂枝), Poria (茯苓), Rhei Rhizoma (大黃), Natrii Sulfas (芒草), Pueraiae Radix (葛根). There are some difference between textbook of herbology and Yak-Jing about Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix (附子), Paeonia Radix Rubra (芍藥), Atractylodis Rhizoma (蒼朮), Pueraiae Radix (葛根). 2. Preparata Radix (附子) excrete water poisons (水毒) in Yak-Jing, but it has the effect of restore yang and tonify fire (回陽補火) in textbook of herbology. 3. Paeonia Radix Rubra (芍藥) is effective for pathological condition caused by the formation of the band and spasm (結實拘攣) in Yak-Jing, but it is to cure heat pattern in textbook of herbology. 4. Atractylodis Rhizoma (蒼朮) has the effect of water-draining (利水) in Yak-Jing, but it has the effect of dispersing (發散) in textbook of herbology. 5. Pueraiae Radix (葛根) is used in dyspnea and sweating (喘而汗出) in Yak-Jing, but it is to cure engender fluid (生津), skin disease, diarrhea in textbook of herbology. Conclusion There are some difference between textbook of herbology and Yak-Jing in the herb medicine that is used in pain related disease.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to proofread 'one ryang' in the Decoction of ${\ll}$Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases${\gg}$. Methods : I found out the ratio of maximum dose and minimum dose in this book. On the basis of the ratio, I corrected 'one ryang' in diverse decoctions. Results : In any decoction, maximum dose of medicinal medica in one decoction could not exceed four times minimum dose. Specifically, in the case that maximum dose in one decoction is sixteen ryang, it could not exceed eight times minimum dose in the same decoction. Any medicinal medica used in two decoctions or more, its maximum dose could not exceed four times minimum dose in other decoctions. On the basis of these results, it should be changed into three ryangs that are one ryang dose of 'Haematitum' of Seonbokdaeja Tang, 'Ginger' of Bujageongang Tang, Baektong Tang, Baektonggajeodamjep Tang and Senggangsasim Tang. Furthermore it should be changed into two ryangs that are one ryang dose of 'Coptidis Rhizoma' of Sohamhyung Tang, 'Ginger' of Dowha Tang, 'Ginseng Radix' of Whubaksenggangbanhagamchoinsam Tang, 'Polyporus, Poria Sclerotium, Alismatis Rhizoma, Talcum and Asini Corii Colla' of Jeoryeong Tang, 'Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma' of Mahuangshengma Tang and 'Cassiae Cortex Interior' of Gyejigamchoryonggolmoryeo Tang. Conclusions : These results suggest that one ryang of thirteen medicinal medica such as Haematitum or Ginger of eleven decoctions such as Seonbokdaeja Tang or Bujageongang Tang should be changed into two or three ryangs.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.710-715
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• 2005

This research was to investigate inhibitory activity of Sasang medicines on Obesity. 56 kind of herb medicines to powder, abstract add 100 times methanol. Examine inhibitory effect against lipase activity in vitro. It was compared Xenical(Orlistat) with 56 kind of herb medicines. Inhibitory effect against lipase activity of Xenical as a standard was 93.3%. It is Inhibitory effect against lipase activity of Taeyangin herb medicine. (Fructus Pruni Tomentosae 77.7% Cortex Acanthopanacis73.5%, Fructus Chaenomelis73.1%, rice bran on a mallet head68.1%, Semen Fagopyri 48.1%, Radix Vitis 31.5%) It is Inhibitory effect against lipase activity of Soyangin herb medicine. (Radix Saposhnikoviae 91.5%, Semen Plantaginis 90.4%, Semen Trichosanthis 89.2%, Herba Schizonepetae 85.7%, Radix Euphorbiae Kansui 76.1%, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae 76.0%, Cortex Phellodendri 75.1%, Herba Menthae 74.8%, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis 61.2%, Rhizoma Alismatis 62.6%, Poria 60.9%, Rhizoma Notopterygii 22.5%, Radix Peucedani 18.2%, Caulis Akebiae 17.7%) It is Inhibitory effect against lipase activity of Taeeumin herb medicine. (Herba Spirodelae 91.4%, Radix Polygalae 88.3%, Arillus Longanae 84.3%, Radix Platycodi 81.7%, Semen Zizyphi Spinosae 80.2%, Spina Gleditsiae 79.7%, Herba Ephedrae 75.3%, Semen Raphani 73.1%, Rhizoma Cimicifugae 73.0%, Rhizoma Acori Graminei 71.8%, Flos Chrysanthemi71.0%, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei 68.4%, Vermiculus Holotrichia 59.9%, Radix Puerariae 55.3%, Fructus Schizandrae 53.4% Semen Coicis 50.6%, Semen Biotae 47.5%, Semen Nelumbinis 46.7%, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 45.1%, Semen Castaneae 44.4%, Rhizoma Ligustici 34.5%, Tuber Liriopis 16.4%, Radix Scutellariae4.2%) It is Inhibitory effect against lipase activity of Soeumin herb medicine. (Pericarpium Arecae89.9%, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum 89.5%, Radix Polygoni Multiflori81.2%, Rhizoma Cyperi 79.0%, Cortex Magnoliae 72.8%, Radix Aucklandiae 72.0%, Rhizoma Zingiberis 71.9%, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride 71.3%, Radix Cynanchi Wilfordi 57.7% Rhizoma Pinelliae 36.7%, Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae 35.8% Fructus Aurantii Immaturus 17.5%, Pericarpium Citri 16.1%) Therefore, Radix Saposhnikoviae(91.5) and Herba Spirodelae(91.4%) were the most effective medicice of 56 kind of medicines.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of heat-clearing medicinal on common bacterias in gynecology. Methods : The heat-clearing medicinals ( Trichosanthis Radix, Sophorae Fructus, Phragmitis Rhizoma, Buddleiae Flos, Bambusae Folium, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Celosiae Semen, Gardeniae Fructus, Prunellae Spica, Sophorae Radix, Dictamni Radicis Cortex, Coptidis Rhizoma, Gentianae Scabrae Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Phellodendri Cortex) were used in this study. Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were used for vaginal pathogenic microorganisms. Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli HB101, Lactobacillus gasseri were used for normal vaginal florae. We evaluated antibiotic effect by the optical density and the colony test. Results : The optical density and colony test showed that Celosiae Semen, Prunellae Spica, Scutellariae Radix and Phellodendri Cortex of herbs among heat-clearing medicinal had antimircobial effect. Celosiae Semen and Prunellae Spica had antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity in MRSA. Scutellariae Radix and Phellodendri Cortex had antimicrobial susceptibility and selective toxicity in Gardnerella vaginalis. Conclusion : According to the above results, we could suggest that Celosiae Semen, Prunellae Spica, Scutellariae Radix and Phellodendri Cortex among heat-clearing medicinal be available to antimicrobial agent of vaginal pathogenic microbial species in vitro.

• 생약학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2000

These studies were designed to determine the potential cytotoxic activity of MeOH extracts of 65 crude drugs against leukemia L1210 and $P388D_1$, cell line in vitro, of which 25 samples were selected. The n-BuOH extracts of 25 samples were measured using the same method and nine were selected. These samples were measured for the potential antitumor activity against $P388D_1$, for life span in vivo, and against sarcoma 180 for tumor weight. On the basis of results, Notoginseng Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Albizziae Cortex, Portulacae Herba, Bupleuri Radix were evaluated the effective plant on the antitumor activity. In addition, the mixture of Notoginseng Radix and Albizziae Cortex was evaluated to enhance the antitumor activity in vivo.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2009

Osteoblasts play an important role in bone metabolism by bone formation. Natural medicines having a stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation can improve bone diseases such as osteoporosis. The methanol extracts of 159 herbal medicines were screened for the stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation by MTT assay and differentiation in the presence of ascorbic acid and $\beta$-glycerophosphate. Among the tested extracts, Alpiniae Semen, Amomi Semen, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Bambusae Folium, Cannabis Semen, Dalbergiae odoriferae Lignum, and Luffae Fructus Retinervus showed relatively strong stimulatory activity on osteoblast proliferation, whereas Amomi Semen showed strong stimulatory activity on osteoblast differentiation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1039-1044
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• 2007

We investigated the residual contents of sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) on the 280 kinds of herbal medicines distributed at 8 cities including in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Jecheon, Yeongju, Geumsan and Jeonju in Korea. The residual contents of $SO_2$ were determinated by modified Monier-Williams method. The residual contents of $SO_2$ were not detected at 206 products in total 280 products. However, it was detected below 100 ppm in 39 products, between 101 and 1000 ppm in 30 products and exceeded 1000 ppm in 5 products. $SO_2$ contents ranged 11 ${\sim}$ 2339 mg/kg (mean 293 mg/kg) at domestic samples distributed. Regardless of region, $SO_2$ contents were not found at Notopterygii Rhizoma, Ligustici Scinensis Rhizoma et Radix, Bombyx Batryticatus, Coicis Semen, Cnidii Rhizoma, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Gardeniae Fructus, Alismatis Rhizoma. But it's found at Batatatis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix and Codonopsitis Radix of every region collected the samples. $SO_2$ contents were not detected at 58 products which collected cultural fields of dometic. After treated with water wash and hot water extraction, the reduction rates of sulfur dioxide were appeared with 14.3% ${\sim}$ 40.4% and 55.2% ${\sim}$ 100.0%, respectively. These data will be used to establish a criteron of residual sulfur dioxide in herbal medicines.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2018

탈모증상은 겉으로 보이는 모습으로 인해 정신적인 스트레스로 작용한다. 그래서 탈모 방지관련 제품의 글로벌 시장 규모는 지속적으로 성장하고 있다. Timosaponin A III는 지모 추출물에서 발견되는 대표적인 saponin 계열의 생리 활성 효능 성분이다. 본 연구에서는 5-beta reductase 단백질 길항제(antagonist) finasteride, androgen receptor 단백질 길항제 minoxidil, 그리고 지모 추출물의 효능 성분 timosaponin A III의 각각의 타깃 단백질 활성 부위에 대한 친화도 분석 실험을 in silico 컴퓨터 분자결합 분석 방법을 통해 비교하였다. 5-beta reductase 및 androgen receptor 의 3차원 구조 정보는 PDB database (5-beta reductase PDB ID: 3G1R / androgen receptor PDB ID:4K7A)를 활용하였다. In silico 결합 분석을 수행하기 위해 PyRx, Autodock Vina, Discovery Studio Version 4.5, and NX-QuickPharm 프로그램을 각 분석 조건에 따라 활용하였다. 5-beta reductase 활성 부위에 대한 timosaponin A III의 최대 결합친화도는 -12.20 kcal/mol으로 나왔으며 이는 -11.70 kcal/mol으로 분석된 finasteride의 5-beta reductase 활성부위에 대한 결합 친화도 보다 훨씬 더 높고 효율적인 것으로 분석되었다. Androgen receptor 활성 부위에 대한 timosaponin A III의 최대결합친화도 또한 -9.00 kcal/mol으로 -7.40 kcal/mol의 minoxidil에 비하여 훨씬 우수한 결합친화도 값을 나타내었다. Finasteride와 timosaponin A III의 5-beta reductase 단백질 활성 부위에 대한 X,Y,Z Grid 값은 유사한 좌표로 분석되었으나 minoxidil과 timosaponin A III의 androgen receptor 활성 부위에 대한 X,Y,Z centroid grid 좌표는 상당한 거리를 두고 떨어져 있음이 확인 되었다. 즉, timosaponin A III는 minoxidil이 androgen receptor에 결합하는 부위와는 다른 부위에 결합하여 단백질 활성에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료되었다. 이상의 연구 결과들을 바탕으로 분석해 볼 때, 5-beta reductase 길항제 finasteride와 androgen receptor 길항제 minoxidil보다 지모 추출물 생리 활성 물질인 timosaponin A III가 보다 더 효율적인 길항제로 작용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 지모 추출물 또는 timosaponin 계열이 함유된 효능 성분은 탈모 방지 효능 및 모발 건강 개선을 위한 의약품, 의약외품 및 신물질 연구 개발 분야에 효율적으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.