• Title/Summary/Keyword: Analytical Framework

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A Review on the Results of Adjusting Weight in Vulnerability Analysis of Climate Change Driven Disaster - Focused on Sea-level Rise - (도시 기후변화 재해취약성 분석방법의 가중치 조정에 따른 결과 비교 검토 - 해수면 상승 재해를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Jisook;Kim, Hoyong
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.171-180
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    • 2017
  • The vulnerability analysis of climate change driven disaster has been used as institutional framework for the urban policies of disaster prevention since 2012. However, some problems have occurred due to the structure of vulnerability analysis, such as overweighted variables and duplicated application of variables of similar meaning. The goal of this study is to examine the differences of results between the method of current guideline and the method of weight equalization. For this, we examines the current structural framework of the vulnerability analysis, and performs empirical analysis. As a result, the extent and magnitude of vulnerability showed different spatial patterns depending on the weighting methods. Standardized weighting method relatively represented wider vulnerable areas compared to the pre-existing method which follows the current instruction manual. To apply the results of vulnerability analysis to urban planning process for disaster prevention, this study suggests that the reliability of the results should be ensured by improving analytical framework and detailed review of the results.

Seismic vulnerability macrozonation map of SMRFs located in Tehran via reliability framework

  • Amini, Ali;Kia, Mehdi;Bayat, Mahmoud
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.78 no.3
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    • pp.351-368
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    • 2021
  • This paper, by applying a reliability-based framework, develops seismic vulnerability macrozonation maps for Tehran, the capital and one of the most earthquake-vulnerable city of Iran. Seismic performance assessment of 3-, 4- and 5-story steel moment resisting frames (SMRFs), designed according to ASCE/SEI 41-17 and Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (2800 Standard), is investigated in terms of overall maximum inter-story drift ratio (MIDR) and unit repair cost ratio which is hereafter known as "damage ratio". To this end, Tehran city is first meshed into a network of 66 points to numerically locate low- to mid-rise SMRFs. Active faults around Tehran are next modeled explicitly. Two different combination of faults, based on available seismological data, are then developed to explore the impact of choosing a proper seismic scenario. In addition, soil effect is exclusively addressed. After building analytical models, reliability methods in combination with structure-specific probabilistic models are applied to predict demand and damage ratio of structures in a cost-effective paradigm. Due to capability of proposed methodology incorporating both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties explicitly, this framework which is centered on the regional demand and damage ratio estimation via structure-specific characteristics can efficiently pave the way for decision makers to find the most vulnerable area in a regional scale. This technical basis can also be adapted to any other structures which the demand and/or damage ratio prediction models are developed.

The Research on Online Game Hedonic Experience - Focusing on Moderate Effect of Perceived Complexity - (온라인 게임에서의 쾌락적 경험에 관한 연구 - 지각된 복잡성의 조절효과를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Jung, Yun-Hee
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.147-187
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    • 2008
  • Online game researchers focus on the flow and factors influencing flow. Flow is conceptualized as an optimal experience state and useful explaining game experience in online. Many game studies focused on the customer loyalty and flow in playing online game, In showing specific game experience, however, it doesn't examine multidimensional experience process. Flow is not construct which show absorbing process, but construct which show absorbing result. Hence, Flow is not adequate to examine multidimensional experience of games. Online game is included in hedonic consumption. Hedonic consumption is a relatively new field of study in consumer research and it explores the consumption experience as a experiential view(Hirschman and Holbrook 1982). Hedonic consumption explores the consumption experience not as an information processing event but from a phenomenological of experiential view, which is a primarily subjective state. It includes various playful leisure activities, sensory pleasures, daydreams, esthetic enjoyment, and emotional responses. In online game experience, therefore, it is right to access through a experiential view of hedonic consumption. The objective of this paper was to make up for lacks in our understanding of online game experience by developing a framework for better insight into the hedonic experience of online game. We developed this framework by integrating and extending existing research in marketing, online game and hedonic responses. We then discussed several expectations for this framework. We concluded by discussing the results of this study, providing general recommendation and directions for future research. In hedonic response research, Lacher's research(1994)and Jongho lee and Yunhee Jung' research (2005;2006) has served as a fundamental starting point of our research. A common element in this extended research is the repeated identification of the four hedonic responses: sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytic response. The validity of these four constructs finds in research of music(Lacher 1994) and movie(Jongho lee and Yunhee Jung' research 2005;2006). But, previous research on hedonic response didn't show that constructs of hedonic response have cause-effect relation. Also, although hedonic response enable to different by stimulus properties. effects of stimulus properties is not showed. To fill this gap, while largely based on Lacher(1994)' research and Jongho Lee and Yunhee Jung(2005, 2006)' research, we made several important adaptation with the primary goal of bringing the model into online game and compensating lacks of previous research. We maintained the same construct proposed by Lacher et al.(1994), with four constructs of hedonic response:sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytical response. In this study, the sensory response is typified by some physical movement(Yingling 1962), the imaginal response is typified by images, memories, or situations that game evokes(Myers 1914), and the emotional response represents the feelings one experiences when playing game, such as pleasure, arousal, dominance, finally, the analytical response is that game player engaged in cognition seeking while playing game(Myers 1912). However, this paper has several important differences. We attempted to suggest multi-dimensional experience process in online game and cause-effect relation among hedonic responses. Also, We investigated moderate effects of perceived complexity. Previous studies about hedonic responses didn't show influences of stimulus properties. According to Berlyne's theory(1960, 1974) of aesthetic response, perceived complexity is a important construct because it effects pleasure. Pleasure in response to an object will increase with increased complexity, to an optimal level. After that, with increased complexity, pleasure begins with a linearly increasing line for complexity. Therefore, We expected this perceived complexity will influence hedonic response in game experience. We discussed the rationale for these suggested changes, the assumptions of the resulting framework, and developed some expectations based on its application in Online game context. In the first stage of methodology, questions were developed to measure the constructs. We constructed a survey measuring our theoretical constructs based on a combination of sources, including Yingling(1962), Hargreaves(1962), Lacher (1994), Jongho Lee and Yunhee Jung(2005, 2006), Mehrabian and Russell(1974), Pucely et al(1987). Based on comments received in the pretest, we made several revisions to arrive at our final survey. We investigated the proposed framework through a convenience sample, where participation in a self-report survey was solicited from various respondents having different knowledges. All respondents participated to different degrees, in these habitually practiced activities and received no compensation for their participation. Questionnaires were distributed to graduates and we used 381 completed questionnaires to analysis. The sample consisted of more men(n=225) than women(n=156). In measure, the study used multi-item scales based previous study. We analyze the data using structural equation modeling(LISREL-VIII; Joreskog and Sorbom 1993). First, we used the entire sample(n=381) to refine the measures and test their convergent and discriminant validity. The evidence from both the factor analysis and the analysis of reliability provides support that the scales exhibit internal consistency and construct validity. Second, we test the hypothesized structural model. And, we divided the sample into two different complexity group and analyze the hypothesized structural model of each group. The analysis suggest that hedonic response plays different roles from hypothesized in our study. The results indicate that hedonic response-sensory response, imaginal response, emotional response, analytical response- are related positively to respondents' level of game satisfaction. And game satisfaction is related to higher levels of game loyalty. Additionally, we found that perceived complexity is important to online game experience. Our results suggest that importance of each hedonic response different by perceived game complexity. Understanding the role of perceived complexity in hedonic response enables to have a better understanding of underlying mechanisms at game experience. If game has high complexity, analytical response become important response. So game producers or marketers have to consider more cognitive stimulus. Controversy, if game has low complexity, sensorial response respectively become important. Finally, we discussed several limitations of our study and suggested directions for future research. we concluded with a discussion of managerial implications. Our study provides managers with a basis for game strategies.

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A Comparative Study on Analytical Tools of Business Model (비즈니스 모델 분석도구에 관한 비교연구)

  • Ryou, Hyo-Sang;Lee, Dong-Hyun
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.137-147
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the use of two analytical tools to the business and the academic world. The 'business model canvas' originally developed by Osterwalder and Pigneur(2010) consists of 9 building blocks, and provides an overview of the business model in a single page. The '10 types of innovation model' presented in Keeley et al.(2013), shows the framework and cases for innovating business model. Two tools contain the whole components of business model from value proposition, value creation, value delivery to value capture. Two tools, however can not provide much new idea for managers to improve the existing business model. Developing various business model cases and innovative business model archetypes are needed.

Wave-Induced Response of Unsaturated and Multi-layered Seabed; A Semi-analytical Method (파랑으로 인한 불포화된 다층 해저지반의 거동;준해석적 방법)

  • ;Rahman, M. S.
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 1999
  • Wave-induced response, liquefaction and stability of unsaturated seabed are studied. The unsaturated seabed is modeled as a fluid-filled polo-elastic medium. The coupled process of fluid flow and the deformation of soil skeleton is formulated in the framework of Biot's theory. The resulting governing equations are solved using a semi-analytical method to evaluate the stresses and pore water pressure of unsaturated and multi-layered seabed. The semi-analytical method can be applied to calculate a pore pressure and the stresses of in anisotropic inhomogeneous seabed. The results indicate that the degree of saturation influences mostly on the magnitudes of a pore pressure and the stresses of unsaturated and multi-layed seabed. Based on the pore pressure and stresses in seabed, the analysis on the possibilities of liquefaction and shear failure was performed. The results show that the maximum depth of shear failure occurrence is deeper than the maximum liquefaction depth.

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A negative stiffness inerter system (NSIS) for earthquake protection purposes

  • Zhao, Zhipeng;Chen, Qingjun;Zhang, Ruifu;Jiang, Yiyao;Pan, Chao
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.481-493
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    • 2020
  • The negative stiffness spring and inerter are both characterized by the negative stiffness effect in the force-displacement relationship, potentially yielding an amplifying mechanism for dashpot deformation by being incorporated with a series tuning spring. However, resisting forces of the two mechanical elements are dominant in different frequency domains, thus leading to necessary complementarity in terms of vibration control and the amplifying benefit. Inspired by this, this study proposes a Negative Stiffness Inerter System (NSIS) as an earthquake protection system and developed analytical design formulae by fully utilizing its advantageous features. The NSIS is composed of a sub-configuration of a negative stiffness spring and an inerter in parallel, connected to a tuning spring in series. First, closed-form displacement responses are derived for the NSIS structure, and a stability analysis is conducted to limit the feasible domains of NSIS parameters. Then, the dual advantageous features of displacement reduction and the dashpot deformation amplification effect are revealed and clarified in a parametric analysis, stimulating the establishment of a displacement-based optimal design framework, correspondingly yielding the design formulae in analytical form. Finally, a series of examples are illustrated to validate the derived formulae. In this study, it is confirmed that the synergistic incorporation of the negative stiffness spring and the inerter has significant energy dissipation efficiency in a wide frequency band and an enhanced control effect in terms of the displacement and shear force responses. The developed displacement-based design strategy is suitable to utilize the dual benefits of the NSIS, which can be accurately implemented by the analytical design formulae to satisfy the target vibration control with increased energy dissipation efficiency.

Simultaneous Analysis of Alternative Antifouling Agents (Diuron and Irgarol 1051) and Triazine Herbicide (Prometryn) in Seawater Using LC/MS-MS (해수 중 신방오도료(Diuron and Irgarol 1051) 및 트리아진계 제초제 (Prometryn)에 대한 LC-MS/MS 동시 분석법 정립)

  • Mikyoung Lee;Sunggyu Lee;Minkyu Choi
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.327-335
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    • 2024
  • A simultaneous analytical method was developed to quantify antifouling agents and triazine herbicides in seawater using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The target compounds included diuron, irgarol 1051, and prometryn, which are prevalent in marine environments owing to their extensive use in antifouling coatings and agriculture. The analytical procedure involves solid-phase extraction (SPE) using HLB cartridges followed by LC-MS/MS analysis for precise quantification. The method exhibits high recovery rates for diuron (101% ± 1.25), irgarol 1051 (94.7% ± 2.08), and prometryn (93.7% ± 3.06). Seawater samples from 30 coastal sites in Korea were analyzed. Irgarol 1051 was not detected, whereas diuron was consistently detected across all sites, with concentrations from 0.68 to 11.3 ng/L, and prometryn was present at levels between 0.12 and 7.06 ng/L. The highest diuron and prometryn concentrations were recorded along the southeastern and western coasts, respectively. These findings underscore the critical need for continuous monitoring and regulations to manage these contaminants in marine ecosystems, thereby safeguarding ecological integrity and public health. This study establishes a robust analytical framework for the comprehensive assessment of multiple marine contaminants.

The Development of Perspectives for Viewing the Aesthetics of Costume (복식미를 보는 시(視)형식 개발)

  • Shin, Joo-Yun;Kim, Min-Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.58 no.7
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    • pp.76-91
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to prescribe formative perspectives as a framework where the aesthetic taste and demands of a certain period are embodied and to develop new analytical tools to examine the beauty of dress in terms of form. First, the theoretical tools selected for this study are Heinrich Wolfflin's formative perspective theory derived from art and Marilyn R. DeLong's framework for visual analysis of dress. Second, several issues that limited the development of a new framework for analyzing the form of dress were identified and addressed. Third, the selected aspects of dress form to be analyzed are specified. They are: silhouette, inner form, structure form, materials and patterns based upon the relationship between the body, dress and space in order to develop new formative perspectives. Based upon these theories a new framework for analyzing dress aesthetics in terms of form is developed. This reconstructed framework consists of three sets of antagonistic representational styles: closed form/open form, linear form/painterly form and multiplicity/unity. Closed form/open form represented in dress can be classified by the clear or obscure silhouette shown not only in the relationship between the dress and space around the dress, but also from changeability or invariability of dress in relation to the body. The material, pattern and various design elements are used as the central criteria to determine the linear/painterly characteristics in dress representations. Finally, the multiplicity/unity can be found in the relationship between the whole and the parts. Multiplicity is represented in dress when the parts have a visual priority over the whole, whereas unity is represented when a dress as a whole has visual priority over the parts. A dress represented with closed form, linear characteristic and multiplicity is perceived as a clear form. In contrast, a dress with open form, painterly characteristic and unity is understood to be an obscure form. It can be said that this study is the first attempt to establish the formative perspectives for analyzing the form of dress in various periods, cultures and races for the future studies.

Analysis of Trends and Contents of Nursing Doctoral Dissertations in Korea (한국 간호학 박사학위논문의 내용과 경향분석: 1982-2010년 양적 연구를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Kwang-Ja;Kang, Youn-Hee;Gu, Mee-Ock;Kim, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Ok-Soo;Suh, Yeon-Ok;Suh, Eun-Young;Yang, Soo;Lee, Eun-Hyun;Lee, Ja-Hyung;Choe, Myoung-Ae;Hah, Yang-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.302-309
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: This study aimed to identify contents and trends of Korean nursing doctoral dissertations in terms of research methodology and theoretical characteristics. Methods: The design of the study was descriptive study and a total of 1,089 quantitative studies completed between 1982 and 2010 were reviewed using the analytical framework developed by the researchers. Results: The majority of studies utilized the experimental design (51.5%) and the others were survey design (38.8%) and methodological design (5.0%). Study subjects were shown as patients (45%), care givers (11.2%), ordinary persons (40.6%) and others (3.2%). There were growing trends in experimental design and patients as subjects. The prevailing data collection settings were hospitals (45.8%) and community (27.8%). The theoretical frameworks that studies were based on were the existing theories (37%) and a newly developed theoretical framework by a researcher (25.2%). a framework derived from other studies by the researcher (25.2%). Majority of studies (78.5%) employed a single theory as a theoretical framework. However, 31.8% of studies had no theoretical framework based on. Conclusion: Findings of this study provided the opportunities to shed new light on the current status of Korean doctoral dissertation and to deliberate on the future direction of nursing studies in Korea.

A reuse recommendation framework of artifacts based on task similarity to improve R&D performance (연구개발 생산성 향상을 위한 태스크 유사도 기반 산출물 재사용 추천 프레임워크)

  • Nam, Seungwoo;Daneth, Horn;Hong, Jang-Eui
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 2019
  • Research and development(R&D) activities consist of analytical survey and state-of-the-art report writing for technical information. As R & D activities become more concrete, it often happens that they refer to related technical documents that were created in previous steps or created in previous similar projects. This paper proposes a research-task based reuse recommendation framework(RTRF), which is a reuse recommendation system that enables researchers to efficiently reuse the existing artifacts. In addition to the existing keyword-based retrieval and reuse, the proposed framework also provides reusable information that researchers may need by recommending reusable artifacts based on task similarity; other developers who have a similar task to the researcher's work can recommend reusable documents. A case study was performed to show the researchers' efficiency in the process of writing the technology trend report by reusing existing documents. When reuse is performed using RTRF, it can be seen that documents of different stages or other research fields are reused more frequently than when RTRF is not used. The RTRF may contribute to the efficient reuse of the desired artifacts among huge amount of R&D documents stored in the repository.