• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.458-463
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• 2008

This study focused on the suggestion that is improved alternation with relation to construction item & assurance term in order to deal with the assurance conflict efficiently which have been happened in the apartment housing. To correspond to this purpose of research, as a first step, we introduced the add item & sub item of construction work on the basis upon construction specifications of the number of 17 on housing law as a alternation of the defects assurance construction item that is necessary to correct as soon as possible. As a second step of the research, we did cross analysis & compare the result of defects happened to the apartment housing complex of 293 with the defect' rate of construction work excepted from the supervisory item, and main performance estimation items in the HPGS(House Performance Grading System), and analysis results introduced from question survey. As the result of this research work, we became to reflect the improving schemes on the housing Law the year of 2007.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.35-56
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the Childcare Adaptation Scale for Infants and Toddlers (CASIT), which is rated by teachers of Korean children. Methods: The participants consisted of 326 childcare teachers working with infants (ages 0-2 years). Content validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and item discrimination were examined using PASW 18.0 and AMOS 19.0. Results: The results of an exploratory factor analysis identified the 29-item scale and six dimensions of the scale, including group life adaptation, negative behaviors, positive affect, regular routines, activity/interest, and peer interaction. Convergent validity was examined via confirmatory factor analysis, average variation extracted (AVE), and construct reliability, and acceptable evidences of convergent validity was established. The scales were shown to be highly consistent internally and among raters. Also, the mean between the upper group and lower group of each item regarding item discrimination showed a significant difference. Conclusion: It was concluded that the CASIT, which is a quick and convenient tool for teachers to use, is a valid and reliable instrument.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.60
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• pp.11-22
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• 2000

The main objective of this research is to analyze an order point and an order quantity of a distribution center and each branch to attain a target service level in multi-level inventory distribution system. In case of product item, we use the item with low volume of average monthly demand. Under the continuous review method, the distribution center places a particular order quantity to an outside supplier whenever the level of inventory reaches an order point, and receives the order quantity after elapsing a certain lead time. Also, each branch places an order quantity to the distribution center whenever the level of inventory reaches an order point, and receives the quantity after elapsing a particular lead time. When an out of stock condition occurs, we assume that the item is backordered. For considering more realistic situations, we use generic type of probability distribution of lead times. In the variable lead time model, the actually achieved service level is estimated as the expected service level. Therefore, this study focuses on the analysis of deciding the optimal order point and order quantity to achieve a target service level at each depot as a expected service level, while the system-wide inventory level is minimized. In addition, we analyze the order level as a maximum level of inventory to suggest more efficient way to develop the low demand item model.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.253-269
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• 2020

This study aims to develop items to diagnose pre-service physics teachers' understanding of the conceptual knowledge of modern physics, based on the achievement criteria presented in the 2015 revised national science curriculum, and to identify the validity and reliability of the newly developed items. Data were collected from 467 pre-service physics teachers in the Physical Education Department or Science Education Department (Physics Education Major) of 15 universities across the nation. In this study the content validity, substantive validity, the internal structure validity, generalization validity, and the external validity proposed by Messick (1995) were examined by various statistical tests. The results of the MNSQ analysis showed that there was no nonconformity in the 23 items. The internal structure validity was confirmed by the standardized residual variance analysis, which shows that the 22 items was unidimensional. The generalization validity was confirmed by differential item functioning (DIF) analysis about groups lectured or not modern physics/quantum mechanics. In addition, item analysis and test analysis based on classical test theory were performed. The mean item difficulty is 0.66, mean item discrimination is 0.47 and mean point biserial coefficient obtained was 0.41. These results for item parameters satisfied the criteria respectively. The reliability of the internal consistency of the KR-20 is 0.77 and the Ferguson's delta obtained was δ = 0.972. By Rasch model analysis, the item difficulty (item measures) was discussed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

Objectives We tried to examine the change in the test-retest response for the questionnaire itself regarding the QSCCII. Methods Tests were conducted twice times with an interval of 6 months between tests for test-retest reliability analysis. We examined the test-retest answer agreement rate (%) in all items of QSCCII . We conducted NcNemar analysis to examine test-retest reliability for 77 items selected from the QSCCII. Results The body shape-multiple-choice items showed a tendency of low test-retest agreement rate and most of the questions about when I was not well and when I felt my body condition improve showed an high test-retest agreement rate tendency in all items of QSCCII. As a result of the research on the selected 77 items, there was a significant change in the answer in item No.25, 58(in the item of Soeumin) item No.45, 103(in the item of Taeumin) and item No.87 (in the item of Soeumin) (Table.3, 4, 5, 6). Conclusion The QSCCII is shown as a questionnaire composed of mostly no significant response changes in test-retest in each item through this study. Some items were appropriately deleted in the process of developing the advanced model, but there are also items that should be considered further. It is thought that some items should be used after being refined in content and form.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.1 s.29
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• pp.100-109
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• 2006

Feasibility analysis is a crucial key to success or failure of housing project. Existing feasibility analysis in construction company is based on intuitive approach rather than systematic approach. Usually feasibility analysis in a narrow sense is a financial analysis of project. Feasibility analysis focused in this study is confined to the matter of finance. So, the purpose of this study is to analyze the sensitivity of financial analysis item about profit rate by means of monte carlo simulation and this will improve accuracy of feasibility analysis and decision making.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2003

Most web-based learning is furnishing single side and consistent training resource to learner. Research was gone to apply item analysis method or to introduce web-based learning system using studying pattern. But, we need complicated algorithm or parameter setting etc, for apply these method. Therefore, in this research, we design and implement an item selection system in consideration of learner's incorrectness rate and problem frequency selection rate about question of item selection attribute. Also, as that embody business logic about item selection by EJB, efficient system development is available and we improved maintenance and reusability.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.56-66
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• 2014

For maintaining adequate psychometric properties when reducing the number of items from an instrument, item level psychometrics is crucial. Strategies such as low item correlation or factor loadings, using classical test theory, have traditionally been advocated. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a new short form assessing the impact of low back pain on physical activity. Rasch measurement model has been applied to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Activity Measure (ICF-AM). One hundred and one individuals with low back pain aged 19-89 years (mean age: $48.1{\pm}17.3$) who live in the community were participated in the study. Twenty-seven items of lifting/carrying construct of the ICF-AM were analyzed. Ten items were selected from the construct to create a short form. Item elimination criteria include: 1) high or low mean square (out of the range: .6-1.4 for the fit statistics), 2) similar item calibrations to adjacent items, 3) person separation value, and item-person map for potential gap in person ability continuum. All 10 items of the short form fit to the Rasch model except one item (i.e., carrying toddler on back). Despite its high infit and outfit statistics (1.90/2.17), the item had to be reinstated due to potential gaps at the upper extreme of person ability level. The short form had a slightly better spread of person ability continuum compared to the entire set of item. The created short form separated individuals with low back pain into nearly 4 groups, while the entire set of items separated the individuals into 6 groups. The findings prompted multidimensional models for better explanation of the lifting/carrying domain. The item level psychometrics based on the Rasch model can be useful in developing short forms with rationally retained items.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 2007

There have been many researches on the characteristics of item trade. However, most researches were done by carrying out a survey and there has been few researches by analyzing the economy in online games. So, this article studied the cause of item trade by looking into the supply and demand of items in online games. The results shows that item trade is taking place mostly among only a few number of gamers who enjoy enchanting and who engage in castle sieges and blood pledge battles. The proportion of item trade by general garners is not so big. And major item providers are gold farms, not garners. Therefore, item trade is mostly carried out by a large number of garners who trade a small amount of sum and by a small number of heavy garners who trade large amount of sum. Understanding this characteristic of item trade would be a good ground for reviewing the policies and social effect regarding item trades.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.47-59
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• 2010

Differing from most of current studies which recognizing game item cash-trade as simple static system, this study approaches game item cash-trade as Complex Adaptive System through historical analysis. The item-trade is a complex phenomenon converging between cyber-economy and real-economy, and production and consumption process of game-item are evolving dynamically over time. The results are following: first, the early item-trade emerges in endogenously rather than results from purposed system designed by singular actor. Second, after the early item-trade, the trade system as a CAS which various voluntary actors(single user, factory, game company, user community, agency, etc.) participates in is self-organizing for trading safety and efficiency. Third, the complex adaptive item-trade system satisfies actor's needs interdependently and accelerate positive feedback powerfully. This study implies that purposeful control disregarding emergent adaptive item-trade system distorts system efficiency and can lead to unintended policy failure.