• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.457-462
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• 2021

Objective: This study analyzed the correlation between uni-standing balance ability, jumping ability, and anaerobic lower extremity power of high school Taekwondo players. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Two high schools recruited 36 taekwondo players, but 5 were dropped due to personal circumstances and preparations for the tournament, so the number was counted as 31. In order to test uni-standing balance ability, the Romberg test was performed using Biorescue to measure the sway area. In order to test jumping ability, standing long jump and standing highjump were measured. For anaerobic lower extremity muscle power test, the peak power and average power were measured through 30-second pedaling using a Wingate system bicycle. Results: Participants did not show any correlation with other measures in the uni-standing balance ability test (p>0.05). Looking at the correlation in the standing long jump, standing high jump (r=0.892, p<0.05), anaerobic peak power (r=0.698, p<0.05), anaerobic average leg power (r=0.662, p<0.05) showed a positive correlation. Looking at the correlations in the standing high jump, anaerobic peak power (r=0.663, p<0.05), anaerobic average power (r=0.697, p<0.05) showed a positive correlation. Looking at the correlation in the anaerobic peak power, average power (r=0.785, p<0.05) showed a positive correlation. Conclusions: This study shows that balance ability and anaerobic leg strength are independent of each other. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the training plan of high school taekwondo players in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study compared the body composition according to the sport of short-distance and middle & long-distance athletes to identify the factors that affect the body composition. METHODS: Forty-eight athletes selected as youth national athletes in 2019 participated in the study. The study participants measured the length of the lower extremities, body composition, and anaerobic ability. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare the body composition according to the event. In addition, the Pearson correlation was performed to identify the factors that influence the body composition. RESULTS: The leg length of the Short and Middle & long-distance athletes were similar (p = .584). On the other hand, there were differences in the body fat percentage (p = .001), lean percentage (p = .001), and BMI (p = .001). In addition, the body fat percentage was correlated with the lean body mass (r = .419) and BMI (r = .447). Furthermore, the lean body mass was correlated with the BMI (r = .849) and the peak power (r = .662) and mean power (r = .686) of the anaerobic capacity. Moreover, the BMI was correlated with the peak power (r = .490) and mean power (r = .543) of the anaerobic capacity. The peak power of the anaerobic ability was correlated with the mean power (r = .931). CONCLUSION: The body composition differed according to the sport. The body fat percentage correlated with the lean body mass and the BMI. The lean body mass correlated with the BMI, peak power of anaerobic ability, and mean power. The BMI correlated with the anaerobic capacity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.172-180
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper was to make an analysis of anaerobic power in professional female basketball players using the Wingate Test Method with bicycle ergometer. Twenty-three subjects(age $21.6\pm2.8years$, body height $178.0\pm7.4cm$, body weight $70.3\pm7.4kg$) were selected from professional female basketball team whose careers were over 10years and participated in this investigation. Each subject peformed a Wingate anaerobic power test to determine total work, peak power, mean power, fatigue index and blood lactate concentration. The following were obtained from result data analysis; 1. The Total Work of athletes was a $1128.7\pm120.6watt$ 2. The Peak Power of athletes was a $449.5\pm53.1watt$ 3. The Mean Power of athletes was a $369.1\pm39.4watt$ 4. The Fatigue Index of athletes was a $33.5\pm6.9\%$ 5. The blood lactate concentration was $1.85\pm0.85mM/L$ at the normal state and $3.16\pm1.53mM/L$ at the after Wingate test. The blood lactate concentration was $6.96\pm0.81mM/L$ after 3 minute and $6.95\pm1.05mM/L$ after 5 minutes.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2005

Anaerobic digestion is employed worldwide as the oldest and most important process for sludge stabilization. An additional advantage is the production of methane during anaerobic digestion. However, the waste activated sludge(WAS) has poor anaerobic degradability and less gas production due to the cell wall of bio-solid. In order to improve and enhance stabilization and dewatering of the WAS, a number of pretreatment processes have been developed and investigated. In this research, a pilot-scale study of pulse power pretreatment was performed to improve anaerobic degradability and dewaterability of the WAS. A pilot plant was designed and operated based on a previous laboratory study. Change of the sludge characteristics by pulse power pretreatment was estimated to assess the increasing soluble organics. The increased soluble organics could be used as a good substrate in the anaerobic digesion process. Gas production and methane potential of the anaerobic digestion were estimated as the parameters of anaerobic degradability. For evaluation of the dewaterability of pretreated WAS, capillary suction time(CST) and specific resistance were measured. The efficiency of energy recovery was also estimated by calculating energy balance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 2018

The purpose of the study was to investigate the gender differences of anaerobic capabilities between anaerobic capacity(AC) from Wingate test and anaerobic work capacity(AWC) from critical power test in untrained male and female adults. Both tests were carried out to 12 male and 13 female subjects on a Monark cycle ergometer. The results of this study demonstrated that men were higher than women in AC for the Wingate test, but no gender difference(J/kg) in AWC for the Critical Power test. There was a significant relationship between AC(J/kg) and AWC(J/kg) in women(r=0.61, p<0.05), but no significant relationship in men(r=-0.32, p>0.05). ANCOVA analyses using $VO_{2max}$ and body weight as covariates had significant influence on the AWC gender difference. The study provides preliminary data on gender differences of anaerobic capabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1606-1615
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for injury prevention and performance improvement by developing a flywheel training program for handball players. The results of analyzing the effects of the 12-week complex flywheel training program on body composition, physical fitness factors, anaerobic power, and isokinetic muscle function are as follows. There was a significant difference between groups in push-ups. Body fat percentage and anaerobic power showed significant differences in the interaction by period. Long jump, slow jump, grip strength, back muscle strength, anaerobic average power, and isokinetic muscle function tests showed significant differences by period in the left and right flexors. Therefore, it is considered that 12-week flywheel training results can be used as the basic data for injury prevention and improvement of performance in handball players.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2005

Anaerobic decomposition is one of the most common processes in nature and has been extensively used in waste and wastewater treatment for several centuries. New applications and system modifications continue to be adapted making the process either more effective, less expensive, or suited to the particular waste in question and the operation to which it is to be applied. Animal manure is a highly biodegradable organic material and will naturally undergo anaerobic fermentation, resulting in release of noxious odors, such as in manure storage pits. Depending on the presence or absence of oxygen in the manure, biological treatment process may be either aerobic or anaerobic. Under anaerobic conditions, bacteria carry on fermentative metabolisms to break down the complex organic substances into simpler organic acids and then convert them to ultimately formed methane and carbon dioxide. Anaerobic biological systems for animal manure treatment include anaerobic lagoons and anaerobic digesters. Methane and carbon dioxide are the principal end products of controlled anaerobic digestion. These two gases are collectively called biogas. The biogas contains $60\~70\%$ methane and can be used directly as a fuel for heating or electrical power generation. Trace amounts of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide ($100\~300\;ppm$) are always present in the biogas stream. Anaerobic lagoons have found widespread application in the treatment of animal manure because of their low initial costs, ease of operation and convenience of loading by gravity flow from the animal buildings. The main disadvantage is the release of odors from the open surfaces of the lagoons, especially during the spring warm-up or if the lagoons are overloaded. However, if the lagoons are covered and gases are collected, the odor problems can be solved and the methane collected can be used as a fuel. Anaerobic digesters are air-tight, enclosed vessels and are used to digest manure in a well-controlled environment, thus resulting in higher digestion rates and smaller space requirements than anaerobic lagoons. Anaerobic digesters are usually heated and mixed to maximize treatment efficiency and biogas production. The objective of this work was to review a current anaerobic biological treatment of animal manure for effective new technologies in the future.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2005

To assess the effect of pinitol supplementation and strength training for two weeks on the anaerobic capacity during and after exercise, and improvement of glucose metabolism during the recovery period of muscular fatigue with repeated acute bouts of cycling exercise, a total of 24 healthy young men were recruited and randomly and equally divided into three groups; pinitol supplementation group (PSG), placebo group (PLG), and control group (CON). Using a randomized double-blinded design, subjects in PSG were provided pinitol supplement, consumed orally 1.2 g/day, and participated in the resistance exercise program and cycling exercise for two weeks. Subjects in PLG underwent the same protocol as those in PSG but consumed the same amount of placebo. No supplementation and exercise program was given to CON. Before and after the intervention, all subjects were tested for their anaerobic capacities evaluated by Wingate test twice separated by 30 min. During the test, peak anaerobic power (PP), mean anaerobic power, total work, and fatigue index were evaluated During resting and recovery, blood samples were drawn and plasma pinitol, myo-inositol, chiro-inositol, insulin, free fatty acid, glucose, and lactate levels were analyzed After two weeks, PP and relative PP of the second biking were improved from the first biking in PSG only (p<0.05). No changes were found in all other variables of Wingate test in all groups. No statistical differences between groups and pre- and post-intervention were observed in concentrations of pinitol, myo-inositol, and chiro-inositol, but pinitol concentration was higher during recovery compared to the baseline in all groups and testings (p<0.05). Lactate level during recovery was higher than the resting level, but no other blood parameters were significantly changed. In conclusion, two weeks of pinitol supplementation in conjunction with short duration of anaerobic training in healthy young men did not induce any obvious benefits in terms of anaerobic capacity and energy metabolism Individual and/or population susceptibility may be one factor responsible for adopting pinitol supplementation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.439-444
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• 2007

Using the anaerobic digester gas as a fuel, fuel cells have the potential to provide significant environmental and economic benefits. A molten carbonate fuel cell power plant was installed in the municipal sewage works of Tancheon in Seoul. The fuel cell unit operates on anaerobic digester gas and provides power and heat for the sewage works. This is the first project of its kind in Korea. This article outlines the experiences of gas purification process with planning, installation and operation. The engineering and installation phase is described regarding to the special features of digester gas, for example impurities in gas composition. Such impurities would be harmful to fuel cells. Operational results from the field test with a gas purification process plant are presented in this paper.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.102.2-102.2
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• 2010

We are to evaluate the stabilization technology of actual biogas plant facilities, which is operating currently. It describes the traits of the consistent facilities of mesophilic anaerobic digestion using Unison Biogas plant Recovery system(UBR). Also the economical efficiency is examined with the electric power sales earnings and applying the deserted heating by generating electric power, which is generated by operated combined heat and power using biogas produced by mesophilic anaerobic digestion. We have generated the 481,113kw for electric power and 1,376Gcal for thermal energy simultaneously. If these electric power and thermal energy are converted into diesel, we can achieve savings equal to 114,300L, and 152,109L in the quantity of heat. Finally, if CDM, RPS, liquid fertilizer sales business, etc. is activated, the earnings will be expected to improve dramatically and is considered to contribute a drop of the greenhouse gas.