• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.944-955
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• 2004

The modern society as a high-level information-oriented society lays a great emphasis on lifelong education. It emphasizes all the learners' creative learning ability and various teaching-learning methods as well. We need the self-directed learning to meet these requirements, and one of the solutions is the self-directed teaching-learning process employing the web. Though many educators, so far, developed a number of teaching materials, they are no more than web-based teaching materials for simple learning activities or simple item-bank systems. So, this paper suggests an problem-solving based and self-directed learning system on web in order to overcome such simplicities, and it shows design and implementation of the system. Suggested learning system enables learners to get thinking skill though self-directed control of learning level after they learn the basic concepts and principles on the web as self-directed learning. For example, the system was applied to mathematics education for a middle school students. It supports a test of questions chosen from the item bank in a self-directed way, and helps learners to understand their learning levels for themselves and to solve their questions through on-line discussions with their instructor. The system can also be helpful in improving the learners' learning effects by sharing mutual information through the data room or the Q&A between learners and learners or between learners and instructors.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2010

Objectives and methods : The Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) were published in five journals in 2001 and 2002. These guidelines, in the form of a checklist and explanations for use by authors and journal editors, were designed to improve reporting of acupuncture trials, particularly the interventions, thereby facilitating their interpretation and replication. Subsequent reviews of the application and impact of STRICTA have highlighted the value of STRICTA as well as scope for improvements and revision. To manage the revision process a collaboration between the STRICTA Group, the CONSORT Group, and the Chinese Cochrane Centre was developed in 2008. An expert panel with 47 participants was convened that provided electronic feedback on a revised draft of the checklist. At a subsequent face-to-face meeting in Freiburg, a group of 21 participants further revised the STRICTA checklist and planned dissemination. Results : The new STRICTA checklist, which is an official extension of CONSORT, includes six items and 17 sub-items. These set out reporting guidelines for the acupuncture rationale, the details of needling, the treatment regimen, other components of treatment, the practitioner background, and the control or comparator interventions. In addition, and as part of this revision process, the explanations for each item have been elaborated, and examples of good reporting for each item are provided. In addition, the word "controlled" in STRICTA is replaced by "clinical", to indicate that STRICTA is applicable to a broad range of clinical evaluation designs, including uncontrolled outcome studies and case reports. Conclusions : It is intended that the revised STRICTA, in conjunction with both the main CONSORT Statement and extension for nonpharmacologic treatment, will raise the quality of reporting of clinical trials of acupuncture.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 1995

Reports about the prevalence of premenstrual symptoms state that occurs in 20 to 100% of most reproductive-age women. There is a close association between premenstrual syndrome and affective disorders as well as same some other psychiatric disorders. Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPDD) is a premenstrual condition defined in DSM-III-R by severe mood changes and other symptoms that repeatedly occur only in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. However, DSM-III-R does not specify how to compute the change from the follicular to the luteal phase or how to determine when the amount of change is great enough to warrant the diagnosis nor how to determine occupational or social functional impairment. This study was conducted to evaluate the nature, severity and magnitude of premenstrual syndrome in women with current psychiatric disorders by using prospective Daily Rating Form(DRF), and to measure symptom changes according to three scoring methods for diagnosing LLPDD. Our study obtains the data about premenstrual changes estimated by DRF from 22 women with psychiatric disorders who had met criteria for major depressive syndrome on the Premenstrual Assessment Form (PAF). The data was scored by each three methods and was determined to meet criteria A for LLPDD. The results are as follows: 1) the subjects, when scored according to the percent change method, effect size method and absolute severity method, met the DSM-III-R criteria A for LLPDD in 36.4% (8 subjects), 14% (3 subjects) and 4.5% (1 subject) of the cases respectively. 2) The items of irritability, anger and impatience were occurred most frequently on the DRF, when it was scored according to the three scoring methods. And the item of breast pain was next frequent according to the effect size method and the percent change method but according to the absolute severity method. 3) The PAF item of impaired social functioning was reported by 16 (73%) of the subjects. 4) 4 (18%) of the subjects met criteria A for LLPDD and reported impaired social functioning. The prevalency of LLPDD according to each method varied. The percent change method yielded the greatest (36.4%), and the absolute seventy method yielded the laest (4.5%), The effect size method yielded an intermediate frequency (14%). Therefore, for maximizing the diagnostic accuracy of LLPDD, a diagnostic procedure including a measure of change (e.q., effect size method, percent change method) as well as confirmed diagnosis by DRF, will be needed. Also, an accurate tool to evaluate impaired social functioning will be required.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.655-665
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• 2022

This study evaluated the validity of a newly developed mobility protocol examining the comfort functions and requirements of personal protective equipment (PPE) for COVID-19 healthcare workers. Eight males (age: 24.7 ± 3.0 y, height: 173.4 ± 2.3 cm, and body weight 69.9 ± 3.7 kg) participated in the following three PPE conditions: (1) Plastic gown ensemble, (2) Level D ensemble, and (3) Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) ensemble. The mobility protocol consisted of 10 different tasks in addition to donning and doffing. The 10 tasks were repeated twice at an air temperature of 25oC with 74% RH. The results showed significant differences among the three PPE conditions in mean skin temperature, local skin temperatures (the forehead, thigh, calf, and foot), clothing microclimate (the chest and back), thermal sensation, thermal comfort, and humidity sensation, while there were no significant differences in heart rate or total sweat rate. At rest, the subjects felt less warm and more comfortable in the PAPR than in the Level D condition (P<0.05). However, subjective perceptions in the PAPR and Level D conditions became similar as the tasks progressed and mean skin and leg temperature became greater for the PAPR than the Level D condition (P<0.05). An interview was conducted just after completing the mobility test protocol, and suggestions for improving each PPE item were obtained. To sum up, the mobility test protocol was valid for evaluating the comfort functions of PPE for healthcare workers and obtaining requirements for improving the mobility of each PPE item.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

Objectives : The number of people in Mibyeong state that complain of physical and mental discomfort but without a clear medical diagnosis has rapidly increased, but the conventional medical system is insufficient to care for these people. By establishing an evaluation instrument for Mibyeong state, it will be possible to provide a research base for Mibyeong management system and expand the clinical area of integrative medicine. Methods : Mibyeong Index was designed to measure inconvenience and resilience of subject's complains including four physical symptoms (fatigue, pain, low sleep quality, indigestion) and mental distress include anxiety, anger, depression. A 21-item quality of healthy measure was developed and tested. We used results of a nation-wide stratified sampled adult data in Korea. Results and Conclusions : Mibyeong index had adequate internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was 0.88 in general population(N=1,110). The correlation between establised quality of life questionnaires (including SF-12 and EQ-D5 VAS) and the Mibyeong index were from 0.468 to 0.493. The national promotion of advanced health for an aging society and original Mibyeong care technology based on traditional Korean medicine can be developed by a self-care system that enhancing health before suffering illness. We expect that this instrument could be contribute to health management of people in Mibyeong state.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.134-140
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• 2013

Background The purpose of this study is to analyze the current attitudes toward professionalism, the core values, and the type of professionalism among plastic surgeons in Korea to establish a code of ethics regarding the role of professionalism for plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Methods From March 9, to July 1, 2012, face-to-face and mail surveys were conducted targeting the 325 participants (256 specialists and 69 residents) who are registered members of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. The proportion of each response given to an item was obtained through statistical processing through frequency analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in the responses between the resident group and the specialist group. Results The survey results on the perception of professionalism in plastic surgery showed that a high proportion (90.5%) of the respondents viewed the future of plastic surgeons as bright. Through evaluation of the importance of the value items,"professional dominance" (4.58 pts), "autonomy" (4.45 pts), "lifestyle" (4.34 pts), and "commercialism" (4.31 pts) were assessed as critical values. "Altruism" (3.84 pts), "interpersonal competence" (3.79 pts), and "social justice" (3.61 pts) were viewed as lesser values. This difference showed the characteristics of an entrepreneurial outlook. Conclusions Plastic surgeons should pursue excellence, humanism, accountability, and altruism in order to overcome the crisis of professionalism in plastic surgery. In order to develop the necessary competencies of professionals, vocational education should be arranged by the Korean Society of Plastic Surgeons, and an appropriate code of ethics should be established.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.294-301
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• 2013

Sustainable fashion & textile is more than eco fashion & textile with the concepts for the next generation's happiness, prosumer value, and community responsibility. This study considers methods to enhance fashion and textile industry sustainability in accordance to clothing types (material, product life and washing properties) and to investigate company strategies. Company strategies are of redesign with stock, volunteering & measuring trash amount, participation by evaluation stores, clerk environment education, hiring QC specialist and reinforcing partnerships. For the case of daily innerwear, throwing away and recycling is more efficient for the environment than laundering in the consumer use stage; subsequently, we recommend the use of polypropylene fiber (a cheap and an eco-friendly material) for this item that can be recycled and reformed after use. For the case of single layer clothing (such as sportswear, blouse or pants) we recommend the use of thermoplastic materials with welding or fuse assembling technology instead of a sewing method of seams as well as the recycle design that is simply melted and reformed into new clothing without an after use dissembling process. Secondhand use or resale is suitable for denim/jean items if the clothing has a storytelling or private history tag. Lastly, module-type jacket or coat shows the variety of styles with one clothing worn w/o collar or sleeve details and changed into vest/coat; in addition, it is possible to add or partly tear off some jacket/coat fibers of the felt material to reform it into a new design.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2016

In this study, the case of error became the object of learning, and the investigator applied these cases to an actual class and established three study problems in order to achieve the purpose of this study. The results of analysis of students' errors in figure based on before achievement test are shown as follows: First, the most errors occurred in the figure was the ones from deficient mastery of prerequisite concepts and definitions. Specially, the errors from deficient mastery of prerequisite concepts and definitions have the majority. it is very high ratio even if it considers an influence of an evaluation question item. so, I think it is necessary to teach concept related figure above all. Second, as the results of application 'finding errors' to a class, there is a meaningful difference in the mathematical achievement and reasoning ability within significance level 5%. This means 'finding errors' is one of the teaching method that it develops the mathematical achievement and reasoning ability.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.114-121
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• 2009

The number of the disabled is increasing every year. Growing interest in social welfare, but still the disabled person in places is restricted on the activities are due to obstacles. This study proposes an improvement direction through an research and analysis of installation status of convenient facilities in social welfare halls was planned after that the law of increase of convenience for the disabled person is enforced in 1998. This study analyzed nine social welfare halls of seoul including Yongsan-gu(GW), Guro-gu(GD, HW), Yeongdeungpo-gu(SG), Seodaemun-gu(SD), Dobong-gu(DB), Nowon-gu(NS), Seongbuk-gu(WG) and Dongdaemun-gu(JG). The evaluation criteria for the installation of convenient facilities for the disabled person in each social welfare hall based on the law of increase of convenience for the disabled person, and referred to other data. Also, review the criteria for the installation of convenient facilities, and grasp the present situation through the survey of convenient facilities in social welfare halls, and provides the installation standards of convenient facilities. The result are as followings. There were many problems to be improved in approach of the intermediate space, parking lot, entrance of the inside space and corridor that must be installed for the convenience of the disabled. In the intermediate space, the slope of the ramp, curb, induction handle etc. for a safety must be installed. Parking spaces for the disabled must be located closest to the main entrance, an induction marker or the handle, and the attachment of a directional sign etc. must be improved. In the inside space, it is convenient for the disabled person use to install an automatic door and swing door simultaneously at the main entrance. And, the height of the door handle, an induction block, a braille display panels of the appropriate height in the entrance, a braille display in start and end of the stairs handle, the handle of the side wall, the stairs to prevent slippage etc. must be improved in the corridors. The case of the sanitation which is a recommendation item is equipped formally with disabled toilets are difficult to use. Information and other convenience facilities for the disabled person in all the social welfare halls were not considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2021

The roughness of the road is an important factor directly connected to the ride comfort, and is an evaluation item for functional evaluation and pavement quality management of the road. In this study, data on the road surface were acquired using the latest 3D geospatial information construction technology of ground LiDAR, drone photogrammetry, and drone LiDAR, and the accuracy and roughness of each method were analyzed. As a result of the accuracy evaluation, the average accuracy of terrestrial LiDAR were 0.039m, 0.042m, 0.039m RMSE in X, Y, Z direction, and drone photogrammetry and drone LiDAR represent 0.072~0.076m, 0.060~0.068m RMSE, respectively. In addition, for the roughness analysis, the longitudinal and lateral slopes of the target section were extracted from the 3D geospatial information constructed by each method, and the design values were compared. As a result of roughness analysis, the ground LiDAR showed the same slope as the design value, and the drone photogrammetry and drone LiDAR showed a slight difference from the design value. Research is needed to improve the accuracy of drone photogrammetry and drone LiDAR in measurement fields such as road roughness analysis. If the usability through improved accuracy can be presented in the future, the time required for acquisition can be greatly reduced by utilizing drone photogrammetry and drone LiDAR, so it will be possible to improve related work efficiency.