• 환경생물
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.392-403
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed the distribution characteristics of invasive alien plants on the islands of the Korean Peninsula. Ten species, Rumex acetosella, Sicyos angulatus, Solanum carolinense, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia var. elatior, Ambrosia trifida, Aster pilosus, Eupatorium rugosum, Hypochaeris radicata, Lactuca scariola, and Paspalum distichum were present on 68 islands. These ecosystem-disturbing invasive alien plants appeared extensively on the islands of Gyeonggi province and Jeollanam province. The proportion of the plants on the inhabited islands (41 places, 2.15 species on average) was higher than that on the uninhabited islands (27 places, 1.07 species on average). This means that the distribution of invasive alien plants was closely related to human activity. The distribution of Ambrosia artemisiaefolia var. elatior(32 islands) and Rumex acetosella (31 islands) was the widest, and there were distinct distribution differences according to species. In the island area, the physical environment is poor compared to the mainland, and the native space is limited. Therefore, when invasive alien species enter and settle on the island, the native island plants can be damaged more than those on the mainland. In this regard, the discussion of the distribution of invasive alien plants in the island region can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity in the region.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.79-89
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 단풍잎돼지풀 70% 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 활성을 검증하기 위해 수행되었다. 단풍잎돼지풀 70% 에탄올 추출물의 전자공여능 측정과 ABTS⁺ 라디칼 소거능을 측정한 결과, 1,000 ㎍/ml 농도에서 각각 84.1%와 92.5%의 효과를 나타냈고, 수렴활성 측정을 한 결과 1,000 ㎍/ml 농도에서 94.7%의 효과를 보였다. 단풍잎돼지풀 70% 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과를 측정하기 위해 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)로 유도된 RAW 264.7세포를 사용하여 효과를 측정하였다. 세포에서 단풍잎돼지풀 추출물의 세포독성을 측정하기 위해 MTT assay를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 500 ㎍/ml 농도에서 90% 이상의 생존율을 보였다. Nitric oxide 생산을 억제하는 효과를 측정한 결과, 단풍잎돼지풀 추출물에서 농도가 증가할수록 NO 생성이 감소되는 효과를 확인하였다. 단풍잎돼지풀 추출물의 단백질 발현효과를 western blot을 통해 25, 50, 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 측정하였고, 양성 대조군으로 β-actin을 사용하였다. 그 결과, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 단백질 발현효과는 100 ㎍/ml 농도에서 8.6%, 25.1%의 감소됨을 확인하였다. ERK1/2, p38, JNK와 Iκ-Bα의 단백질발현 효과는 인산화를 통해 확인하였고, 농도의존적으로 감소하였음을 확인하였다. mRNA 발현 억제 효과를 RT-PCR을 통해 25, 50, 100 ㎍/ml의 농도에서 측정하였고, 양성 대조군으로 GAPDH를 사용하였다. 그 결과, LPS로 유도된 대식세포에서 iNOS, COX-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α의 mRNA 발현 억제 효과는 농도가 증가할수록 발현이 감소됨을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 단풍잎돼지풀 추출물은 염증을 억제할 수 있는 가능성이 있는 항염증 소재의 가능성을 증명하였다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.274-283
• /
• 2015

저수지 호안은 생물 침입에 취약하다고 생각된다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 저수지 호안에서 침입식물의 종조성의 현황과 외래식물상과 환경요인 사이의 관계를 파악하는 것이다. 다양한 수위 관리를 하고 있는 35 개 저수지 호안에서 외래식물 식물상과 지형, 수문, 수질 및 토양 환경 요인을 조사하였다. 조사 대상 저수지 호안에서 외래식물은 56 종이 발견되어 출현식물 총종수의 15%를 차지하였다. 이들 외래식물을 도입시기별로 분류하면 1876 - 1921 년인 개항 직후에 도입된 것이 57%로서 많았다. 또한 이들의 원산지는 아메리카와 유럽이 80% 이상으로 많았다. 특이한 분포를 나타내는 외래종은 단풍잎돼지풀 (Ambrosia trifida)이 중부 지역에, 물참새피 (Paspalum distichum)가 남부 지역에 제한적으로 분포하였다. 저수지 호안에서 외래식물 식물상에 영향을 미치는 주요한 환경 요인은 연간 수위변동폭, 중앙수위 범람빈도, 수질오염 지수, 암석노출도 및 평균 사면 경사도이었다. 결론적으로 수위 관리와 기타 인간 교란이 가해지는 저수지 호안은 외래식물의 침입에 취약하였다. 저수지 호안의 효과적인 보전을 위하여 외래식물의 초기 도입을 탐지할 수 있는 주기적 모니터링 체계가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.59-76
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to supply basic data for restoration and management of forests in Civilian Control Zone, with surveying naturalized plants around abandoned military camps. The total study sites are 72 abandoned military camps, from Gosung in east region to Paju in west region of Civilian Control Zone. The naturalized index of total area is 12.6%, and naturalized index of east and middle regions are 12.1% and 8.4%. But its index of west region is 15.9%. These results are due to geographical characteristics. The east and middle regions are in steep mountainous districts, and so but west region is flat district, and so naturalized plants was imported by only army. But west region is in flat districts, and so imported method of naturalized plants is very various. The main naturalized plants are Ambrosia trifida and Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior in Civilian Control Zone. The main dispersion pattern of naturalized plants are gravity dispersion pattern ($D_4$) and wind and water dispersion pattern ($D_1$). The all naturalized plants are photophilic plants in survey sites. And so, if abandoned military camps are recovered to forests, the naturalized plants are disappeared because of the change of sunlight condition. So it is necessary to manage and recover forests, even if that area is Civilian Control Zone.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.61-77
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to offer the basic data for conservation of wetland ecosystem by surveying and analysing the vascular plants distributed in Hwapocheon wetland, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Korea. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 292 taxa including 72 families, 192 genera, 262 species, 1 subspecies, 26 varieties and 3 forms. There were 34 taxa of hydrophytes, 23 taxa of emergent plants, 4 taxa of floating-leaved plants, 5 taxa of free-floating plants and 5 taxa of submerged plants. The rare plants were 7 taxa including Aristolochia contorta, Penthorum chinense, Prunus yedoensis(planting), Ixeris tamagawaensis, Hydrocharis dubia, Iris ensata var. spontanea(planting), Acorus calamus and so forth. The Korean endemic plants were 2 taxa including Salix koriyanagi and Salix pseudolasiogyne. The specific plants by floristic region were 19 taxa including 2 taxa of grade V, 1 taxa of grade IV, 5 taxa of grade III, 2 taxa of grade II and 9 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 62 taxa including Chenopodium album, Astragalus sinicus, Helianthus tuberosus, Panicum dichotomiflorum and so forth. The plants that were expected to spread nationwide were 14 taxa including Cerastium glomeratum, Bidens frondosa, Tagetes minuta, Festuca arundinacea and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 6 taxa including Rumex acetosella, Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Aster pilosus and Lactuca scariola.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.27-53
• /
• 2013

This study is carried out to offer raw data and establish strategy for conservation and restoration of river ecosystem by objective surveying and analysing the flora and vegetation distributed in Hwang river, Gyeongsangnam-do. The flora identified in this site were 406 taxa including 95 families, 252 genera, 360 species, 3 subspecies, 40 varieties and 3 forms. The rare plants were 3 taxa including Sagittaria sagittifolia subsp. leucopetala, Hydrocharis dubia and Acorus calamus. The endemic plants were 4 taxa including Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix koriyanagi, Paulownia coreana and Weigela subsessilis. The specific plants by floristic region were 17 taxa including Salix siuzevii, Poncirus trifoliata, Potamogeton maackianus and so forth. The naturalized plants were 39 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Chenopodium glaucum, Lepidium virginicum, Oenothera erythrosepala, Xanthium canadense, Lolium multiflorum and so forth. The invasive alien plants were Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida. The whole NI and UI were each 9.6% and 13.9%. The hydrophytes were 27 taxa including Marsilea quadrifolia, Nymphaea tetragona, Ceratophyllum demersum, Trapa japonica and so forth. In the results of growth forms of the hydrophytes, emergent species were 14 taxa, 3 taxa of floating-leaved species, 4 taxa of free-floating species and 6 taxa of submerged species. The dominant vegetations were Salix spp. community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites japonica community and Phragmites communis community.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.61-80
• /
• 2012

This study is to offer the basic data for restoration and conservation of wetland ecosystem by surveying and analysing the flora distributed in the Binae marsh, Namhan River, Chungju-si. The flora in the Binae marsh were verified 204 taxa including 48 families, 152 genera, 179 species, 23 varieties and 2 forms. In flora, pteridophyta were 2 taxa including 1 family, 1 genus and 2 species, among angiospermae, dicotyledonae were 153 taxa including 37 families, 110 genera, 138 species, 13 varieties and 2 forms and monocotyledonae were 49 taxa including 10 families, 41 genera, 39 species and 10 varieties. In the result of classifying the life form of flora, megaphanerophytes (M), nanophanerophytes (N) and chamaiphytes (Ch) were each 9 taxa (4.4%), 37 taxa (18.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H), 19 taxa (9.3%) of geophytes (G), 97 taxa (47.6%) of therophytes (Th) and 24 taxa (11.8%) of hydrophytes (HH). The rare plant designated by Korea Forest Service was 1 taxa (Aristolochia contorta), and the endemic plant was 1 taxa (Salix koriyanagi) too. The specific plants by floristic region were 6 taxa. From among these, the species of degree I were 5 taxa including Salix chaenomeloides, Aristolochia contorta, Artemisia selengensis, Cirsium pendulum and Vallisneria natans, and degree III was 1 taxa including Alisma orientale. The naturalized plants were 45 taxa and the invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida. The naturalized index (NI) was about 22.1%, 16.1% of urbanized index (UI) and 27.3% of disturbed index (DI). The extinct species by construction were 17 taxa including Persicaria sagittata, Typha orientalis, Zizania latifolia and so forth. The new-occured species were 14 taxa including Brassica juncea, Thlaspi arvense, Carduus crispus and so forth. The important species among the extinct species were Aristolochia contorta, Alisma orientale and Vallisneria natans.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.153-165
• /
• 2021

The objective of this study was to provide basic data for the conservation of wetland ecosystems in the Civilian Control Zone and the management of Yongyangbo wetlands in South Korea. Yongyangbo wetlands have been designated as protected areas. A field survey was conducted across five sessions between April 2019 and August of 2019. A total of 248 taxa were identified during the survey, including 72 families, 163 genera, 230 species, 4 subspecies, and 14 varieties. Their life-forms were Th (therophytes) - R₅ (non-clonal form) - D₄ (clitochores) - e (erect form), with a disturbance index of 33.8%. Three taxa of rare plants were detected: Silene capitata Kom. and Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim. known to be endangered species, and Aristolochia contorta Bunge, a least-concern species. S. capitata is a legally protected species designated as a Class II endangered species in South Korea. A total of 26 taxa of naturalized plants were observed, with a naturalization index of 10.5%. There was one endemic plant taxon (Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz). In terms of floristic target species, there was one taxon in class V, one taxon in Class IV, three taxa in Class III, five taxa in Class II, and seven taxa in Class I. Three invasive alien species (Ambrosia trifida L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., and Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc) were observed. For continuous conservation of Yongyangbo Wetlands, it is necessary to remove invasive alien plants and block the inflow of non-point pollutants.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제100권2호
• /
• pp.184-201
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 2010년 3월부터 10월까지 춘천시를 도심하천, 하천상류 및 임연부, 도시림지역으로 나누어 귀화 식물 분포현황과 침입특성을 파악하였다. 조사한 결과 춘천시 내의 태백천유역과 도시림의 식물상은 81과 234속 295종 2아종 66변종 18품종 총 381종류가 분포하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이 중 귀화식물은 가시박, 유럽나도냉이, 말냉이, 족제비싸리, 붉은토끼풀, 돼지풀, 단풍잎돼지풀, 미국쑥부쟁이, 애기수영 등 총 41종류가 나타났다. 춘천시 내의 태백천유역과 도시림의 귀화율(NI)과 도시화지수(UI)는 각각 10.79%, 15.30%로 확인되었으며, 귀화식물침입지수(II)는 도심하천지역이 63.41%, 하천상류 및 임연부지역이 97.56%, 도시림지역이 19.51%로 확인되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.34-34
• /
• 2021

과거 식물상에 대한 정보가 없었던 경기도 양주시 장흥면에 위치한 장군봉(425.0 m)의 식물상을 2020년 4월부터 10월까지 총 3회에 걸쳐 조사하였다. 본 조사에서 확인된 조사지 내 관속식물은 양치식물 8과 10속 9종 1변종 10분류군, 나자식물 3과 4속 6종 6분류군, 쌍자엽식물 62과 144속 198종 7아종 16변종 2품종 223분류군, 단자엽식물 6과 29속 38종 1아종 5변종 1픔종 45분류군으로 총 284분류군을 확인할 수 있었다. 장군봉 일대의 특산식물은 은사시나무 (Populus tomentiglandulosa T.B.Lee), 키버들 (Salix koriyanagi Kimura), 병꽃나무 (Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey), 백운산원추리 (Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai)의 4분류군이 분포하고 있었고 산림청에서 지정한 희귀식물로는 취약종 (VU) 등급의 주목 (Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zucc.) 1분류군이 확인되었다. 느릅나무 (Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai)를 포함하여 I등급 10종, 함박꽃나무 (Magnolia sieboldii K.Koch) 등 II등급 4종, 병조희풀 (Clematis heracleifolia DC.) 등 III등급 8종, IV등급에 해당하는 바위말발도리 (Deutzia grandiflora var. baroniana Diels) 등 총 25종이 식물구계학적특정종에 속했다. 침입외래식물은 미국자리공 (Phytolacca americana L.), 유럽점나도나물 (Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.), 청비름 (Amaranthus viridis L.) 등 20분류군을 확인할 수 있었고, 생태계교란야생식물인 환삼덩굴 (Humulus japonicus Sieboid & Zucc.), 돼지풀 (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), 단풍잎돼지풀 (Ambrosia trifida L.), 미국쑥부쟁이 (Aster pilosus Willd.)의 4분류군이 확인되었다.