• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.85-87
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• 1991

Poly[(tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal)-alt-(maleic anhydride)] was synthesized by free radical copolymerizations of the relevant comonomers. The alternating sequence of the copolymer was confirmed by $^1$H-NMR, elemental analysis, and titration of anhydride groups incorporated into the copolymer. Hydrolysis of the copolymer under different conditions resulted in poly[(2-acetoxymethyl-3,4-diacetoxytetrahydropyran-5,6-diyl) (1,2-dicarboxyethylene)] and poly[(2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydropyran-5,6-diyl) (1,2-dicarboxyethylene)]. The cytotoxicities of these polymers measured against normal and tumor cells (3LL, B16) in vitro were found to be higher than that of DIVEMA, a prototype polymer having a high antitumor activity.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.403-408
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• 2005

A new terphenylenevinylene carbazylenevinylene alternating copolymer with the advantage of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), poly(p-phenylene )(PPP) and poly(carbazole) was designed, synthesized and characterized. The polymer structure was confirmed by various spectroscopic analyses and the number average molecular weight ($M_n$) of the obtained polymer was 7,800. The resulting polymer was thermally stable with high glass transition temperature ($T_g$) ($150^{\circ}C$), and was readily soluble in common organic solvents. Cyclic voltammetry study revealed that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the polymer were 5.37 and 2.47 eV, respectively. The ITO/PEDOT/polymer/AI device fabricated from the polymer emitted bright sky blue light with a maximum peak of around 478 nm. The device showed the maximum brightness of 1,200 nW with a turn-on voltage of 7V.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.974-977
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• 2003

A new series of statistical alternating EL copolymer, poly[bis{2-(4-phenylenevinylene)-2-cyanoethenyl}- 9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-yl-alt-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (polymer-I) was synthesized by the modified Heck coupling reaction, and their EL characteristics were also investigated. Double layer polymer light-emitting display (PLED) with the configuration of ITO/PEDOT/polymer/Al devices show maximum brightness and luminous efficiency up to 3000 $cd/m^{2}$ at 30 V and 0.07 lm/W at 21 V, respectively.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1989년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.356-358
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• 1989

Linear and nonlinear complex permittivities have been measured for an alternating copolymer of vinylidene cyanide(VSCN) with vinyl propionale(VPr). It is found that the third order permittivity ${\varepsilon}_3$ depends upon frequency according to a function V ${\varepsilon}_3$/ ${1+(j{\omega}{\tau}_3)^{\beta}}^3$ while the linear permittivity ${\varepsilon}_1$obeys a Debye type function ${\nabla}{\varepsilon}_1$/ {1+$(j{\omega}{\tau}_1)^{\beta}$}. Experimental results are well fitled by predicted functions except at low frequency where dc conduction dominates. The relaxation times ${\tau}_1$ and ${\tau}_3$ at same teperature are nealy equal and depend upon temperature according to WLF form. The relaxation strengths ${\nabla}{\varepsilon}_1$ and ${\nabla}{\varepsilon}_3$ have a peak at the vicinity of glass transition temperature (Tg). The strength ${\nabla}{\varepsilon}_1$ has a value of -9 order and ${\nabla}{\varepsilon}_3$ has a negative value of -25 order. The analysis of mechanism by combined knowledge about linear and nonlinear permittivities and dipole moment gives us an imformation of the electrical and thermal dipolar motions in this copolymer.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.531-536
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• 2011

블록 공중합체/단일중합체 블렌드에서 단일중합체의 농도와 분자량 변화에 따른 단일중합체의 분포 경향을 알아 보았다. 중수소화 폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트) 또는 폴리스티렌을 중수소화 폴리스티렌-폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트) 이중 블록 공중합체에 20 wt%까지 혼입하였다. 시료들은 소각 X-선 산란, 중성자 반사율 및 투과 전자 현미경으로 조사하였다. 실리콘 웨이퍼에 스핀 코팅하여 얇은 필름 상으로 제조한 블록 공중합체는 기질 표면에 대해 평행하게 배향된 라멜라 모폴로지를 형성하였다. 블록 공중합체의 미세 도메인 구조는 단일중합체의 부가에 의해 상당히 교란되었다. 그 결과로 단일중합체의 농도가 15 wt% 이상인 경우에는 배열 질서도가 낮은 라멜라 모폴로지가 나타났다. 단일공중합체의 농도나 분자량이 증가하면 단일중합체가 미세 도메인을 불균일하게 팽윤시키면서 보다 많은 단일중합체가 미세 도메인의 중앙 부위로 이동하였다.

• 한국광과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광과학회 1999년도 학술대회지
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• pp.88-88
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• 1999

• 공업화학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.133-136
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• 2008

온실 가스 가운데 하나인 이산화탄소를 줄이기 위한 연구의 일환으로 이산화탄소와 산화 스틸렌을 원료로 하고 zinc glutarate를 촉매로 하여 poly(styrene carbonate)를 합성하였다. 여러 가지 분광학적인(FT-IR, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, GC-MS) 분석결과 교대 공중합체임이 확인되었으며, MALDI법에 의하여 분자량($\bar{M}_n$)은 $5.0{\times}10^4$이며, 유리전이온도는 $88^{\circ}C$이고, 융융점은 $240^{\circ}C$로 밝혀졌다. 이 고분자를 열분해하면 고리형 카보네이트인 styrene carbonate가 생성되는 것도 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.318-323
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• 1997

ο-(2-Vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (3a) and methyl ο-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)-benzylidenecyanoacetate (3b), m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (4a), and methyl m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (4b) were prepared by the condensation of ο-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (1) and m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (2) with malononitrile or methyl cyanoacetate, respectively. Bifunctional vinyl ether monomers 3a and 3b polymerized quantitatively with radical initiators in γ-butyrolactone solution at 65 ℃, while meta-isomers 4a and 4b gave lower yields of polymers under the same conditions. The polymers 5-6 obtained from the monomers 3-4 were insoluble in common solvents due to cross-linking. Under the same polymerization conditions ethyl vinyl ether polymerized well with model compounds ο-methoxybenzylidenemalononitrile 7a, methyl ο-methoxybenzylidenecyanoacetate 7b, m-methoxybenzylidenemalononitrile 8a, and methyl m-methoxybenzylidenecyanoacetate 8b, respectively, to give 1:1 alternating copolymers 9-10 in high yields. Cross-linked polymers 5-6 showed a thermal stability up to 300 ℃, and showed a double phase degradation pattern in their TGA thermograms. Polymers 5-6 showed broad endothermic bands around 75-110 ℃ without any characteristic Tg peaks in DSC thermograms. Alternating copolymers 9-10, except copolymer 9b were soluble in common organic solvents. The inherent viscosities of polymer 9-10 were in the range of 0.35-0.62 dL/g. Polymer films cast from acetone solution were cloudy and tough and Tg values obtained from DSC thermograms were in the range of 118-165 ℃.

• 폴리머
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 전자가 풍부한 구조단위(dithienosilole 및 benzodithiophene)와 전자가 부족한 구조단위(difluorobenzothiadiazole)를 주사슬에 교대로 갖는 작은 밴드갭 공중합체를 Stille 짝지움 반응을 이용하여 합성하였다. $^1H$ NMR을 통하여 각 단계별 화합물과 고분자의 구조를 확인하였다. GPC, TGA, UV-vis 분광분석기 및 cyclic voltammetry를 이용하여 합성한 고분자의 특성을 조사하였다. 합성한 공액고분자와 $PC_{70}BM$을 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, 1:3.5 및 1:4의 중량비로 혼합하여 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:$PC_{70}BM/Al$의 구조로 유기태양전지 소자를 제작하여 그 광전특성을 조사하였다. 고분자:$PC_{70}BM$의 혼합비율이 1:3에서 최고 1.0%의 광전변환효율이 달성되었다. TEM 실험을 통하여 1:3 혼합비율에서 유기태양전지에 가장 적합한 나노규모로 상분리가 일어났으며, 다른 혼합비율에서는 고분자와 $PC_{70}BM$의 뭉침현상에 기인하여 태양전지 특성이 낮아졌다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2001

A series of poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene-alt-3-alkyl-2,5-thienylenevinylene)s (alkyl = hexyl [PPV-alt-6-TV] and octyl (PPV-alt-8-TV] group) have been synthesized by the Heck coupling reaction. These polymers were characterized using $^1$H-NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TCA). They are solvent processible and have obviously copolymeric structure. The photophysical properties of the polymers were investigated using UV-visible and steady-state photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy. We studied the change of light-emitting properties by incorporating the thiophene group into the PPV polymer backbone using alternating copolymer system. The properties of two synthesized polymers are very similar, but they exhibited apparent changes of light-emitting properties compared with other PPV backbone based polymers. The broad absorption bands from 350 to 570 nm are due to $\pi$-$\pi$* transitions of the polyconjugated systems. The absorption maxima of the two polymers were found at about 452 and 448 nm for PPV-alt-6-TV and PPV-alt-8-TV, respectively. The copolymers showed broad PL spectra between 550 and 700 nm without vibronic bands and PL emission maxima of PPV-alt-6-TV and PPV-alt-8-TV are about 620 and 605 nm, respectively. The copolymers exhibited the red emission (PPValt-6-TV), but more red shifted emissions are needed to obtain real red color.