• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1135-1142
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• 2015

Multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure thin films consisting of ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers are produced by alternating the pulsed laser ablation of ZnO and $SnO_2$ targets, and their structural and field-effect electronic transport properties are investigated as a function of the thickness of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers. The performance parameters of amorphous multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure thin-film transistors (TFTs) are highly dependent on the thickness of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers. A highest electron mobility of $43cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, a low subthreshold swing of a 0.22 V/dec, a threshold voltage of 1 V, and a high drain current on-to-off ratio of $10^{10}$ are obtained for the amorphous multilayered ZnO(1.5nm)-$SnO_2$(1.5 nm) heterostructure TFTs, which is adequate for the operation of next-generation microelectronic devices. These results are presumed to be due to the unique electronic structure of amorphous multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure film consisting of ZnO, $SnO_2$, and ZnO-$SnO_2$ interface layers.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2005

본 연구는 스캔 구동 회로의 변화에 따른 교류형 플라즈마 표시기의 구동 특성에 관한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 교류형 플라즈마 표시기의 용량성 부하 특성을 활용하여 스캔 라인 당 소요되는 스위치의 수를 줄일 수 있는 회로를 제안하고 그 적용 가능성을 고찰하였다. 제안된 방식의 실용화 가능성에 대한 검증을 위하여 방전 유지 전압의 변화에 따라 어드레싱 전압의 변화를 관찰하여 동적 전압 마진을 측정한 결과, 기존 방식에 비하여 9[V] 가량의 전압마진 감소가 관찰되었다. 이는 제안된 방식의 경우 선택된 전극의 스캔 기간에 이웃한 전극에 전위에 영향을 줌으로써 상호 간섭이 유발되는 효과에 의한 것으로 해석되었다. 최소 어드레싱 전압과 어드레싱 방전의 방전 지연 시간에 변화가 없는 점을 감안하면 제안된 방식의 실제 회로 적용은 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권10호
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• pp.1523-1527
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• 2015

Traction power is supplied by three-phase alternating current of 154 kV power grid and electric trains are operated on single phase feeding system. It becomes important to use all the three phases equally and convert them into two-phase electric power (90 degree phase rotation) for traction supply. This is achieved by special transformer from the adjacent traction substation which is separated by a neutral section. Neutral section locations are in front of the substation and between the two substations. The first stage of the Seoul-Busan high-speed railway, design curve radius is larger than 7,000 m and the greatest slope is 25‰. The railway track conditions are evaluated as good enough to install a neutral section at the first stage, but a few factors of coasting operation of the train should be considered at the second stage of Seoul-Busan high-speed railway. The neutral section was located at Kim-cheon substation, which made some neutral section problems produced by the operating train, and the neutral section was moved about 1.5 km to the south toward Dong Dae-gu station due to the track operation condition. Some of the trains which stopped at the existing Kim-cheon Gu-mi station produced another motor block failure after moving the neutral section. In this paper, power quality, system performance and track condition, etc. are suggested to solve the problems.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.842-847
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• 1998

Ohmic heating은 식품에 교류 전류를 흘려줄 때 식품 내부에 전기 저항열이 발생되는 것을 이용한 것으로, 이를 기존의 수해동법에 적용하여 해동시간의 단축과 그에 따른 품질 향상 효과를 연구하였다. 자체 제작한 ohmic 수해동 장치에 동결육$(10{\times}10{\times}10{\;}cm)$을 넣고 해동 실험하였다. 윗면이 개방된 acryl box$(12{\times}12{\times}12{\;}cm)$를 용기로 사용하였으며, stainlesssteel 전극$(10{\times}10{\;}cm)$을 양쪽 벽면에 설치하였다. 용기 내 물의 온도를 $20^{\circ}C$ 또는 $10^{\circ}C$로 고정하였다. 해동시간은 동일한 주파수(60 Hz)에서 전압을 높여줄수록$(60{\sim}210{\;}V)$ 단축되었으며, 수해동만을 한 경우에 비해 최고 1/4 이상 단축되었다. 동일한 전압에서 주파수가 높아질수록 $(60{\sim}60{\;}kHz)$ 해동시간이 단축되었으나 그 효과는 크지 않았다. 수해동만을 한 경우나 높은 전압을 적용한 경우보다 낮은 전압을 적용한 경우 drip loss가 적었고 보수력이 우수하였다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.799-802
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• 2008

General behaviors based on hydraulic characteristics of natural streams and channels have been recently analyzed and developed via various numerical models. However in the states of natural hydraulics, an experimental research must be performed simultaneously with the mathematical analysis due to effects of hydraulic properties such as meander, sediment, and so on. In this study based on 2-D advection-dispersion equation, flow and tracer experiments were performed in the S-curved meandering laboratory channel with a rectangular cross-section. The channel was equipped with instrument carriages which was equipped with an auto-traversing system to be used with velocity measuring sensors throughout the depth and breadth of the flow field. To measure concentration distribution of the salt solution was adjusted to that of the flume water by adding methanol and a red dye (KMnO4) was added to aid the visualization of the tracer cloud, the tracer was instantaneously injected into the flow as a full-depth vertical line source by the instantaneous injector and the initial concentration of the tracer was 100,000 mg/l. The secondary current as well as the primary flow pattern was analyzed to investigate the flow distribution in the meandering channels. The velocity distribution of the primary flow for all cases skewed toward the inner bank at the first bend, and was almost symmetric at the crossovers, and then shifted toward the inner bank again at the next alternating bend. Thus, one can clearly notice that the maximum velocity occurs taking the shortest course along the channel, irrespective of the flow conditions. The result of the tracer tests shows that pollutant clouds are spreading following the maximum velocity lines in each cases with various mixing patterns like superposition, separation, and stagnation of pollutant clouds. Flow characteristics in each cases performed in this study can be compared with tracer dispersion characteristics with using evaluation of longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients(LDC, TDC). As expected, LDC and TDC in meandering parts have been evaluated with increasing distribution and straight parts have effected to evaluate minimum of LDC and TDC due to symmetric flow patterns and attenuations of secondary flow.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 저내압 반도체 공정으로 제작 가능한 교류 구동 LED 드라이버 IC를 설계하여, 그 성능들에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 교류 220V에서 직접 구동하기 위한 드라이버 IC를 제작하기 위하여 500V 이상의 항복전압을 만족하는 반도체 제조공정이 필요하다. 고내압 반도체 제조공정은 일반적인 저내압 반도체 공정보다 매우 높은 제조비용을 요구한다. 따라서 낮은 내압의 소자를 구현하는 반도체 공정기술로도 제작할 수 있도록 LED 드라이버 IC를 직렬로 설계하였다. 이는 입력전압이 고전압이라도 각 LED 블록마다 전압이 나누어 인가되는 것을 가능하게 한다. LED 조명회로는 220V에서 96%의 역률을 나타내고 있다. pnp 트랜지스터를 이용한 역률 개선 회로에서는 99.7%의 아주 높은 역률을 얻을 수 있으며, 입력전압의 변동과 관계없이 매우 안정된 동작을 보여주었다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2022

The ultraviolet-C emitting praseodymium doped yttrium phosphate (YPO₄:Pr³⁺) powder was synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction. The electroluminescence device was fabricated by simple screen-printing method using the synthesized YPO₄:Pr³⁺ powder, especially, polyvinylidene fluoride as an insulating layer was applied on the printed YPO₄:Pr³⁺ powder for stable performance of the electroluminescence. The electroluminescence properties were investigated under alternating current power system of 400 Hz. The device starts to emit at 350 V, which showed the ultraviolet-C emission peaking at the 233, 245, 264, 273 nm attributed to electronic transition of the Pr³⁺ ions. The electroluminescence intensity was increased as increasing the operating voltage and the device revealed stable performance up to 600 V due to the polyvinylidene fluoride serve as a protective layer.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.557-565
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• 2022

The effect of flow configuration in ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell are investigated by using a three-dimensional numerical model. Typical flow configurations including co-flow and counter-flow are considered. The ammonia is directly fed into the stack without any external reforming process, resulting in an internal decomposition of NH3 in the anode electrode of the stack. The result showed that temperature profile in the case of counter-flow is more uniform than the co-flow configuration. The counter-flow cell, the temperature is highest at the middle of the channel while in the case of co-flow, the temperature is continuously increased and reached maximum value at the outlet area. This leads to a higher averaged current density in counter-flow compared to that of co-flow, about 5%.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2023

본 논문은 110V 이하의 낮은 직류 및 교류전원을 이용하여 보리종자의 발아율을 높이는 방법에 관한 것이다. 여기서 사용된 실험장치는 평행평판이며, 정전기장의 크기를 키우기 위하여 평판의 밑면을 위면 크기보다 더 넓도록 설계하였다. 결과적으로 평판에 공급된 정전기장의 크기는 3종류로 첫 번째 400V/cm에서 600V/cm까지, 두 번째 600V/cm에서 900V/cm까지, 그리고 세 번째 2200V/cm에서 2400V/cm까지 만들었다. 평행평판의 내부에서 정전기장을 해석하기 위한 방법으로 유한차분법을 적용하였다. 본 논문에서 실험에 사용된 식물종자는 국내에서 생산된 보리종자를 사용하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 정전기장을 이용한 보리종자의 평균 발아율은 57%이고, 2.45GHz의 마이크로파를 이용한 경우는 65%이며, 대조군의 경우는 31%의 결과가 나왔다. 정전기장을 이용한 경우와 2.45GHz의 마이크로파를 이용한 경우의 중요한 차이점은 건식방법과 습식방법이다. 이 두 방법을 실질적인 종자발아에 적용할 경우는 각각 실험방법의 장단점을 고려하여 적합한 방식을 선택해야 한다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2024

Steady-state visual evoked potential-based brain-computer interface (SSVEP-BCI) is one of the promising systems that can serve as an alternative input device due to its stable and fast performance. However, one of the major bottlenecks is that some individuals exhibit no or very low SSVEP responses to flickering stimulation, known as SSVEP illiteracy, resulting in low performance on SSVEP-BCIs. However, a lengthy duration is required to enhance multiple SSVEP responses using traditional single-frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). This research proposes a novel approach using dual-frequency tACS (df-tACS) to potentially enhance SSVEP by targeting the two frequencies with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each participant. Seven participants (five males, average age: 24.42) were exposed to flickering checkerboard stimuli at six frequencies to determine the weakest SNR frequencies. These frequencies were then simultaneously stimulated using df-tACS for 20 minutes, and the experiment was repeated to evaluate changes in SSVEP responses. The results showed that df-tACS effectively enhances the SNR at each targeted frequency, suggesting it can selectively improve target frequency responses. The study supports df-tACS as a more efficient solution for SSVEP illiteracy, proposing further exploration into multi-frequency tACS that could stimulate more than two frequencies, thereby expanding the potential of SSVEP-BCIs.