• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.57-62
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• 1998

The objectice of this study is to dvaluate the physical condition response of a drever by the change of CO$^{2}$ concentration in the automobile with EEG spectrum analysis. The experiment was performed in a semi-shielded simulated automobile with 10 healthy adults. The results showed that as CO$_{2}$ concentration increased from 500ppm to 6,000ppm, the $\alpha$' value significantly decreased(p*<0.05) while $\beta$' increased (p*<0.05). In a real parked automobile with 2 adult passengers, the CO$_{2}$ gas concintration reached at 6,000ppm in 15 minutes. These spectral data are in well agreement with the subject's verval statement of experiencing uncomfortableness when CO$_{2}$gas was increased ti over 5,000ppm. These results indecated that the EEG spectrum analysis can be appropriately used to assess physical condition of a driver in the changing automobile environment.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 1995

The capacity of inclusion complex formation between ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, ${\gamma}$-cyclodextrins(CDs) and various compounds, such as pH indicators, biloslalns, glycoside, amino acid, and fatty acids, was compared. Fatty acid was identified as the most suitable ligand for fractionation of CDs in terms of capacity and selectivity. The effects of complex formation conditions, such as, mixing ratio of CD and fatty acid, pH, ionic strength, and temperature, on the capacity of fatty acrid-CD complex was also investigated. The carbon number of fatty acids was identified as the most significant factor determining the capacity and selectivity of inclusion complex formation of CDs. Capric acid(C10) and palmitic acid(C16) showed high specificity for ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-CDs, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the molar ratio of complex formed was found to be 1.0:2.6 for ${\alpha}$-CD/capric acid and 1.0:1.9 for ${\beta}$-CD/palmitic acid. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectrum of the formed inclusion complex were analyzed. The changes of enthalpy($\Delta$H) of the inclusion complex formation reaction was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, showed that the reaction was endothermic.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2003

In Lee, Kang & Byun (2001) the discovery of Raman scattered 6545 A feature was reported in symbiotic stars and the planetary nebula M2-9. The broad emission feature around 6545 A is formed as a result of Raman scattering of He II n = 6 $\to$ n = 2 photons by atomic hydrogen. In this paper, we introduce a method to compute the equivalent width of He II $\lambda$ 1025 line and present an optical spectrum of the symbiotic star RR Telescopii as an example for a detailed illustration. In this spectrum, we pay attention to the broad H$\alpha$ wings and the Raman scattered He II 6545 feature. The broad Ha wings are also proposed to be formed through Raman scattering of continuum around Ly$\beta$ by Lee (2000), and therefore we propose that the equivalent width of the He II $\lambda$ 1025 emission line is obtained by a simple comparison of the strengths of the 6545 feature and the broad H$\alpha$ wings. We prepare a template H$\alpha$ wing profile from continuum radiation around Ly$\beta$ with the neutral scattering region that is supposed to be responsible for the formation of Raman scattered He II 6545 feature. Isolation of the 6545 feature that is blended with [N II] $\lambda$ 6548 is made by using the fact that [N II] $\lambda$ 6584 is always 3 times stronger than [N II] $\lambda$ 6548. We also fit the 6545 feature by a Gaussian which has a width 6.4 times that of the He II $\lambda$ 6527 line. A direct comparison of these two features for RR Tel yields the equivalent width $EW_{Hel025} = 2.3{\AA}$ of He II $\lambda$ 1025 line. Even though this far UV emission line is not directly observable due to heavy interstellar extinction, nearby He II lines such as He II $\lambda$ 1085 line may be observed using far UV space instruments, which will verify this calculation and hence the origins of various features occurring in spectra around H$\alpha$.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.39-58
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• 2004

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal acupuncture at the PC6(Naegwan) on the EEC of normal human being by using power spectral analysis. Methods : EEC power spectrum exhibit site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, power spectrum was used as a measure of complexity. 32 channel EEC study was carried out in 11 subjects (11 males; age=27.8 years). Results : In ${\alpha}(alpha)$ band, the power values at T3, TT1, CP1, T5, Po2, O1, Oz channels(p<0.05) during the PC6-acupoint treatment were increased significantly. In ${\beta}(beta)$ band, the power values at TT1, CP1, T5, P3, Po2, O1, Oz channels(p<0.05) during the PC6-acupoint treatment were increased significantly. In ${\theta}(theta)$ band, the power values at T3, TT1, CP1, Po2, O1, Oz channels(p<0.05) during the PC6-acupoint treatment were increased significantly. In ${\delta}(delta)$ band, the power values at F4, T3, CP1, O1, Oz, O2 channels(p<0.05) during the PC6-acupoint treatment were increased significantly. Conclusions : This results suggest that Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbalacupuncture at the PC6 is significantly in ${\alpha}(alpha)$ band.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.123-130
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• 2010

Electroencephalogram(EEG) would be the most objective psychophysiological research technique on human errors though few research has been taken yet. This study aimed to get characteristics of human error while committing simple Odd-Ball tasks by utilizing the power spectrum technique of EEG data. Each experiment was composed of 3 tasks with different rules, and 8 young undergraduate students participated in this study as paid subjects. The result showed in the affirmative that subject and the interaction of subject and task factors were statistically significant on variation of $\alpha$ band power $P_{\alpha/(\alpha+\beta+\theta)}$ and $\beta$ band power $P_{\beta/(\alpha+\beta+\theta)}$, and that the former increasing in backward direction to Pz reflects compatibility whereas the latter increasing in forward direction to Fz reflects familiarity. Therefore it was coucluded that, since task 2 carried out in the present research requiring decoding process would be more difficult to human beings than the task merely requiring psychological recall process, task 1 and task 3 were classified into a homogenious group excluding task 2, and the ratio $\alpha$ band power to $\beta$ band power indicated enormous increase of $\alpha$ band power relative to $\beta$ band power in the cases of contra-lateral errors, especially in task 2.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.318-320
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• 1986

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.497-505
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• 2003

This paper describes a computational approach to the quantification of primary damage under irradiation and demonstrates the effect of neutron energy spectra on the formation of the displacement cascade. The development of displacement cascades in ${\alpha}-Iron$ has been simulated using the MOLDY code - a molecular dynamics code for simulating radiation damage. The primary knock-on atom energy, key input to the MOLDY code, was determined from the SPECTER code calculation on two neutron spectra. The two neutron spectra include; (i) neutron spectrum in the instrumented irradiation capsule of the high-flux advanced neutron application reactor (HANARO), and (ii) neutron spectrum at the inner surface of the reactor pressure vessel steel for the Younggwang nuclear power plant No.5 (YG 5). Minor differences in the normalized neutron spectra between the two spectra produce similar values of PKA energy, which are 4.7 keV for HANARO and 5.3 keV for YG 5. This similarity implies that primary damage to the components of the commercial nuclear reactors should be well simulated by irradiation in the HANARO. Moreover, the application of the MD calculations corroborates this statement by comparing cascades simulation results.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.164-175
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• 1997

In this paper, the CE-OQPSK that has constant envelope was designed for applying PSK to the nonlinear amplifier so as to improve power efficiency. For this realization. ROM and D/A converter that have relative low power consumption were used. As a result of comparing the PSD (Power spectrum density) of CE-OQPSK with that of conventional OQPSK through simulation for estimating the performance. In case of correlation factor ${\alpha}$ = 0.707. the improvement of bandwidth efficiency of 5% and 20% is achieved in the main lobe and the sidelobe, respectively. And, in case additional bandwidth-limiting-filter is added, it can be shown that the PSD of CE-OQPSK meet the FCC wireless LAN spectrum specification.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.306-310
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• 2004

In this paper, we proposed a capacity enhancement method using TCM-128QAM modulation and bandwidth extension of 25MHz in HDR-WPAN (high data rate wireless personal area network) system. In case using TCM-128 QAM modulation scheme, we can obtain maximum 66Mbps transmission rate in bandwidth of 15MHz. If extend bandwidth by 25MHz and roll-off coefficient ${\alpha}=0.35$, we can obtain maximum 110Mbps transmission rate. These results are confirmed through PSD(power spectrum density) analysis and BER (bit error rate) performance.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 1999

The effects of an antipsychotic, chlorpromazine, on the electroencephalogram (EEG) were observed while rats were awake but immobile. The time course and the dose-dependency of the EEG changes were examined. The method of the power spectrum analysis was used to examine the EEG changes by the drug. The bands were divided into delta $(1{\sim}3.5\;Hz),$ theta $(3.5{\sim}8\;Hz),$ alpha $(8{\sim}13\;Hz),$ beta1 $(13{\sim}21\;Hz),$ beta2 $(21{\sim}30\;Hz)$ and gamma $(30{\sim}50\;Hz).$ In rats, the low dose of chlropromazine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant increase in the power of the beta1 band. The higher doses (5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant increase in the power of the delta, theta, alpha and beta1 bands, and the decrease in the power of the gamma band. The powers of the bands changed dose-dependently. Then, the authors discussed whether the EEG effects produced by a drug are associated with the accompanying behavioral changes specifically.