• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2000

Effect of alloy elements on joinability of insert metal for liquid phase diffusion bonding of heat resistant alloys was investigated in this study. Also, optimum chemical composition of insert metal was explained using interpolation method. The insert metals utilized was commercial Ni-base amorphous foils and newly developed Ni-base filler metals with B, Si and Cr in this study. Melting point and critical interlayer width(CIW) decreased with increasing additional amount of B, Si and Cr, melting point lowering element of the insert metal. Optimized chemical composition of insert metals could be estimated by interpolation method. The optimum amount of B, Si, Cr addition into the insert metal were found to be about 3%, 4% and 3%, respectively. The measured characteristic values, melting point, microhardness in the bonded interlayer and CIW of the insert metals were the almost identical to ones of the calculated results by interpolation method.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.197-210
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• 1999

The hydrogen storage performance and electrochemical properties of $Zr_{1-X}Ti_X(Mn_{0.2}V_{0.2}Ni_{0.6})_{1.8}$(X=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) alloys are investigated. The relationship between discharge performance and alloy characteristics such as P-C-T characteristics and crystallographic parameters is also discussed. All of these alloys are found to have mainly a C14-type Laves phase structure by X-ray diffraction analysis. As the mole fraction of Ti in the alloy increases, the reversible hydrogen storage capacity decreases while the equilibrium hydrogen pressure of alloy increases. Furthermore, the discharge capacity shows a maxima behavior and the rate-capability is increased, but the cycling durability is rapidly degraded with increasing Ti content in the alloy. In order to analyze the above phenomena, the phase distribution, surface composition, and dissolution amount of alloy constituting elements are examined by S.E.M., A.E.S. and I.C.P. respectively. The decrease of secondary phase amount with increasing Ti content in the alloy explains that the micro-galvanic corrosion by multiphase formation is little related with the degradation of the alloys. The analysis of surface composition shows that the rapid degradation of Ti-substituted Zr base alloy electrode is due to the growth of oxygen penetration layer. After comparing the radii of atoms and ions in the electrolyte, it is clear that the electrode surface becomes more porous, and that is the source of growth of oxygen penetration layer while accelerating the dissolution of alloy constituting elements with increasing Ti content. Consequently, the rapid degradation (fast growth of the oxygen-penetrated layer) with increasing Ti substitution in Zr-based alloy is ascribed to the formation of porous surface oxide through which the oxygen atom and hydroxyl ion with relatively large radius can easily transport into the electrode surface.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1985

Development of a dental Ni-Cr alloy system for porcelain veneering crown and bridge was studied in this research. The principles of alloy design were a) It should not contain toxic beryllium. b) It should have low melting Point. c) It should be easily ground and polished. d) It should possess an adequate strength to resist the deformational force In the mouth. e) It should be bondable Ivith porcelain by chemically. After investigating the effect of minor elements such as boron and rare earth metals on the mechanical properties of the Ni-Cr alloy system, the compromised ideal composition for dental use was determined. The composition was l9.6%, Cr, 5.6% Mo, 3.4% Si, 1, 0% Fe, 0.01% Ti, 0.5-1.0% B, 0.2-0.6% misch metal, balance Ni. To compare the performance of experimental alloy with commercially available alloys, the properties such as strength, melting point, and bond strength were measured. The results Ivere as follows: a) Boron increases the strength of the alloy but reduces the elongation. b) Misch metal increases the strength when the boron content is low, but does not increase the strength when boron content is high. And it reduces the elongation drastically, c) Mechanical strength of the experimental alloy was not superior to commercially available Be containing alloy, but handling performance such as castability, ease of granting and polishing, and cuttability were superior to the Be containing alloy.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2006

The chemical composition and the semiconducting properties of the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in various film formation conditions were investigated by XPS, photocurrent measurement, and Mott-Schottky analysis. The XPS and photocurrent spectra showed that the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in pH 8.5 buffer solution at ambient temperature, in air at $400^{\circ}C$, and in PWR condition comprise $Cr_2O_3$, $Cr(OH)_3$, ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$, NiO, and $Ni(OH)_2$. The thermally grown oxide in air and the passive film formed at high potential (0.3 $V_{SCE}$) in pH 8.5 buffer solution were highly Cr-enriched, whereas the films formed in PWR condition and that formed at low potential (-0.3 $V_{SCE}$) in pH 8.5 buffer solution showed relatively high Ni content and low Cr content. The Mott-Schottky plots exhibited n-type semiconductivity, inferring that the semiconducting properties of the passive films formed on Alloy 690 in various film formation conditions are dominated by Cr-substituted ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$. The donor density, i.e., concentration of oxygen vacancy, was measured to be $1.2{\times}10^{21}{\sim}4.6{\times}10^{21}cm^{-3}$ and lowered with increase in the Cr content in the passive film.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2012

In this study, we have investigated the surface morphology of hydroxyapatite (HA) coated Ti alloy surface using pulsed laser plating. The HA (tooth ash) films were grown by pulsed KrF excimer laser, film surfaces were analyzed for topology, chemical composition, crystal structure and electrochemical behavior. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy showed ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ phase, Cp-Ti showed ${\alpha}$ phase and the HA coated surface showed HA and Ti alloy peaks. The HA coating layer was formed with $1-2{\mu}m$ droplets and grain-like particles, particles which were smaller than the HA target particle, and the composition of the HA coatings were composed of Ca and P. From the electrochemical test, the pitting potential (1580 mV) of HA coated Ti-6Al-4V alloy was higher than those of Cp-Ti (1060 mV) and HA coated Cp-Ti (1350 mV). The HA coated samples showed a lower current density than non-HA coated samples, whereas, the polarization resistance of HA coated samples showed a high value compared to non-HA coated samples.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 Au 와 Sn을 rf-magnetron sputter를 이용하여 다층막(multilayer)과 동시증착(Co-sputter)방법으로 스퍼터링하여 기판위에 AuSn 솔더를 형성하였고, 솔더의 조성제어와 특성 분석을 통해 Sn rich AuSn 솔더의 형성 기술에 대하여 연구하였다. AuSn 솔더를 형성하기 앞서 Au와 Sn에 대하여 단일 금속 증착을 하였다. 이를 토대로 AuSn솔더를 증착하기 위한 실험 조건을 확보하였다. 증착변수로는 기판의 온도, rf 전력과 두께 비를 이용하였다. 다층막의 경우, 고온의 기판에서 솔더 합금의 표면거칠기와 조성이 보다 정확하게 제어되었다. 이에 비해 동시증착 솔더는 기판의 온도에 의한 조성의 변화가 거의 없었으나, rf전력에 의해서 조성이 보다 쉽게 제어할 수 있었다. 여기에 더해, 동시 증착 솔더 박막의 대부분은 증착동안에 금속간 화합물로 변화한 것을 알 수 있었다. 화합물의 종류는 XRD로 분석하였다. 형성된 솔더 박막을 플럭스를 이용하지 않고 리드프레임에 접합하여 접합강도를 측정하였다. 다층형의 경우 Au 10wt%의 조건에서 최대 $33(N/mm^2)$ 전단응력을 나타내었으며, 동시증착형은 Au 5wt%에서 $460(N/mm^2)$ 전단응력을 나타내었다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.146-159
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 강진 고성사 청동보살좌상을 대상으로 과학적 분석을 통해 불상의 제작기술 및 납 원료산지에 대한 연구를 실시하였다. 불상에서 수습한 극미량의 시료를 대상으로 미세조직 관찰결과 주조 공정을 통해 제작되었음을 알 수 있었다. 이어 SEM-EDS를 통한 합금조성비 분석결과 구리(Cu) 81.26wt% 주석(Sn) 16.42wt%, 납(Pb) 1.72wt%의 삼원계 합금으로 확인되었다. 열이온화질량분석기(TIMS)를 이용한 납동위원소비 분석결과를 한반도 납동위원소비 분포도에 대입한 결과 전라도와 충청도 지역, 경상남·북도 지역에 도시되었다. 불상이 봉안된 강진 고성사는 해당영역의 사이에 위치하고 있다. 이러한 과학적 분석결과를 종합해 볼 때 강진 고성사 청동보살좌상은 구리, 주석, 납을 합금하여 주조하였으며, 불상제작 시 사용된 납 원료는 고성사 인근 지역에서 수급하여 사용한 것으로 판단된다. 이때 주목할 점은 해당 불상이 높이 51cm의 중·대형 불상임에도 불구하고 합금조성비 분석결과 기존 선행연구에서 제시한 소형 청동 및 금동제 불상의 납 함량비와 유사한 경향성을 보이고 있다는 것이다. 이에 불상의 크기와 납 함량비 간의 연관성을 고찰하고자 고성사 청동보살좌상과 조성연대가 유사한 청동 및 금동제 불상의 형태학적 특징 및 합금조성비 등 전반적인 제작기술을 비교분석 하였다. 비교결과 청동 및 금동제 불상의 합금조성비를 결정하는 요인에는 불상의 크기 뿐만 아니라 양식적인 특징, 조성연대 등 다양한 요인이 존재할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 불상을 조성할 당시 합금조성비 또는 주조기술을 적절히 조절하였을 가능성을 확인하였다. 즉, 불상의 제작기술 연구를 위해서는 방사선 투과촬영조사 등을 활용한 내부구조 관찰, 미세조직관찰 및 합금조성비 분석 등의 과학적 분석결과 뿐만 아니라 양식적 특징 및 조성연대에 관한 고고·미술사학적 연구를 함께 진행함으로서 보다 종합적인 불상 제작기술체계에 대한 규명이 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제56권11호
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• pp.805-812
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• 2018

High pressure die casting is one of the precision casting methods. It is highly productivity and suitable for manufacturing components with complex shapes and accurate dimensions. Recently, there has been increasing demand for efficient heat dissipation components, to control the heat generated by devices, which directly affects the efficiency and life of the product. Die cast aluminum alloys with high thermal conductivity are especially needed for this application. In this study, the influence of elements added to the die cast aluminum alloy on its thermal conductivity was evaluated. The results showed that Mn remarkably deteriorated the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy. When Cu content was increased, the tensile strength of cast aluminum alloy increased, showing 1 wt% of Cu ensured the minimum mechanical properties of the cast aluminum. As Si content increased, the flow length of the alloy proportionally increased. The flow length of aluminum alloy containing 2 wt% Si was about 85% of that of the ALDC12 alloy. A heat dissipation component was successfully fabricated using an optimized composition of Al-1 wt%Cu-0.6 wt%Fe-2 wt%Si die casting alloy without surface cracks, which were turned out as intergranular cracking originated from the solidification contraction of the alloy with Si composition lower than 2 wt%.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.126-129
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• 2021

We fabricated plate typed shunt resistors composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and metal alloy for measuring DC current. CNT plates were prepared from dispersed CNT/Urethane solution by squeezing method. Cu/Ni alloys were prepared from composition-designed alloy wires for adjusting the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) by pressing them. As well, we fabricated a hybrid resistor by squeezing the CNT/Urethane solution on the metal alloy plate directly. In order to confirm the composition ratio of the Cu/Ni alloy, we used an energy-dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Cross-section and surface morphology were analyzed by using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, we measured the initial resistance of 2.35 Ω at 25℃ for the CNT paper resistor, 7.56 mΩ for the alloy resistor, and 7.38 mΩ for the hybrid resistor. The TCR was also measured to be -778.72 ppm/℃ at the temperature range between 25℃ to 125℃ for the CNT paper resistor, 824.06 ppm/℃ for the alloy resistor, and 17.61 ppm/℃ for the hybrid resistor. Some of the hybrid resistors showed a near-zero TCR of 1.38, -2.77, 2.66, and 5.49 ppm/℃, which might be the world best-value ever reported. Consequently, we could expect an error-free measurement of the DC current using this resistor.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 2002

CoCrPt 합금박막의 국소보자력 분포를 400nm공간분해능으로 8000개의 국소영역을 동시에 측정할 수 있는 광자기 현미경 자력계로 관찰하였다. 시료들은 dc 마그네트론 스퍼터링 방식으로 Pt 함량을 6 at.%에서 28 at.%로 변화시키며 제작되었다. Pt 함량이 증가함에 따라 ,국소보자력 분포가 정규분포에서 비정규분포로 변화하며 국소보자력 분포폭이 증가함을 발견하였다. 투과전자현미경으로 관찰한 미세구조를 분석한 결과는 국소보자력 분포 변화가 결정립의 크기 분포 및 평균크기 변화와 깊이 연관되어 있음을 나타내었다.