• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.128-135
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• 2018

Objectives: The role of alloplastic materials in maxillofacial reconstruction is still controversial. Determining the utility of porous, high-density, polyethylene implants as a highly stable and flexible, porous alloplast, with properties such as rapid vascularization and tissue ingrowth, is crucial in cases of maxillofacial deformities and aesthetic surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty high-density porous polyethylene implants were implanted in 16 patients that had been referred to a private office over a three-year period. These implants were used for correcting congenital deformities, posttraumatic defects and improving the aesthetic in nasal, paranasal, malar, chin, mandibular angle, body and orbital areas. Results: The outcomes of the cases in this study showed good aesthetic and functional results. The majority of patients had no signs of discomfort, rejection or exposure. Two implants suffered complications: a complicated malar implant was managed by antibiotic therapy, and an infected mandibular angle implant was removed despite antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: Based on the results, the Medpor implant seems to be an excellent biomaterial for correcting various facial deformities. Advantages include its versatility and relatively ideal pore size that allows for excellent soft tissue ingrowth and coverage. It is strong, flexible and easy to shape.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.293-301
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to show the total survival rate of implants with maxillary sinus floor elevation and the effects that reach the survival rate by classifying types of graft materials, implant surface, operation method, bone height. Methods: In a total of 131 patients, 251 implants with sinus floor elevation were installed simultaneously or after regular healing. Various bone grafts (autograft, xonograft, allograft, alloplast) and implant surface (MTX-HA implant, chemical etching implant, Titanium oxide surface implant, resorbable blasting media implant, resorbable blast texturing implant, HA-coated implant) were used. All implants were investigated clinically and radiographically, being with 1 to 5 years follow-up period after installation. Results: The survival rate of 251 implants with maxillary sinus floor elevation was 94%. The types of implant, surface, graft material, bone height have no statistically signi-ficant differencies. Conclusions: It can be suggested that maxillary sinus floor elevation may have predictable result with various bone graft materials and implant surface.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.529-536
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• 2010

Purpose: The Purpose of this study is to show the total survival rate of implants with maxillary sinus grafting and the effects that reach the survival rate by classifying types of graft materials, implant type, operation method, residual bone height and evaluate graft material resorption rate after sinus grafting Patients and Methods: 61 dental implants placed with sinus bone grafting in 24 patients at Wonkwang University Sanbon Dental Hospital were installed simultaneously or after regular healing. Various bone grafts (autograft, xenograft, allograft, alloplast) and fourth implant type (GSII, Xive, Implantium, Novel biocare) were used. All implants were investigated clinically and radiographically, being with average 20 months follow-up period after installation. Results: 3 fixtures were lost, resulting in 95.1% cumulative survival rate of 61 osseointegrated dental implant. Survival rate according to bone material type, Implant type, operation method, residual bone height, have no statistically significant differencies. The mean preoperative residual alveolar bone height was 4.75 mm, average postoperative height of graft materials 10.8 mm, vertical bone resorption rate was 10% after 2 years. Resorption rate according to operation method was 7% (simultaneous) and 5% (delayed) after 1 year. Conclusion: It can be suggested that maxillary sinus grafting may have predictable result with various bone graft materials and implant type, residual bone height, operation method

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.277-290
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• 2012

Dental implants are universal restorative method on edentulous site in oral cavity and generally recognized by patients as well as clinicians. Rapid bone resorption of labial portion of maxillary anterior area is performed due to dental trauma, chronic periodontitis, and so on. Accordingly, Implants on maxillary anterior alveolar ridge with narrow labiopalatal width would lead to bony defects of dehiscence or fenestration. In this case, guided bone regeneration procedure is used to augment maxillary anterior alveolar ridge. It can have mechanical and biological advantages to mix tissue adhesive with bone graft materials in guided bone regeneration procedure. In these cases, when the dehiscence or fenestration defects was occurred by dental implants on maxillary anterior alveolar ridge with narrow labiopalatal width, guided bone regeneration procedures were performed with various combination of particle bone graft materials(allograft, xenograft, and alloplast) mixed with fibrin glue, excepting autogerous bone. We reported that all of 4 cases showed favorable alveolar ridge augmentations.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.184-191
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• 2014

In the mandibular posterior molar area, ridge deficiency is an unfortunate obstacle in the field of implant dentistry. Many techniques are available to rebuild the deficient ridge. Selection and necessity of these techniques are associated with significant morbidity and often require a second surgical site. With the advent of guided bone regeneration (GBR), one may now graft the deficient ridge with decreased morbidity and without a second surgical site. In this case, guided bone regeneration procedures were performed with a combination of allograft, xenograft, and alloplast, excepting autogerous bone at severe defected mandibular alveolar ridge and then placed to the implant successfully. We report that implant placement were good in two cases.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.205-217
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• 2010

Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rates and analyze the stability of lateral approach and trans-crestal approach for maxillary sinus floor elevation of simultaneous implant placement. Materials and method 407 patients who have been treated in LivingWell dental hospital between 2003 to 2009 were selected. Lateral window technique, osteotome technique and sinus drill technique were used for sinus floor elevation procedure. A total of 714 implants-MP-1 HA coated implant(Tapered Screw $Vent^{TM}$, $Spline^{TM}$, Zimmer, USA), FBR surfaced implant(Pitt-$Easy^{TM}$, Oraltronics, Germany)-were placed in grafted maxillary sinus simultaneously. The autogenous bone or a combination with the allograft or alloplast was grafted into sinus. Sinus floor elevation was combined with vertical/horizontal onlay bone grafts to reconstruct the defect of alveolar ridge. Results The average preoperative height of the maxillary alveolar bone was 5.78mm(range: 0.4mm~12.5mm). 14 implants failed during the healing period(lateral approach: 4, trans-crestal approach: 10) and 3 implant failed after prosthetic loading(lateral approach: 2, trans-crestal approach: 1). The cumulative survival rate of implants after 6 years was 97.6%. Trans-crestal approach(97.4%) and lateral approach(97.9%) had similar survival rates. Conclusion The results indicate that the trans-crestal approach and lateral approach for maxillary sinus elevation is a acceptable method at atrophic maxillary posterior area.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.464-469
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• 2007

The bone graft materials are grossly divided into autogenous bone, allogenic bone, xenogenic bone, and alloplastic material. Among the various allogenic graft materials, hydroxyapatite($Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2$, HA), the main inorganic phase of human hard tissue, is widely used as a repair material for bones. When HA applied to bony defect, however, it may be encapsulated with fibrous tissue and floated in the implanted area by the lack of consolidation. Fluoridated hydroxyapatite($Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2$, FHA), where F- partially replaces the OH- in the hydroxyapatite, is considered as an alternative material for bone repair due to its solubility and biocompatibility. This study was designed to find out the bone healing capacity of FHA newly produced as a nanoscale fiber in the laboratory. We implanted HA and FHA in the rabbit cranium defect and histologically analysed the specimen. The results were as follows. 1. In the 4 weeks, fibrous connective tissue and little bone formation around materials of the experimental group I implanted HA were observed. In the experimental group II implanted FHA, newly formed bone around materials were observed. 2. In the 8 weeks, the amount of newly formed and matured bone of the experimental group II was more than the experimental group I and control group. From the results obtained, we suggest that FHA, newly synthesized, is relatively favorable bone substitute with bioconpatibility and has better bone healing capacity than pure HA.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.567-577
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• 2006

Background Several bone grafting materials have been used in sinus augmentation procedures. Macroporous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate($MBCP^{TM}$) consists of the mixture of 60% HA and 40% ${\beta}-TCP$. Therefore, it can provide good scaffold for the new bone to grow owing to HA, in the other hand, it can have bioactivity for bone remodeling owing to ${\beta}-TCP$. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone formation following maxillary sinus augmentation using $MBCP^{TM}$ by means of histologic analysis. Material and Method $MBCP^{TM}$ was placed as a primary bone substitute for maxillary sinus augmentation. Three patients were selected after evalaution of their medical dental examination. $MBCP^{TM}$ only, $MBCP^{TM}$ combined with Irradicated cancellous bone and $MBCP^{TM}$ combined with autogenous bone were used for each patient. After about eight months, bone biopsies were harvested for histologic evaluation and fixtures installed. Results Eight months after surgery we observed new vital bone surrounding $MBCP^{TM}$ particle and the amount of new bone was about 30% even though there were discrepancies between specimens. This case report documents that $MBCP^{TM}$ when used as a grafting material for sinus floor augmentation whether combined other bone graft material or not, may lead to the predictable results for dental implants on posterior maxillary area with insufficient vertical height for fixture installation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.277-286
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• 2007

The edentulous posterior maxilla generally provides a limited amount of bone height because of atrophy of the ridge and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, Maxillary sinus augmentation is one of the surgical techniques for reconstruction of the severely resorbed posterior maxilla. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival rate of implants and the long-term changes of graft height after maxillary sinus augmentation by lateral window approach. From September 1996 to July 2004, maxillary sinus augmentation with mixed grafts of autograft, allograft, xenograft and alloplast were performed on 45 patients and 100 implants were placed. We evaluated the survival rate of implants and the changes of BL(bone length)/IL(implant length) according to time using panoramic radiographs. The survival rate of implants was 91.0% for follow-up period. The mean reduction of graft heights was 0.34mm(3.0%) for 6 months and 1.22mm(1O.66%) for 3 years after augmentation. The total mean BL/IL was $1.34{\pm}0.21$ during 5 year observation period after augmentation and decreased slightly over time. The result means that graft materials were stable above the implant apex. BL/ILs of 1stage procedure were significantly decreased at 1-2 year, 3-4 year after augmentation and no statistically significant changes were observed in those of 2 stage procedure. The graft materials of both procedures were stable above the implant apex. No statistically significant changes of BL/IL were observed in the grafts combined with low amount of autogenous bone or without autogenous bone. The graft materials of both groups were stable above the implant apex. The results indicated that the placement of dental implants with maxillary sinus augmentation showed predictable clinical results and the grafts combined with low amount of autogenous bone or without autogenous bone had long-term resistance to resorption in maxillary sinus.