• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.263-272
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• 2000

A field study was carried out to find out the effective chemical for controlling algae without visual injury on creeping bentgrass golf greens. The results were as follows. 1. Chlorothalonil(75%), Metalaxy(7.5%)+Mancozeb(56%) and Mancozeb(75%) did not injure creeping bentgrass. Only chlorothalonil(75%) effectively controlled algae regardless of concentration among above mentioned 3 fungicides. 2. Mancozeb frequently used on golf courses showed about 50% effect on controling algae in this study. 3. Mancozeb(75%)+Copper hydroxide(73%) and Mancozeb(75%)+Streptomycin(100%) had good effects on algae control while injuring creeping bentgrass. 4. Copper hydroxide(73%) and copper sulfate basic(58%) $including\ulcorner$Cu$\lrcorner$showed effective algae control but caused injure creeping bentgrass. 5. Streptomycin has been scarcely used on golf greens but streptomycin(20%) 0.1g a.i/$\m^2$ had good control of algae and durability without injuring creeping bentgrass.

• ALGAE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.203-215
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• 2023

Oomycete pathogens are one of the most serious threats to the rapidly growing global algae aquaculture industry but research into how they spread and how algae respond to infection is unresolved, let alone a proper classification of the pathogens. Even the taxonomy of the genera Pythium and Olpidiopsis, which contain the most economically damaging pathogens in red algal aquaculture, and are among the best studied, needs urgent clarification, as existing morphological classifications and molecular evidence are often inconsistent. Recent studies have reported a number of genes involved in defense responses against oomycete pathogens in red algae, including pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity. Accumulating evidence also suggests that calcium-mediated reactive oxygen species signaling plays an important role in the response of red algae to oomycete pathogens. Current management strategies to control oomycete pathogens in aquaculture are based on the high resistance of red algae to abiotic stress, these have environmental consequences and are not fully effective. Here, we compile a revised list of oomycete pathogens known to infect marine red algae and outline the current taxonomic situation. We also review recent research on the molecular and cellular responses of red algae to oomycete infection that has only recently begun, and outline the methods currently used to control disease in the field.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.81.2-92
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• 1992

Growing algae spread over open water surface of water hyacinth system the leaves of hyacinth prevented the passage of sunlight through the water surface. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of the algae growth on the effluent of water hyacinth wastewater treatment systems operated with the variation of an organic loading rate between 190 to 550 kg COD/ha.day. The effluent from the system contained algae was discharged for about 2-3 weeks from the beginning of experimental operation of water hyacinth systems. BOD and 55 concentration of effluents during algae growthing periods were higher than those during the period of algae control. But nitrogen and phosphrous romoval efficiencies during in algae growthing periods were slighty higher than those during the period of algae control.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.421-424
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• 2008

Edible red algae paper coated with green tea ext Tact was prepared and determined the microbial growth and quality change of kimbab wrapped with the paper during storage. The paper coated with green tea extract had the antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. After 12 hr of storage of kimbab, packaging with the paper coated with green tea extract decreased populations of total aerobic bacteria by 1 log cycle. Kimbab wrapped with the red algae paper coated with green tea extract had 5.5 mg malondialdehyde (MDA)/kg after 12 hr, in contrast to the control of 7.4 mg MDA/kg. Kimbab with red algae paper with green tea extract was better than the control in terms of sensory qualities. These results clearly indicate that kimbab can be packaged with red algae paper coated with green tea extract, resulting in extending its shelf life.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 1999

For the non-destructive multi-elemental analysis of environmental and biological materials, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied for the determination of toxic and trace elements in a set of three Algae samples provided by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The analytical quality control was evaluated by comparing the analytical results of two standard reference materials of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Oyster Tissue (SRM 1566a) and Citrus Leaves (SRM 1572). According to given analytical procedure, the concentration of 15-25 elements including spiked elements such as As, Cd, Cr and Hg in Algae samples were determined. To identify and validate these results, a data intercomparison program using more than 35 analytical methods in 150 laboratories was carried out and the estimated statistical data are summarized. Result of INAA is favorable, therefore, it is illustrated that can be applied for routine analysis of essential and toxic elements in algae samples as well as analytical quality assurance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.794-800
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to propose a method of controlling freshwater algae which grows abundantly and forms water bloom in the eutrophic water body with $H_2O_2$. Both laboratory and field methodologies were used. For the laboratory test $H_2O_2$ was injected into the different growth phases of incubated Microcystis aeruginosa and the resulting algae growth control rate was examined. For the field test, $H_2O_2$ was dispersed into a lake. Lake water quality was evaluated using a pre-test and post-test analysis of chlorophyll-a, luminance, transmittance, etc., which allowed a comparative evaluation of water quality change. From the experimental results, the growth of algae can be controlled with the small amount of 1mg/L of $H_2O_2$ at the lag phase of growth. The field test results show that the green colour of lake water was removed completely by the reduction of chlorophyll-a and improved transmittance, luminance, TKN, TP, TOC and SS. These indicators of water quality were improved significantly after $H_2O_2$ injection. Toxicity test results using the lake fish show no evidence of detrimental effect of $H_2O_2$ up to 15mg/L. The results of $EC_{50}$ with P. phosphoreum show that the toxicity of $H_2O_2$ was negligible compared to copper which was commonly used for algae control.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2021

River and stream are the important water supply source in our lives. Eutrophication causes excessive green algae growth including microcystis, which makes harmful to ecosystem and human health. Therefore, the water purification process to remove green algae is essential. In Korea, green algae alarm system exists depending on the concentration of green algae cells in river or stream. To maintain the growth amount under control, green algae monitoring system is being used. However, the unmanned, small and automatic monitoring system would be preferable. In this study, we developed the 3D printed device to measure the concentration of green algae cell using microfluidic droplet generator and deep learning. Deep learning network was trained by using transfer learning through pre-trained deep learning network. This newly developed microfluidic cell counter has sufficient accuracy to be possibly applicable to green algae alarm system.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-53
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• 2008

To utilize edible red algae paper for food packaging, red algae paper coated with green tea extract or catechin was prepared and microbial growth in bread wrapped with the paper was determined during storage. The paper coated with green tea extract or catechin had antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Packaging of bread with the red algae paper coated with green tea extract or catechin decreased the populations of total aerobic bacteria and yeast and mold after 2 days of storage by 0.41 and 0.63 log CFU/g, respectively, compared to the control. These results suggest that bread can be packaged by edible red algae paper coated with green tea extract or catechin, resulting in inhibit microbial growth during storage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of adhesion and detachment of algae on various materials of drainage canal in the sedimentation basin. The influence of surface washability, surface roughness, phosphorous concentration was studied using stainless steel, cement block and ceramic panel. The algae attached content of cement block was higher than that of the ceramic coating panel. The attachment varied significantly with respect to exposure time and different materials. the attachment was higher on rough surface (cement block) when compared to smooth surfaces. The content of attached algae increased with increasing phosphorous concentration in water. The detachment efficient of algae was higher on ceramic panel.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2017

The rapid growth of algae occurs can induce the algae bloom when nutrients are supplied from anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, animal waste or sewage in runoff the water currents or upwelling naturally. The algae blooms creates the human health problem in the environment as well as in the water resource managers including hypoxic dead zones and harmful toxins and pose challenges to water treatment systems. The algal blooms in the source water in water treatment systems affects the drinking water taste & odor while clogging or damaging filtration systems and putting a strain on the systems designed to remove algal toxins from the source water. This paper propose the emerging In-Situ self-diagnosable smart algae sensing device with wireless connectivity for smart remote monitoring and control. In this research, we developed the In-Site Algae diagnosable sensing device with wireless sensor network (WSN) connectivity with Optical Biological Sensor and environmental sensor to monitor the water treatment systems. The proposed system emulated in real-time on the water treatment plant and functional evaluation parameters are presented as part of the conceptual proof to the proposed research.