• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.189-194
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• 2008

Alcohol concentration in the blood was effectively decreased by extracts from Hericium erinaceum hypha cultivated with Artermisia capillaris medium(HEAC), Hericium erinaceum hypha and Artermisia capillaris after dirnking. Also, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in the blood was studied. As a result of testing an alcohol concentration in the blood, the alcohol in the blood was not detected after 170 min, in case of HEAC and after 210 min, in case of Hericium erinaceum. Compared to control, each activities of alcohol dehydrogenase of HEAC and Hericium erinaceum hypha was showed up to 154% and 148% respectively. The activities of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase of both extracts from HEAC and Hericium erinaceum was maintained in the range of 104 to 110% compared to control. In conclusion, such extracts represent significant effect to facilitate decomposition of alcohol.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1236-1239
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• 2006

Allyl alcohol (2-propen-l-ol), found in considerable amounts in heated garlic, was able to discriminate yeasts from bacteria and was approximately three orders of magnitude more inhibitory towards yeasts than bacteria. The average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of allyl alcohol for bacteria and yeasts was 5.0% and 0.0056%, respectively. The unsaturated primary alcohols, including allyl alcohol and 2-buten-l-ol, seemed to work differently from all the other saturated alcohols and unsaturated secondary alcohols in inhibiting various yeasts. An alcohol dehydrogenase-negative (ADH$^-$) strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was as resistant to allyl alcohol as various bacteria, exhibiting an MIC of 5.0%. The unsaturated primary alcohols were apparently oxidized into the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes before they inhibited the yeasts.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

This study was conducted to examine the volatile flavor compounds of Hahyangju, a traditional Korean liquor, and to evaluate the effect of the beverage on alcohol metabolism in rats. By GC/MS analysis, 17 volatile flavor compounds including iso-butyl alcohol and iso-amyl alcohol were detected in Hahyangju. The concentrations of acetaldehyde and ethylacetate in Hahyangju were decreased by filtration. Alcohol (0.035 mg/dL) and acetaldehyde (0.29 mg/dL) levels in the blood of rats given Hahyangju (HT animals) were lower than in rats given 17% (v/v) alcohol (AT rats). Also, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in HT rats were $24.63{\pm}1.8{\mu}$moles/mg protein and $9.8{\pm}1.3{\mu}$moles/mg protein, respectively, and were higher than in AT animals. The increases in ADH and ALDH activity in HT animals resulted in decreases in alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in blood, compared to the levels seen in rats given 17% (v/v) alcohol. These results suggest that Hahyangju may increase alcohol metabolizing activity, and consumption of Hahyangju may result in less of a hangover than follows ingestion of beverages (such as wine) containing about 17% (v/v) alcohol.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.613-619
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• 2014

For the development of a hangover soup containing blue mussel, 11 kinds of hot water extracts were prepared - A (mistletoe); B (shepherd's purse); C (arrowroot); D (bean sprout); E (oriental raisin); F (blue mussel); G (blue mussel and mistletoe); H (blue mussel and shepherd's purse); I (blue mussel and arrowroot); J (blue mussel and bean sprout); and K (blue mussel and oriental raisin). Extract C showed the highest effect for increasing the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH); however, the addition of blue mussel did not provide a synergy effect on extract C. Other than the arrowroot-containing extracts (C and I), extract H showed relatively higher ADH ($237.4{\pm}1.7%$) and ALDH ($136.5{\pm}2.1%$) activities. Moreover, extract H showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity ($93.9{\pm}0.1%$) and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity ($42.7{\pm}1.6%$). The combination of blue mussel with shepherd's purse had a synergic effect on its ADH and ACE inhibitory activities.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.115-119
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• 2015

${\beta}$-cyclodextrin has an ability to protect compounds from oxidative reaction by collecting them within its ring-like structure. So, In harsh condition ($40^{\circ}C$), marker compound, quercetin, was dramatically reduced in Hovenia dulcis fruit extract containing dextrin at 4 and 8 week compared to 0 week, but not that containing ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. To evaluate the effects of dextrin and ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin on protective effect of H.dulcis fruit extract against alcohol-induced liver damage, The mice were orally injected alcohol, H. dulcis fruit extract/dextrin (HD) and H. dulcis fruit extract/${\beta}$-cyclodextrin (HCD), respectively, for 7 days. The mice orally administrated with alcohol significantly enhanced the serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum compared to the control group. HD and HCD significantly decreased the levels of serum ALT and AST and serum LDH activities compared to alcohol group. And also alcohol group significantly increased the level of total cholesterol compared to the control group, but HD and HCD significantly reduced it compared to the alcohol group. However, the levels of TG in blood were not significantly changed in all groups. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) were significantly increased in HD and HCD group although those of aldehyde dehydrogenase showed an increasing tendency. This data suggested that HD and HCD were able to induce alcohol degradation in the liver tissues. All together, the results showed that HCD demonstrated their ability to protect liver from alcohol-induced damage on equal terms with HD.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2018

This study was performed to investigate the ameliorating effect of a hangover beverage mixture (SBJ) that contains Dendropanax morbifera Lev. and several medicinal plant extracts, on hepatoprotection and alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in alcohol-induced hangover in both in vitro and in vivo models. In human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, 300 mM of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly improved by pretreatment of SBJ by dose-dependent manner. In the in vivo study, administration of alcohol to rats raised to the concentration of blood alcohol and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Blood alcohol and LDH levels in SBJ-treated rats significantly decreased at 0.5 h and 8 h after acute ethanol administration (40%, 4.6 g/kg body weight) as compared to alcohol-treated rats. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were significantly higher in SBJ-treated rats than in alcohol-treated rats. SBJ supplementation reduced formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), and inhibited reductions of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), hepatic glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, compared with rats administered alcohol. Plasma catalase (CAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels showed unaltered resulted in all experimental groups compared with the control group. These results suggest that SBJ exhibit hepatoprotective properties by enhancing ADH, ALDH activity and stimulating the antioxidant defense system in alcohol-induced hangover.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1262-1268
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• 2017

Lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora), a plant in the Myrtaceae family, is native to the semitropical rain-forests of Queensland and is presumably the most commercialized native spice. In Australian thousands of lemon-myrtle trees are under tillage. This study was carried out to investigate the alcohol metabolism, hepatoprotective effects and antidiabetic, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of hot-water (LMW) and 80% ethanol (LME) extracts from lemon-myrtle leaves. The alpha-glucosidase (${\alpha}$-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the LMW and LME extracts were 7.66% and 40.29% at 1 mg/ml (p<0.05), respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the LME extract was about 38.26 % at 1 mg/ml. The effects the LMW and LME extracts had on alcohol-metabolizing activities were determined by measuring the generation of reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The ADH activities of the LMW and LME extracts significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner and were about 154.40% and 192.03% at 1 mg/ml, respectively (p<0.05). The ALDH activities of the LMW and LME extracts also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner and were about 151.14% and 192.34% at 1 mg/ml, respectively (p<0.05). At $100{\mu}g/ml$, the LMW and LME extracts showed significant protective effects against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. The results suggested that Backhousia citriodora leaf extracts have the potential to be significant sources for natural health products.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.528-533
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• 1999

Membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) was purified to homogeneity from the acetic acid producing bacteria, Acetobacter sp. CS5. The enzyme was solubilized and extracted with Trition-X and purified using the DEAE-Sephacel chromatography and Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. The enzyme was purified to 14-fold with a yield of 15%. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was to be 332 KDa. SDS-PAGE of the enzyme showed three subunits with molecular weights of 79 KDa, 49KDa and 46K Da. It indicated that enzyme consisted of three subunits of the 79 KDa, two subunits of the 49 KDa and. 46 KDa, respectively. The apparent Km value for ethanol was 0.77 mM and the optimum pH and temperature was 4.0-5.0 and 35$^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 1984

We deduced a possible metabolic pathway of L-malate in a malo-alcoholic yeast, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonicus St-3. The malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40) prepared from the microorganism was about four times as active as that of malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37). And Km values of malic enzyme and malate dehydrogenase for malate were found to be 3.125 mM and 4.761 mM, respectively, which referred to the fact that the affinity of malic enzyme for the substrate was greater than that of malate dehydrogenase. We also found that pyruvate was produced with disappearing malate in malo-alcoholic fermentation, and that the addition of $Mn^{2+}$ activated malic enzyme activity. Based on these results obtained we have deduced a main pathway of malate${\rightarrow}$pyruvate${\rightarrow}$acetaldehyde${\rightarrow}$ethanol for the utilization of L-malate by this malo-alcoholic yeast strain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.791-795
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• 2011

Sea tangle, a kind of brown seaweed, was fermented with Lactobacillus brevis BJ-20. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in fermented sea tangle (FST) was 5.56% (w/w) and GABA in total free amino acid of FST was 49.5%. The effect of FST on the enzyme activities and mRNA protein expression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) involved in alcohol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. Yeast was cultured in YPD medium supplemented with different concentrations of FST powder [0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.0% (w/v)] for 18 h. FST had no cytotoxic effect on the yeast growth. The highest activities and protein expressions of ADH and ALDH from the cell-free extracts of S. cerevisiae were evident with the 0.4% and 0.8% (w/v) FST-supplemented concentrations, respectively. The highest concentrations of GABA as well as minerals (Zn, Ca, and Mg) were found in the cell-free extracts of S. cerevisiae cultured in medium supplemented with 0.4% (w/v) FST. The levels of GABA, Zn, Ca, and Mg in S. cerevisiae were strongly correlated with the enzyme activities of ADH and ALDH in yeast. These results indicate that FST can enhance the enzyme activities and protein expression of ADH and ALDH in S. cerevisiae.