• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.371-379
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences and the influencing factors of health habits such as smoking, drinking, and exercise on job stress among IT workers. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to total of 300 people (30 persons per business place) at 10 IT work sites performing computer and information system tasks, and 275 data points were analyzed. The survey items were general characteristics, occupational characteristics, employment type, physical burden, amount of drinking, smoking, exercise, and job stress. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, non-regular workers showed higher smoking, exercise, and job stress than did regular workers by employment type, but exercise was not significant. Regular workers had a higher rate of drinking than non-regular workers. Second, the factors affecting alcohol drinking were gender and age, and factors affecting smoking were gender and employment type. Third, factors affecting job stress were annual income, long working hours, physical burden, and employment type. Conclusions: It is necessary to consider employment patterns in smoking, drinking, and job stress management. In addition, it is necessary to deeply analyze what affects the health behaviors and job stress of IT workers and explore ways to mitigate them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the drinking patterns and behaviors of Yangsan College students. Data were collected by a self-administered survey from the subjects, of which male students were 336 and female 165. The results of this study were as follows: 1. With regard to attitude toward drinking, 93.1% of the male subjects and 84.3% female subjects reported to have favor for drinking while only 9.3% of the subjects against drinking. 2. Those who reported to have at least a drink everyday were 13.3% of the subjects. For drinking frequency subjects who reported once in two or three day were most popular(21.9%). The frequency of drinking alcohol was associated positively with amount of discretionary money the students have. 3. For amount of drinking, 42.5% of subjects responded that they were able to drink soju at least one bottle per occasion. Data showed a high positive correlation between drinking frequency and financial costs they spent to drink. 4. The reasons subjects gave to drink included social gatherings after school or student activities (40.1%), change of mood(16.5%), and personal cerebration(16.5%). 5. The most popular place for the subject to go for a drink was neighborhood pubs(43.5%), followed by bar or pubs at downtown(28.3%) and nearby campus(12.2%).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

Objective: This study was an attempt to identify associations between health behavior, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, healthy diet, and physical activity, and psychosocial factors. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted among 1,500 participants aged between 30 and 69 years, selected from a population-based database in October 2009 through multiple-stratified random sampling. Information was collected about the participants' smoking and drinking habits, dietary behavior, level of physical activity, stress, coping strategies, impulsiveness, personality, social support, sense of coherence, self-efficacy, health communication, and sociodemographics. Results: Agreeableness, as a personality trait, was negatively associated with smoking and a healthy diet, while extraversion was positively associated with drinking. The tendency to consume a healthy diet decreased in individuals with perceived higher stress, whereas it increased in individuals who had access to greater social support. Self-efficacy was found to be a strong predictor of all health behaviors. Provider-patient communication and physical environment were important factors in promoting positive healthy behavior, such as consumption of a healthy diet and taking regular exercise. Conclusions: Psychosocial factors influence individuals' smoking and drinking habits, dietary intake, and exercise patterns.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.135-148
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined socio-demographic and health status factors associated with hazardous drinking in male and female elderly with hypertension. Methods: The sample consisted of 2,322 seniors with hypertension and was obtained from the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (VII-1, VII-2, VII-3). Complex sample analysis was performed using the independent t-test, the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression in SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: The factors associated with hazardous drinking in the male hypertensive seniors were age (OR=2.13, CI=1.37-3.32), weekly drink number (OR=0.11, CI=0.07-0.16) and weight gain control (OR=0.44, CI=0.21-0.94), and corresponding factors in female hypertensive seniors were age (OR=4.56, CI=2.37-8.80), income level (OR=1.88, CI=1.05-3.37), weekly drink number (OR=0.09, CI=0.04-0.17), current smoking (OR=6.88, CI=2.29-20.64), weight loss control (OR=1.99, CI=1.14-3.47), hypertension treatment (OR=35.62, CI=2.02-629.43), and hypertension drug (OR=0.06, CI=0.01-0.61). Conclusion: Risk drinking in elderly with hypertension was found to be related to personal characteristics and health status. Therefore, to manage hypertension effectively in the elderly, drinking patterns should be improved and active participation in the practice of healthy activities such as weight control, smoking cessation, and decreased alcohol intake, should be encouraged.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.722-728
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare dietary patterns, dietary behaviors and life styles before and after breast cancer surgery in Korea. The subjects were 220 females who underwent surgery for stage I-III breast cancer at general hospitals. Food intake, eating habits, snacks, eating-out, use of nutritional supplements and healthy foods, and drinking and smoking habits were studied using a questionnaire. SAS program was used for statistical analysis of the data. The results are as follows : 1) Most subjects were housewives aged more than 40 years. 2) After breast cancer surgery, intakes of fruits and vegetables were increased and those of meat, salty and spicy foods were decreased. 3) There was a significant difference in takes of caffeine beverages, snacks, fast foods and instant foods before and after breast cancer surgery. 4) There was a significant difference in meal regularity and skipping breakfast before and after breast cancer surgery. 5) The frequency of eating-out was decreased and low-fat foods, such as Japanese foods, were preferred after breast cancer surgery. 6) Nutritional supplements and natural healthy foods were used more after breast cancer surgery. 7) Most subjects were non-smokers and drank little alcohol and the rate of regular drinking significantly decreased after breast cancer surgery. Therefore, there was a significant difference in dietary patterns and behaviors resulting form breast cancer. Further more, dietary factors may be a contributing factor in the incidence at breast cancer in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.319-328
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to assess the relationships of alcohol consumption patterns to mental distress and self-rated health. Data of 19,856 adult drinkers over 19 years of age and older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Risks of experiencing perceived high stress, depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts were higher in alcohol use disorder group in male, whereas the risks were higher in both alcohol use disorder and hazardous drinking groups in female, reflecting higher susceptibility to mental distress. In both male and female, former drinkers presented poor self-rated health compared with low-risk drinkers, although no difference was found in the prevalence of mental distress. Specialized mental health management measures for female drinkers are required, and former drinkers are suggested to be assessed separately from never or low-risk drinkers for their physical and mental health status.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1690-1698
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• 2012

As alcohol use is one of the most important risk factors for injuries, this study was intended to clarify and evaluate any relationship between drinking patterns and the incidence rates/specific characteristics of injuries in adult populations, using a widely accepted tool, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (chronic alcohol drinking behaviors measurement, hereinafter the AUDIT) developed by the World Health Organization to help to assess the behaviors in a more accurate and reliable manner. This study used the data collected from the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), in which 7,511 of 7,893 adult participants aged ${\geq}19$ years answered the questions about injuries, and excluding 104 non-respondents, 6,258 of participants in the questionnaire survey of drinking patterns were finally analyzed. The incidence rates and specific characteristics of injuries as classified by the AUDIT categories (i.e., body regions, types and mechanisms) were assessed and estimated in terms of their relative risk using t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression. SPSS 19.0 statistical package software was employed for statistical analyses. These analyses indicate that the incidence rates of overall injuries were significantly higher in male respondents than in female respondents. The risks of alcohol use related injuries were 8.3 times higher in male respondents than in female ones. Regarding educational background, high school graduates showed the highest rates in the AUDIT with significant difference from the other groups. The married group and the group of respondents having monthly income estimated at KRW 2.01 to 3 million also showed the highest rates in the AUDIT compared to the other groups, indicating statistically significant difference. Significantly increased in problematic drinkers and those with alcohol dependence, the incidence rate of injuries body regions was 0.0371 in the head/neck, and with respect to the AUDIT and the mechanisms of external causes of injuries, transport accidents ranked first, followed by slippage, others, crash and fall. In regard to the classified types of injuries, it was statistically significant in others (e.g., laceration, contusion, addiction, or penetrating wound). In conclusion, the mechanisms of external causes of injuries as well as injuries attributed to alcohol use are very important, and a strategy is required to reduce such the injuries in the manner of decreasing the frequency of drinking after motivation by professional counsellors.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.770-780
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the anthropometry, the serum lipid levels and the nutrient intakes of two groups according to their alcohol intake, smoking habits, regular exercise patterns, menopause status and obesity levels. The subjects consisted of 180 clinically normal adults (males 89, females 91) in the Youngdong area. There were significant differences in the triglyceride (TG) concentrations between the alcohol consumers (169.3 \pm 130.0 mg/dl) and the non-alcohol consumers (111.4 \pm 64.5 mg/dl), and the smokers (165.0 \pm 103.6 mg/dl) and the non-smokers (110.8 \pm 39.0 mg/dl). Although regular exercise did not affect the serum lipid levels, the dietary intakes of cholesterol, niacin and phosphate were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the male exercising group than in the male non-exercising group, and female exercising group consumed more polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.05) than the female non-exercising group. The waist/hip ratio. serum total cholesterol (198.4 \pm 36.3 mg/dl) and serum LDL-cholesterol (119.5 \pm 34.9 mg/dl) levels of the postmenopausal females were significantly higher than those of the premenopausal females (p<0.01). The obese males showed higher serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, LDL/HDL, and relative cholesterol levels than those of the normal-weight males : and the obese females showed higher serum TG levels than that of the normal-weight females (p<0.01). These results suggested that drinking, smoking, menopause and obesity are risk factors for hyperlipidemia. Thus, moderation in alcohol consumption, non-smoking, regular exercise and the maintenance of normal weight are necessary to Prevent hyperlipidemia in middle-aged People.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.258-266
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine relationships between drinking patterns and metabolic syndrome among Korean adolescents. Statistically weighted data from the Sixth(2013-2015) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine relationships between adolescent drinking patterns and metabolic syndrome risk factors with adjustments for individual covariates. A total of 1,698 Korean adolescents (Men=901, Women=797) were identified. Among male adolescents, drinking frequency in the past year was significantly associated with triglyceride level (p for trend=0.03); and men who usually consumed ${\geq}5$ drinks on a typical occasion had a greater risk of high-triglyceride level (adjusted odds ratios: 2.72, 95% confidence intervals: 1.00-7.34, p=0.05). Among female adolescents, drinking frequency in the past year was significantly associated with blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level(p for trend=0.01). Drinking frequency and amount were associated with higher triglyceride level among male adolescents, indicating that adolescent drinking may be associated with increased metabolic syndrome development in adulthood. The study results suggest that continuous drinking prevention education and further research for adolescents and metabolic syndrome predictors are needed to prevent development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.255-256
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• 2000