영동지역 일부 주민의 음주, 흡연, 운동, 폐경 및 비만 여부에 따른 신체계측치와 혈중 지질 농도 및 영양소 섭취 상태 비교

Comparison of Anthropometry, Serum Lipid Levels and Nutrient Intakes of Two Groups Based on their Drinking, Smoking, Exercise, Menopause and Obesity Status - In Residents of Youngdong Area -

  • 남혜원 (수원여자대학 식품과학부) ;
  • 김은경 (강릉대학교 생명과학대학 식품과학과) ;
  • 조운형 (강릉대학교 생명과학대학 식품과학과)
  • 발행 : 2003.10.01

초록

The purpose of this study was to compare the anthropometry, the serum lipid levels and the nutrient intakes of two groups according to their alcohol intake, smoking habits, regular exercise patterns, menopause status and obesity levels. The subjects consisted of 180 clinically normal adults (males 89, females 91) in the Youngdong area. There were significant differences in the triglyceride (TG) concentrations between the alcohol consumers (169.3 \pm 130.0 mg/dl) and the non-alcohol consumers (111.4 \pm 64.5 mg/dl), and the smokers (165.0 \pm 103.6 mg/dl) and the non-smokers (110.8 \pm 39.0 mg/dl). Although regular exercise did not affect the serum lipid levels, the dietary intakes of cholesterol, niacin and phosphate were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the male exercising group than in the male non-exercising group, and female exercising group consumed more polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.05) than the female non-exercising group. The waist/hip ratio. serum total cholesterol (198.4 \pm 36.3 mg/dl) and serum LDL-cholesterol (119.5 \pm 34.9 mg/dl) levels of the postmenopausal females were significantly higher than those of the premenopausal females (p<0.01). The obese males showed higher serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, LDL/HDL, and relative cholesterol levels than those of the normal-weight males : and the obese females showed higher serum TG levels than that of the normal-weight females (p<0.01). These results suggested that drinking, smoking, menopause and obesity are risk factors for hyperlipidemia. Thus, moderation in alcohol consumption, non-smoking, regular exercise and the maintenance of normal weight are necessary to Prevent hyperlipidemia in middle-aged People.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ander MM, Castilli WP (1980) : Elevated high-density lipoprotein levels in marathon runners. JAMA 243: 534-536 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.243.6.534
  2. Berger K, Ajani UA, Kase CS, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Glynn RJ, Hennekens CH (1999): Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and risk of stroke among U.S. male physicians. N Eng J Med 341: 1557-1564
  3. Brischetto CS, Connor WE, Connor SL, Matarazzo JD (1983): Am J Cardiol 52 (7): 675
  4. Chang NS, Kim EJ, Kim SY (2000) : Vitamin $B_{6}$ and folate status in alcohol dependent rural elderly people in Korea. Korean J Nutrition 33 (3): 257-262
  5. Cho SH, Choi YS (1994): Diet therapy of hyperlipidemia. Korea J Lipidology 4(2): 109-118
  6. Cho SH, Choi YS (1997): Relation of serum vitamin E and lipoperoxide levels with serum lipid status in Korean men. Korean J Community Nutrition 2 (1): 44-51
  7. Choi EJ, Lee HO (1996): Influencing factors on the bone status of rural menopausal women. Korean J Nutrition 29 (9): 1013-1020
  8. Choi MJ (2001) : Effects of exercise and calcium intake on blood pressure and blood lipids in premenopausal women. Korean J Nutrition 34 (1): 62-68
  9. Choi YJ, Kim SY, Jung KA, Chang YK (2000): An assessment of diet quality in the postmenopausal women. Korean J Nutrition 33(3): 304-313
  10. Cryer PE, Haymond MW, Santiago JV, Shah SD (1976): N Engl J Med 295 (11): 573
  11. Despres JP, Allard C, Tremblay A, Talbot J, Bouchard C (1985): Evidence for a regional component of body fatness in the association with serum lipids in men and women. Metabolism 34 (10): 967-973 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(85)90147-7
  12. Fehily AM, Phillip KM, Yarnell WG (1984): Diet, smoking, social class, and body mass index in the capillary heart disease study. Am J Clin Nutr 40: 827-833
  13. Pekkanen J, Linn S, Heiss G, et al (1990): Ten-year mortality from car-diovascular disease in relation to cholesterol level among men with and without preexisting cardiovascular disease. New Eng J Med 322: 1700-1707 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199006143222403
  14. Goldbourt U (1987): High risk versus public health strategies in primary prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 45: 1185-1192
  15. Heiss G, Tamir I, Davis CE, Tyroler HA, Rifkand BM, Schonfeld G, Jacobs D, Frantz ID (1980): The lipid research clinics program prevalence study. Circulation 61 (2): 302-312 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.61.2.302
  16. Huttunen JK, Lansimies E, Voutilainen E, Ehnholm C, Hietanen E, Penttila I, Siitonen O, Rauramaa R (1979): Effect of moderate physical exercise on serum lipoproteins. Circulation 60(6): 1220-1229 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.60.6.1220
  17. Hwang CS, Park MR, Yang LS (1991) : Effect of middle-aged food habit and preference on health status. Korean J dietary culture 6 (4) : 351-367
  18. Kang MH, Yoon JS (2001): The effects of exercise on the vitamin C and E intakes and their plasma levels of vitamin C, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol in young male adults. Korean J Nutrition 34(3): 306-312
  19. Kang SW, et al (1992): Relation of serum cholesterol level and lifestyle in normal adult Korean. Am J Internal Med 43 (3): 373-383
  20. Kannel WB (1993): Metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease in women: perspective from the Framingham study. Atherosclerosis 99: 207-217
  21. Kim GR, Yoon HS (2002): An analysis of the correlation between health-related habits and the biochemical characteristics of the blood of bus drivers in the Masan area. Korean J Community Nutrition 7 (2) : 232-244
  22. Kim IS, Seo EA (2000): A long term observation of total cholesterol, blood pressure. BMI and blood glucose concerned with dietary intake. Korean J Community Nutrition 5 (2): 172-184
  23. Kim JH, Moon JS (1997): A study on dietary intakes and nutritional status in college women smokers II. Assessment of nutritional status for antioxidant vitamins. Korean J Community Nutrition 2(2): 159-168
  24. Kim KW, Lim JY, Kim JY, Kim JH (1999): A study of nutrient intakes and psychosocial factors associated with smoking among female high school students. Korean J Nutrition 32 (8): 908-917
  25. Kim MH, You OS (1999): A comparative study on serum lipid levels in drinker and non-drinker. Korean J Nutrition 32(5): 570-576
  26. Kim MJ, Kim OH, Kim JH (2002): The effects of smoking, drinking and exercise on antioxidant vitamin intakes and plasma antioxidant status in elderly people living in Ulsan. Korean J Community Nutrition 7 (4): 527-538
  27. Kim SK, Park YS, Byoun KE (2000): Comparison of the total antioxidant status and usual dietary intake in normal and overweight males. Korean J Community Nutrition 5(4): 633-641
  28. Kim SY, Jung KA, Choi YJ, Lee SK, Chang YK (2000): Comparisons of nutrients intake of normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia in the postmenopausal women. Korean J Community Nutrition 5(3): 461-474
  29. Kim WK (1998): Effects of vitamin C supplementation on immune status in smoking and nonsmoking male college students. Korean J Nutrition 31 (8): 1244-1253
  30. Kim YG (1996): The effect of regular swimming exercise on body composition respiratory capacity and serum lipids and enzymes level in 30-40 yrs women. J Sport Leisure Studies 5: 99-124
  31. Kwon SJ, Chang YS, Kim OY, Lee SM, Lee JH. Chung NS, Lee HC, Huh KB (1999): Influence of age and obesity on visceral fat, muscle mass and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy Korean men. Korean J Lipidology 9 (4): 393-405
  32. Lee SH, Kee CS, Chang YK (1998): The dietary intake and nutritional status of fatty liver patients. Korean J Community Nutrition 3 (4): 622-629
  33. Lee SH, Kim HY (1991): Relationship of habitual alcohol consumption to the nutritional status in middle aged men. Korean J Nutrition 24 (1): 58-65
  34. Lee SS, Choi IS, Lee KH. Choi WJ, Oh SH (1996): A study on the nutrients intake and serum lipid pattern in smoking college men. Korean J Nutrition 29 (5): 489-498
  35. Lee YC, Synn HA, Lee KY, Park YH, Rhee CS (1992): A study on concentrations of serum lipids and food daily habit of healthy Korean adults-Emphasis on serum triglyceride. Korean J Lipidology 2 (1): 41-51
  36. Lim HS, Baik IK, Lee HS, Lee YJ, Chung NS, Jho SY, Kim SS (1995): Effects of the life style in patients with coronary artery disease on the serum lipid concentrations and atherosclerotic coronary lesion. Korea J Lipidology 5 (1): 71-83
  37. Moon SJ, Lee EK, Jeon HJ, Ko BK (1993): A study on effect of exercisetraining on body fat distribution and serum lipids. Korean J Nutrition 26(1): 47-55
  38. Oh HM, Yoon JS (2000): Health and nutritional status of industrial workers. Korean J Community Nutrition 5 (1): 13-22
  39. Oh KW, Lee SI, Song KS, Nam CM, Kim YO, Lee YC (1995): Fatty acid intake patterns and the relation of fatty acid intake to serum lipids of Korean adults. Korea J Lipidology 5(2): 167-181
  40. Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, A,strong WT (1990): Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? Lancet 336: 129-133
  41. Park JA, Kang MH (1996): Vitamin C intakes and serum levels in smoking college students. Korean J Nutrition 9 (1): 122-133
  42. Park JK (1998): Effects of routine jogging exercise on cardiorespiratory function and blood lipid in 40 years men. J Sport Leisure Studies 9: 381-389
  43. Park MK, Lee HO (2003): A comparative analysis on the environmental and dietary factors in Korean adult males classified by serum lipid profiles. Korean J Nutrition 36 (1): 64-74
  44. Preuss HG (1993): Nutrition and diseases of women: cardiovascular disorders. J Am Coli Nutr 12(4): 417-425
  45. Song KH, Kim HA (2002): Comparison of attitudinal beliefs regarding smoking and antioxidant vitamins status in the college male smokers and non-smokers. Korean J Dietary Culture 17(3): 329-336
  46. Suter E, Marti B (1992): Little effect of long-term, self-monitored exercise on serum lipid levels in middle-aged women. J Sports Med Physical Fitness 32: 400-411
  47. Sutherland WHF, Woodhouse SP (1980): Physical activity and plasma lipoprotein lipid concentration in men. Atherosclerosis 37: 285-292 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(80)90014-3
  48. Tsugane S, Fahet MT, Sasaki S, Baba S (1999): Alcohol consumption and all-cause and cancer mortality among middle Japanese men: seven-year follow-up of the JPHC study cohort. Am J Epidemiol 150: 1201-1207 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009946
  49. Yoon KA (1997): Changes of vitamin C level, lipid peroxidation and lipid concentration in plasma of smokers and non-smokers. Korean J Nutrition 30(10): 1180-1187
  50. Yoon KA (1998): The relation of the elevated plasma lipid levels to plasma vitamin E status and activities of erythrocyte glutathione perosicase in smokers. Korean J Nutrition 31 (8): 1254-1262
  51. Yu CH, Park U (1991): The effect of aerobic dancing and Ca supplementation on lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women. J Korean Home Economics 29 (1): 59-70