• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The level of serum albumin is an index of nourishment care and management. However, the distribution and correlates of serum albumin levels among individuals with motor disorders have not been reported until now. Therefore, we examined the distribution and correlates of serum albumin levels among individuals with motor disorders. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study on 249 individuals with motor disabilities (144 men, mean age: 51.4 years; 105 women, mean age: 51.4 years) was conducted at five institutions in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan in 2008. The results were compared with data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey. RESULTS: The mean serum albumin levels were $4.0{\pm}0.4g/dL$ for men and $3.8{\pm}0.5g/dL$ for women. Overall, 17 (11.8%) men and 25 (23.8%) women had hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin level ${\leq}3.5g/dL$); these proportions were greater than those among healthy Japanese adults (${\leq}1%$). Low serum albumin level was related with female sex, older age, low calf circumference, low relative daily energy intake, low hemoglobin (Hb), low blood platelet count, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low $HbA_{1c}$, and high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The strongest correlates, based on standardized betas, were Hb (0.321), CRP (-0.279), and HDL-C (0.279) levels. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia is higher in individuals with motor disabilities than in healthy individuals and that inflammation is a strong negative correlate of serum albumin levels. Therefore, inflammation should be examined for the assessment of hypoalbuminemia among institutionalized individuals with motor disabilities.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.398-406
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• 2018

Background: Hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, costs associated with hypoalbuminemia remain unknown. This study investigated the effect of serum albumin on direct treatment costs, length of stay (LOS), and readmissions for primary and revision THA and TKA patients. Methods: All adult patients at a single institution undergoing primary or revision THA or TKA between January 2014 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified by preoperative serum albumin level. The primary outcome was total direct costs at index hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included LOS and readmission within 30 days. Multivariable regressions were utilized to adjust for demographics and comorbidities. Results: Of 3,785 patients, 114 (3.0%) had hypoalbuminemia. After adjustment, hypoalbuminemia was associated with a 16.2% increase in costs (${\beta}=0.162$; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.112 to 0.213; p < 0.001), representing an average cost increase of $3,383 (95% CI, $2,281 to $4,485) relative to costs for serum albumin > 4.5 g/dL. The increased total costs were significantly higher in revision ($4,322, p = 0.034) than in primary ($3,446, p < 0.001) procedures. In adjusted regression, each 1.0 g/dL increase in serum albumin yielded a 6.6% reduction in costs (${\beta}=-0.066$; 95% CI, -0.090 to -0.042]; p < 0.001), for average savings of $1,282 (95% CI, $759 to $1,806) per unit albumin. Adjusted regressions demonstrated that a 1-point increase in serum albumin reduced readmissions by 53% (odds ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31-0.73; p = 0.001) and LOS by 0.6 days (${\beta}=-0.60$; 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.44; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia is associated with increased total direct costs, LOS, and readmissions following primary and revision THA and TKA. Future efforts to predict and address total costs should take into consideration the patient's preoperative serum albumin levels.

• Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
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• 제71권6호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2018

Background: To compare the effects of intraoperative infusions of balanced electrolyte solution (BES)-based hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and saline-based albumin on metabolic acidosis and acid/base changes during major abdominal surgery conducted using Stewart's approach. Methods: Forty patients, aged 20-65 years, undergoing major abdominal surgery, were randomly assigned to the HES group (n = 20; received 500 ml of BES-based 6% HES 130/0.4) or the albumin group (n = 20; received 500 ml of normal saline-based 5% albumin). Acid-base parameters were measured and calculated using results obtained from arterial blood samples taken after anesthesia induction (T1), 2 hours after surgery commencement (T2), immediately after surgery (T3), and 1 hour after arriving at a postanesthetic care unit (T4). Results: Arterial pH in the HES group was significantly higher than that in the albumin group at T3 ($7.40{\pm}0.04$ vs. $7.38{\pm}0.04$, P = 0.043), and pH values exhibited significant intergroup difference over time (P = 0.002). Arterial pH was significantly lower at T3 and T4 in the HES group and at T2, T3, and T4 in the albumin group than at T1. Apparent strong ion difference (SIDa) was significantly lower at T2, T3, and T4 than at T1 in both groups. Total plasma weak nonvolatile acid ($A_{TOT}$) was significantly lower in the HES group than in the albumin group at T2, T3 and T4 and exhibited a significant intergroup difference over time (P < 0.001). Conclusions: BES-based 6% HES infusion was associated with lower arterial pH values at the end of surgery than saline-based 5% albumin infusion, but neither colloid caused clinically significant metabolic acidosis (defined as an arterial pH < 7.35).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.457-460
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• 1989

This work was carried out to get some informations about blood types and their researches, involved blood stock and genetic identification. Horses examined were total 55 heads of sire, mare and their progeny in Korean Horse Affairs Association. 1. Albumin phenotypes of 26 mare were examined. The appearance of phenotype AA, BB, AB, was 1, 18, 7 respectively. The gene frequency of albumin A was 0.17 and albumin B was 0.76. 2. The appearance of phenotype AA, BB, AB in 29 progeny was 1, 16, 12 respectively. The gene frequency of albumin A was 0.24 and albumin B was 0.76. The gene frequency of gene A was higher than their parents. 3. Identification of the relationship between parents and their progeny was also examined. 4 of type AB between AA & BB, 4 of type BB between BB & BB, 13 of type AB between BB & AB were borned. In third case, all of progeny was type AB. This results suggest positive relationship between them.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2013

Herein we present a diagnostic paper chip that can quantitatively detect albumin without external electronic reader and dispensing apparatus. We fabricated a diagnostic paper chip device by printing wax barrier on the paper and wicking it with citrate buffer and tetrabromophenol blue to detect albumin in sample solution. The paper chip is so simple that we dropped a sample solution at sample pad and measure the ratio of two travel distances of the sample solvent and albumin under the name of retention factor. Our result confirmed that the retention factor was constant in the samples with same concentration of albumin and useful determinant for the measurement of albumin concentration. The paper chip is affordable and equipment-free, and close to ideal point-of-care test in accordance with the assured criteria, outlined by the World Health Organization. We assume that this diagnostic paper chip will expand the concept of colorimetric determination and provide a inexpensive diagnostic method to aging society and developing country.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.413-421
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• 1987

토끼에서 bovine serum albumin gradients로 성(性)의 전선택(前選擇)이 가능(可能)한지를 알아보기 위하여 6%, 10% 및 20%의 농도(濃度)를 달리한 bovine serum albumin을 사용한 방법(方法)으로 고활력정자(高活力精子)를 분리수집하여 정자(精子)의 성상(性狀)과 분리된 정액(精液)의 인공수정시(人工授精時)에 있어서 자토(仔兎)의 성비(性比)를 비교관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Bovine serum albumin을 사용하여 분리(分離)된 정자(精子)는 임신율(妊娠率)에 있어서는 대조군에 비해 높은 성적(成績)을 나타내었으나, 자토(仔兎)의 성비(性比)에 있어서는 변화를 일으키지 못하였다. 2. Bovine serum albumin에 의해 분리(分離)된 정자(精子)는 대조군에 비하여 운동성(運動性), 정상정자율(正常精子率) 및 전진운동성(前進運動性)이 현저히 높았으며, 정자회수율(精子回數率)은 6%일 때 가장 높았다. 3. 원정액(原精液)으로부터 bovine serum albumin을 사용하여 고활력정자(高活力精子)를 분리(分離)한 후(後) 냉동(冷凍)한 정액(精液)의 융해후(融解後) 정자운동성(精子運動性), 정상정자율(正常精子率) 및 전진운동성(前進運動性)은 대조군에 비하여 현저히 높았다.

• 청정기술
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2021

항생제는 감염병 환자의 치료, 농수축산업의 생산성 향상을 위한 목적으로 광범위하게 사용되는 약물이다. 그러나 항생제 과용 및 낮은 생분해성으로 인해 상당량이 하수로 누출되어 환경오염을 유발하며 내성 박테리아 출현을 촉진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 생분해성 혈청 단백질인 알부민을 항생제 흡착제로 사용하기 위한 가능성을 탐구하였다. 혈청 알부민은 다양한 대사 산물과 호르몬을 모든 조직의 혈관 외 공간으로 운반하는 천연 혈액 단백질이다. 혈청 알부민은 수용성이 높지만 이온성, 친수성 또는 소수성 분자를 쉽게 수용하는 고유 결합 부위를 가지고 있어 나노 흡착제로 유망한 물질이다. 코아세르베이션(coacervation)을 유도하기 위해 탈용매제인 에탄올을 알부민 수용액에 적가하여 150 ~ 170 nm 크기 범위의 알부민 나노 입자로 탈수화 및 액-액분리 하였다. 글루타르알데히드 가교제를 첨가할 경우 알부민 나노입자의 크기 안정성 및 동질성이 증가하였다. 항생제 아목시실린에 대한 알부민 나노입자의 흡착능 평가에서 가교제 사용 농도, pH에 따른 흡착능의 차이가 관찰되었다. 분광광도법으로 측정한 알부민 나노입자의 단위질량당(mg) 최대 흡착능은 pH 4.0 수용액에서 아목시실린 12.4 마이크로그램(㎍)이다. 이러한 결과는 물에서 항생제를 제거하는 천연 나노 흡착제를 제조하기 위한 구성 물질로서 혈청 알부민의 잠재력을 보여준다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.245-266
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• 1984

As a fundamental study to increase the reproductive efficiency in cattle, highly motile sperm were separated and collected from raw semen, extended semen and frozen semen by different methods using various concentrations of bovine serum albumin or Tyrode's solution. Various characteristics and light microscopic and electron-microscopic morphology of sperm separated by different methods were compared. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The sperm separated from raw semen using bovine serum albumin showed significantly high value in motility, motile sperm count, percent of normal sperm and progressive motility, as compared with control sperm and revealed the highest sperm recovery rate when separated with 6% bovine serum albumin. 2. The sperm motility, percent of normal sperm and progressive motility of the highly motile sperm frozen after being separated from raw semen with bovine serum albumin, showed significantly high value than those of a control sperm and especially found the highest value when separated with 20% bovine serum albumin. 3. Light-microscopic percent of abnormality was significantly low in the prefrozen and postfrozen highly motile sperm separated with bovine serum albumin, as compared with control sperm. 4. Electron-microscopic finding of the highly motile sperm separated with bovine serum albumin showed low percent of deformity in the dilatation and vesiculation of cell membrane, in dilatation and density loss of acrosome than in those of control sperm. 5. It was impossible to separate the highly motile sperm from frozen semen with bovine serum albumin, but it was possible with Tyrode's solution. 6. Recovery rate of highly motile sperm from raw semen extended semen and frozen semen was the highest when the sperm pellet stood in Tyrde's solution for 80 minutes. 7. The highly motile sperm separated from raw semen, extended semen and frozen semen with Tyrode's solution showed significantly high value in motility, progressive motility and percent of normal sperm, as compared with control sperm. 8. Highly motile sperm, when separated from raw semen, extended semen and frozen semen with Tyrode's solution, showed significantly low percent of microscopic abnormality as compared with control sperm.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1984

In order to obtain high proportion of Y sperm the semen was laid over 6%,10% and 20% bovine serum albumin. Separated sperm were stained with quinacrine mustard in order to see F - body which could be seen in human Y sperm. But we could'nt find F-body in the bull sperm. So sperm were compared with size of sperm head. As a result of observation separated sperm was small in size of length and width of sperm head as compared with control sperm. So it was found that the proportion of Y sperm showed a marked increase in separated layer. Then the higher albumin density was, the higher the proportion of Y sperm which had smaller head and faster motility was. But the higher albumin density was, the lower the recovery rate of sperm was. So it was hard to separate Y sperm in oligospermia.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1984

Binding of sic cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefuroxime, cafazoline, cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephacetrile) to human serum albumin was studied. Fluorescence probe technique and difference spectrophotometry were employed to evaluate the nature and degree of association of cephalosporin-albumin complex. 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-surfonate was used as the fluorescence probe, and 2-(4'-hydroxybenzeneazo)benzoic acid as the UV spectrophotometric probe. Competitive bindings between cephalosporins and probe were observed. For the binding of cephalosporins to human serum albumin, three binding sites were identified by fluorescence probe technique but four binding constants of cephalosporins to human serum albumin measured by fluorescence probe technique are higher than those meausred by UV spectrophotometry.