• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.364-367
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• 2003

In this study, we develop a method for recognizing face images by combining wavelet decomposition, fisherface method, and fuzzy integral. The proposed approach comprises of four main stages. The first stage uses the wavelet decomposition. As a result of this decomposition, we obtain four subimages. The second stage of the approach applies a fisherface method to these four subimage sets. The two last phases are concerned with the generation of the degree of fuzzy membership and the aggregation of the individual classifiers by means of the fuzzy integral. The experimental results obtained for the CNU and Yale face databases reveal that the approach presented in this study yields better classification performance in comparison to the results produced by other classifiers.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2015

In this study, we pursue a new direction for system modeling by introducing the concept of granular models, which produce results in the form of information granules (such as intervals, fuzzy sets, and rough sets). We present a rationale and several key motivating arguments behind the use of granular models and discuss their underlying design processes. The development of the granular model includes optimal allocation of information granularity through optimizing the criteria of coverage and specificity. The emergence and construction of granular models of type-2 and type-n (in general) is discussed. It is shown that achieving a suitable coverage-specificity tradeoff (compromise) is essential for developing granular models.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.264-268
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• 1998

Dopamine (DA) acts on swimming motor neurons (SMNs) of Polyorchis penicillatus as an inhibitory neurotransmitter by hyperpolarizing their membrane potentials, which results from the activation of voltagesensitive potassium channels mediated through a $D_2-type$ receptor. In addition, DA, and not the hyperpolarized membrane potential, directly decreased the input resistance of SMNs by ca. 50% from 1.42 to 0.68 $G{\Omega}$. It strongly indicates that DA can shunt other excitatory synaptic signals onto SMNs where DA usually elicited much greater responses in their neurites than soma. All these evidences suggest that DA may operate in this primitive nervous system in dual modes as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and neuromodulator as well.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.207-216
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• 1997

Estimation of loads on tunnel lining is one of the major issues to be addressed in the design of a tunnel. The existing analytical methods do not consider important details of construction and the variation of geology along the tunnel axis. The measured loads obtained from several sanitary and subway tunnels in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, are compared with the lining loads calculated using the existing analytical methods. However, the existing methods are determined to be not fully satisfactory for the estimation of lining loads. To account for face and heading effects occurring prior to lining installation, the stress reduction factor determined using Eisenstein and Negro's method is used coupled with an analytical solution for calculation of lining loads.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 1996

To swimming motor neurons (SMNs) of Polyorchis penicillatus, a hydrozoan medusae, dopamine (DA) acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter by hyperpolarizing its membrane potential and decreasing its firing rate as well. Such an inhibitory action of DA is caused by an increased permeability to potassium (K) ions. To investigate whether voltage-gated K channels are directly responsible for the membrane hyperpolarization induced by DA, we employed whole-cell voltage clamp configuration. One ${\mu}M$ DA applied to SMNs increased the peak and rear values of voltage-gated K currents by 37 and 54%, respectively, in a reversible manner. Combined with subtraction analysis, this result suggests that the outflux of K ions by DA in SMNs occurs mainly through rectifier-like K channels.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-155
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• 2017

We present relatively simple derivations of the Helfrich energy potential that has been widely adopted in the analysis of lipid membranes without detailed explanations. Through the energy variation methods (within the limit of Helfrich energy potential), we obtained series of analytical solutions in the case when the lipid membranes are excited through their edges. These affordable solutions can be readily applied in the related membrane experiments. In particular, it is shown that, in case of an elliptic cross section of a rigid substrate differing slightly from a circle and subjected to the incremental deformations, exact analytical expressions describing deformed configurations of lipid membranes can be obtained without the extensive use of Mathieu's function.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.123-137
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• 2011

We review a series of crack problems arising in the general deformations of a linearly elastic solid (Mode-I, Mode-II and Mode-III crack) and, perhaps more significantly, when the contribution of surface effects are taken into account. The surface mechanics are incorporated using the continuum based surface/interface model of Gurtin and Murdoch. We show that the deformations of an elastic solid containing a single crack can be decoupled into in-plane (Mode-I and Mode-II crack) and anti-plane (Mode-III crack) parts, even when the surface mechanics is introduced. In particular, it is shown that, in contrast to classical fracture mechanics (where surface effects are neglected), the incorporation of surface elasticity leads to the more accurate description of a finite stress at the crack tip. In addition, the corresponding stress fields exhibit strong dependency on the size of crack.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.150-156
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• 2003

In this paper, an uplink MC-CDMA system incorporating multiuser detection and smart antennas has been considered. The performance of asynchronous as well as synchronous system is studied over a correlated Rayleigh multipath slow fading channel. A simplified array-processing algorithm suitable for slow fading situation is investigated to overcome the heavy computational complexity associated with Eigen solutions. The effect of variable data rate in the system performance is considered and effectiveness of antenna array to handle high data rate is discussed. A brief investigation on the system performance degradation due to correlated channel is also carried out. Based on the extensive simulation carried out, the performance of the asynchronous uplink system is found dramatically improved with antenna array and multiuser detection. Asynchronicity and channel correlation are found to affect the system performance significantly. The investigated simpli- fied algorithm produces similar results as Eigen solutions in slow fading situation with much reduced complexity.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.397-412
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• 2011

Granular Computing has emerged as a unified and coherent framework of designing, processing, and interpretation of information granules. Information granules are formalized within various frameworks such as sets (interval mathematics), fuzzy sets, rough sets, shadowed sets, probabilities (probability density functions), to name several the most visible approaches. In spite of the apparent diversity of the existing formalisms, there are some underlying commonalities articulated in terms of the fundamentals, algorithmic developments and ensuing application domains. In this study, we introduce two pivotal concepts: a principle of justifiable granularity and a method of an optimal information allocation where information granularity is regarded as an important design asset. We show that these two concepts are relevant to various formal setups of information granularity and offer constructs supporting the design of information granules and their processing. A suite of applied studies is focused on knowledge management in which case we identify several key categories of schemes present there.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 1975

The Nilsson model was used to predict energy levels of $^{53}$ Mn without taking band mixing into consideration. The results were compared with the experimental levels and the predictions with band mixing of Malik ana Scholz. In both cases, with band mixing and without band mixing, the theoretical fit to experimental results is fair only for a few low-tying levels. However, it is found that the present calculation fits rather better to experiment than the band mixing calculation as far as higher levels are concerned.