• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2009

In our ongoing search for biological components from the Korea endemic plants, the MeOH extract of Ailanthus altissima leaves (Simaroubaceae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual inhibitory activity by assessing their effects on the production of prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$) and leukotriene $C_4$ ($LTC_4$) in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). In further study, eight compounds, squalene (1), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (2), scopoletin (3), quercetin (4), luteolin (5), astragalin (6), scopolin (7), and daucosterol (8) were isolated, the chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic data and by comparison with those of published literatures. Among the compounds, 2, 4, and 5 strongly inhibited both the COX-2-dependent PGD2 generation with $IC_{50}$ values of 2.6, 7.3 and 2.5 ${\mu}M$, respectively and the generation of $LTC_4$ in the 5-LOX dependent phase with $IC_{50}$ values of 2.0, 5.1 and 1.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively, which suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of A. altissima might occur in part via the inhibition of both $PGD_2$ and $LTC_4$ generation by 2, 4 and 5.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.550-560
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to research spatial diffusion, a condition for spread of Ailanthus altissima, and conduct flora analysis to provide useful information for management of it. Three research spots where the community dominance value was found to be high and habitat was homogeneous according to a 2010 in-depth species study were selected, and census was conducted using a line-transect method. The diffusion area included 1,435 $m^2$ in Yangpyeong, 1,118 $m^2$ in Gimcheon and 760 $m^2$ in Sancheong, in order of increasing size, and a total of 510 trees were found to be randomly diffused in space. An average of 83.2% of Ailanthus altissima were found to be included in DBH classes I (1.0-3.4 cm) and II (3.5-6.4 cm), showing that young trees were dominant in Ailanthus altissima communities and there was an age diffusion pattern according to degree of disturbance in habitats. A total of 41 families 75 genera and 91 species of flora made up the list, and Therophytes were most widely found in all of the three areas. This shows that habitats in these areas have recently been disturbed. It was evaluated that elimination of roadside population and mountainous area population was necessary to prevent diffusion of Ailanthus altissima.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

Ailanthus altissima, which is recognized as an invasive tree in the Western world, has been widely observed in Japan. To investigate how A. altissima expanded within-population and to new populations within a region, 446 A. altissima trees were sampled from three separate sites (A, B, and C) including 35 distantly positioned patches, with three chloroplast DNA markers and nine nuclear microsatellite markers. We detected 2, 2, and 3 chloroplast haplotypes in sites A, B, and C, respectively. In addition, 271, 40, and 41 nuclear genotypes were detected in sites A, B, and C, respectively. The clonal richness value was 0.85, 0.78, and 0.53 in sites A, B, and C, respectively. Most trees with the same genotypes were distributed in the same patch, indicating that range expansion by asexual reproduction was limited to a maximum of 45 meters. According to autocorrelation analysis, the extent of nonrandom spatial genetic structure was approximately 0-2 km in sites A and C. KINGROUP analyses showed that 812, 74, and 111 nuclear genotype pairs were detected to have kinship in sites A, B, and C, respectively. Most nuclear genotype pairs were detected within the same patches or sites. These results indicate that the number of A. altissima trees gradually increased from seeds, some of which were produced by trees within sites, meaning that this species could regenerate naturally. This shows the need for the future management of A. altissima as an invasive species in Japan.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2007

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.2759-2761
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.264.1-264.1
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• 2003

In order to search for the anti-HIV agents from natural products, Eighty MeOH extracts of medicinal plants were applied to a syncytia formation inhibition assay which is based on the interaction between the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120/gp41 and the cellular membrane protein CD4 of T lymphocytes. Among them, Ailanthus altissima showed a potent virus-cell fusion inhibitory activity. (omitted)

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.261-268
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• 2008

This study was carried out to analyze the components of the roots, stems, and leaves of Ailanthus altissima to obtain basic data on the nutritional and functional materials developed a functional food with A. altissima. Among the general components, crude ash (9.20%) in the roots, crude protein (11.36%) in leaves, and carbohydrates (81.74%) in stems were higher than other parts. The content of soluble protein was the highest 9,839.52 mg% in leaves. Reducing sugar and free sugar in roots were 1,813.94 mg% 1,140.20 mg% and 1,670.98 mg% 1,190.42 mg% in leaves, respectively. The contents of free amino acid (2,018.58 mg%) in roots were higher than leaves (1,070.88 mg%) and stems (427.55 mg%). Especially arginine (1,446.63 mg%) and aspartic acid (252.82 mg%) in roots were the highest. Total content of amino acid derivatives were 780.70 mg% in leaves and 430.95 mg% in roots. Especially, taurine was 61.68 mg% in roots. In the results of mineral analysis, the contents of Ca, K and Mg which account for 83% to 98% of mineral contents, were high in all parts. The polyphenol compounds in leaves and water extract of leaves were 821.58 mg% and 8,040.35 mg%. And contents of flavonoids were 2,501.67 mg% in leaves and 13,592.20 mg% in ethanol extract of leaves, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.2
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• pp.216-219
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• 2006

After long exposure to low-density $SO_2$ the five tree species showed different changes in their visible damage: Ailanthus altissima showed no visible damage; Acanthopanax sessiliflorus, Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa, and Platanus orientalis showed typical damage of yellow spots on their leaves; and Liriodendron tulipifera showed serious damage on the end of leaf tip. The photosynthesis rate of Liriodendron tulipifera and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus was usually lower than the control group: Ailanthus altissima, Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa, and Platanus orientalis showed no difference from the control group, while Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Liriodendron tulipifera showed large changes. In regard to the light compensation points, Ailanthus altissima showed similar values, Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa and Platanus orientalis exposed to $SO_2$, showed 3 to $5{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ higher values than the control group, and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Liriodendron tulipifera exposed to $SO_2$ showed approximately twice higher light compensation points.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2006

Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima Swingle) as an invasive alien plant, appeared usually in the disturbed locations such as road-side, incised slope, and trampling path-side. They appeared abundantly in the trampling pathside but they did not appear or were rare in the interior of forest. Density and importance value of tree of heaven were proportionate to the relative light intensity measured according to distance from the trampling path toward forest interior and closely related to the breadth of trampling path as well. They were associated with annual, other exotic species or ruderal plants well. Distributional pattern of mature trees of them in the study area and its surrounding environments implied that they were introduced intentionally. Size class distribution of them showed that they are in expansion and artificial interferences such as, installing physical training space and developing hiking course functioned as trigger factors in their invasion and expansion. The results support the facts known generally in relation to invasion and expansion of the invasive alien plants. In this viewpoint, we suggest a management plan that applies ecological restoration principles to address ecosystems infected with tree of heaven by restoring the integral feature of the degraded nature and conserving the remained nature more thoroughly.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.127-130
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• 2011

One new tirucallane-type triterpenoid, alianthusaltinin A (1), one new $C_{29}$ sterone, alianthaltone A (2), and 12 known compounds have been isolated from the stem bark of Ailanthus altissima. The structures of new compounds were identified by means of spectroscopic methods. Compound 3 was isolated from natural sources for the first time, and compounds 4, 5, and 9 were isolated from this plant for the first time.