• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.8-19
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• 2023

Adzuki beans have gained popularity in recent years due to their health benefits. Breeding of Adzuki beans is less favorable than with other legumes due to low genetic diversity. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 252 adzuki bean germplasms from China, Japan, and Korea using 18 agro-morphological parameters and comparing their performance to three prominent Korean cultivars: Geomguseul, Arari, and Chungjupat. Leaf shape, pod color, and seed coat color were among the qualitative traits that showed wide variations. The quantitative variables also showed wide variations among adzuki bean germplasms. Although there was no significant difference (p < 0.05), the average rate of germination declined in the order of Korean (91.44%) > Chinese (91.31%) > Japanese (87.47%) adzuki beans. Chinese adzuki beans needed fewer days to flower (DF, 58.22 days) and days to mature (DM, 107.13 days), which varied significantly compared to the Korean and Japanese adzuki beans (p < 0.05). The average number of pods per plant (PPP) and one-hundred seeds weight (HSW) were higher in Japanese adzuki beans compared to the Korean and Chinese adzuki beans although the variation of each was not significant. Almost 29.76% of the accessions had early-blooming flowers, 3.97% were premature, 21.43% produced more PPP, and 3.97% yielded more SPP compared to control cultivars. Results of hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses revealed three clusters with significant variation in all quantitative variables except for RG (p < 0.05). The key factors in multivariate analyses were DF, DM, and HSW. Our study investigated the genetic diversity of adzuki bean accessions and identified ten early maturing and ten high PPP-yielding accessions. Our findings would help farmers and breeders to select the top-performing accessions that can provide them with various options.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2021

다양하고 우수한 밀의 유전자원을 확보하는 것은 앞으로 한국의 밀 육종에서 매우 중요한 임무이다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국뿐만 아니라 세계 60여개국으로부터 수집된 1967점의 유전자원을 확보하였고, 2018년부터 2019년까지 2년 동안 이들 자원에 대하여 특성 조사를 실시하였다. 최근 기후변화에 따라 고온과 이상기온 현상이 빈번하게 발생하고 있기 때문에, 한국의 환경에 적합하고, 특히 밀의 간장, 출수기, 성숙기 등 주요 농업 특성에 주목하였다. 2018년은 유수분얼기 및 출수기에 이상고온 현상이 나타났고, 2019년은 성숙기에 잦은 비로 인한 일조량 감소 현상이 있었다. 이와 같은 이유로 밀의 출수기와 성숙기의 변화가 확인이 되었다. 그러나 모든 자원이 같은 양상으로 변화하지는 않았다. 출수기와 성숙기가 빨라지거나 늦어졌고, 또한 기후에 상관없이 변화가 없는 밀도 있었다. 밀의 간장은 2019년이 2018년에 비해 평균 20 cm 증가하였다. 이 같은 이유는 2018년 월동기 기온의 상승이 원인일 것으로 생각되나 더욱 세밀한 연구가 필요하다. 또한 밀의 간장은 출수기와 성숙기와 상관관계를 보였고, 2018년과 2019년에 각각 35%와 20% 상관관계지수를 나타냈다. 이들 결과를 바탕으로 출수가 빠르고 성숙기간이 짧으며, 기후의 영향을 덜 받는 자원은 앞으로 한국의 밀 육종에 매우 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Daeduckchal 1 waxy corn hybrid including check was planted and compared with domestic leading vatiety on agronomic characteristics, traits related to table gualities and crude income. Stem and ear height of Daeduckchal 1 among used hybrids were intermediate and stem diameter was also similar to other hybrids. Days to tasseling of this hybrid needed 56 days which was slightly shorter than check hybrid, Yeonnong. Ear length of CNU-H2 was longer than Yeonnongchal as 21.7 cm, while Chalok 2 was 14.1 cm. Number of tillers per plant of this hybrid were higher than Chalok 2 but lower than Yeonnong. Pericarp thickness of CNU-H2 and CNU-H3 were similar to Yeonnon. In sugar content, Daeduckchal 1 was intermediate level as 11.7 brix(%). Marketability of Daeduckchal 1 was the highest among used hybrids and crude incomes was also high.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.224-230
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• 2015

Next generation sequencing technologies provide opportunities to reveal the genetic variants and differentially expressedgenes. The genetic variants are closely relevance to understanding of genes and phenotypic differences related to agronomic characteristics among cultivars. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq using two Korean soybean accessions, including Daewon and Hwangkeum, by using next generation sequencing against Williams 82 genome as reference. A number of variants such assingle nucleotide variants (SNV), multiple nucleotide variants (MNV), insertion/deletion (InDel) and replacement, was 34,411 and 55,544 in Daewon and Hwangkeum, respectively. Among these variants, 9,611 nonsynonymous variants were detected within 4,290 genes in Daewon and 13,225 non-synonymous variants were located on 5,672 genes in Hwangkeum. The distribution of nonsynonymous variants and expression values of genes can serve as invaluable resource for genotyping and study of traits within genes for soybean improvements.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.22-34
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• 1998

Coarse grain crops including maize, sorghum, buckwheat, fox-tail millet, pearl millet, proso millet and barnyard millet have been used as health food, feed and industrial materials in Korea for a long time. Korean ancestors thought and treated them as the very important good crops for human health and the crops have served as a dish made with all the grains, particularly in January 15 of the lunar month in korea because the grains make the five viscera of heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys and the six entrails of gall bladder, stomach, small and large intestines, the paunch, the bladder, and the bowels strong and build healthy body. Thus, the objectives of the paper were to review and summarize the results obtained from the quality breeding and functional researches worldwide on nutrition, utilization and medical action of the coarse grain crops. Maize grain, fresh ear and green fodder yields have increased since 1960s in Korea. Agronomic traits improvements also occurred for cold tolerance, disease and insect resistance, resistance to barrenness, resistance to loding, pollen production, grain and seed yields, and eating quality. For buckwheat, improved summer buckwheat varieties produced more rutin for vegetable and grain than autumn varieties in Korea

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-138
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• 1994

Potato Virus Y(PVY), vein necrosis strain, in Korea causes severe symptoms on burley tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.). As the results, programs to incorporate PVY resistance into commercial cultivars were initiatEd. But the development of the homozygous fertile line resistant to PVY is time consumming. This study was conducted whether the Fl hybrid could be used to reduce the yield losses caused by PVY. Four F1 hybrids were made between male - sterile(ms) NC 107 and KB 107 as maternal parent, and TC 612 and TC 613 as Pollen donor, respectively, and were evaluated for their PVY resistance and negatively associated traits. (ms NC 107 X TC 612) F1, named as KB 109, Ivas applied to yield trial and compared with commercial cultivars for the level of disease resistance, agronomic characteristics, chemical contents and physical properties. All Fl hybrid could be used commercially as the PVY resistant cultivar. Especially KB 109 have the resistance against PVY, tobacco mosaic virus and black shank(Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae). It had wider leaves, flowered one day later, and yield of acceptable quality was higher than that of Burley 21, standard cultivar in Korea.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제19권
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• pp.47-51
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• 1975

중부이남 각지역에서 수집한 727계통의 재래종에 대한 1엽당 엽면적을 측정하고, 이 형질과 이이외의 몇가지 형질들과의 관련성을 조사하였다. 1. 엽면적, 엽장, 엽폭 그리고 엽형지수이전계통에 대한 평균치는 각각 111.4$\textrm{cm}^2$, 12.2cm, 9.1cm, 그리고 1.35이였으며, 이들의 분포는 정규분포에 극히 유사하였다. 2. 엽면적과 엽장, 엽폭, 초장 그리고 종실의 크기와는 고도의 정의 상관관계에 있고, 분지수와는 부의 상관이였고, 절수와 수량과의 상관성이 인정되지 않았다. 한편 엽형지수와 엽면적, 엽장, 그리고 수량간에는 상관이 없었으나, 엽폭과는 고도의 상관관계에 있으므로 엽형은 엽장보다 엽폭변이에 의존하는 것 같다.3. 공시집단을 대엽군과 소엽군으로 분류하고 양군간에 종실수량, 초장 및 절수를 비교한즉 차이가 없었으나, 종실종, 분지수 그리고 엽형지수는 양군간에 유의한 차가 있었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2010

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a major cereal crop that has been developed as a monocot model species. In past decades rice researchers have established valuable resources for functional genomics in rice, such as complete genome sequencing, high-density genetic maps, a full length cDNA database, genome-wide transcriptome data, and a large number of mutants. Of these, rice mutant lines are very important to definitively determine functions of genes associated with valuable agronomic traits. In this review we summarize the progress of functional genomics approaches in rice using T-DNA mutants.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.401-410
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• 2006

The plastid transformation approach offers a number of unique advantages, including high-level transgene expression, multi-gene engineering, transgene containment, and a lack of gene silencing and position effects. The extension of plastid transformation technology to monocotyledonous cereal crops, including rice, bears great promise for the improvement of agronomic traits, and the efficient production of pharmaceutical or nutritional enhancement. Here, we report a promising step towards stable plastid transformation in rice. We produced fertile transplastomic rice plants and demonstrated transmission of the plastidexpressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) and aminoglycoside 3′-adenylyltransferase genes to the progeny of these plants. Transgenic chloroplasts were determined to have stably expressed the GFP, which was confirmed by both confocal microscopy and Western blot analyses. Although the produced rice plastid transformants were found to be heteroplastomic, and the transformation efficiency requires further improvement, this study has established a variety of parameters for the use of plastid transformation technology in cereal crops.

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2004

Frequent occurrence of off-type plants in a given cultivar has been a serious problem in both breeder's and farmer's fields. An experiment was designed to examine the differences in rate of occurrence of off-type plants among Tongil-type cultivars (high yielding cultivars derived from indica/japonica hybridization) from which the possible cause of higher occurrence of off-type plant in a specific cultivar was deduced. Among five Tongil-type cultivars examined for morphological variant in the field, only one cultivar, Dasanbyeo, had off-type plants. When analyzed with SSR markers, off-type plants showed different band patterns from original cultivar, having several extra bands in addition to cultivar-specific band, suggesting that off-type plants were originated from Dasanbyeo, rather than originated from mixing or mishandling of seed materials with other cultivars. The possible cause of off-type occurrence seems to be natural pollination with other cuItivars adjacent to the original cultivar during seed multiplication. This was supported from the observation that self-crossed progeny of the off type plants showed a wide range of variation of agronomic traits which could not be observed when there was a smaller introduction of genes to the fixed germplasm as happened in the case of cultivar mutation. Another evidence supported this idea that Dasanbyeo showed much of difference in floral organ and behavior to other cultivar to be subjected to higher out-crossing than other cultivars examined.