• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.159-167
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the potential promise of Chamaecyparis obtusa oil as a natural antioxidant. C. obtusa oil and its fractions were subjected to screening for their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and ammonium thiocyanate method. In the first case, $IC_{50}$ value of the C. obtusa oil was determined as $40{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$. At $0.5{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$ concentration level, free radical scavenging effect of fraction G determined as 66.94% was the highest among the fractions of C. obtusa oil. In the ammonium thiocyanate method, essential oil of C. obtusa and its fraction C, D, and E showed activities of 72.0%, 71.2%, 71.9% and 71.1%, respectively. Fraction G, most active fraction, was mainly consisted of $\alpha$-terpineol, elemol, widdrol and $\alpha$-cadinol.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.108-112
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• 2009

Antioxidant and anticancer effects of methanolic extracts from the flesh (WFME) and peel (WPME) of white onion, the flesh (YFME) and peel (YPME) of yellow onion, the flesh (RFME) and peel (RPME) of red onion were studied. The content of total phenolics in WFME, WPME, YPME, YFME, RPME, and RFME were $0.260{\pm}0.01$, $4.480{\pm}0.23$, $0.319{\pm}0.02$, $719.12{\pm}37.36$, $0.248{\pm}0.01$, and $806.21{\pm}26.38\;mg/g$, respectively. The quercetin content of WFME, WPME, YFME, YPME, RFME, and RPME were $12.56{\pm}0.19$, $3.57{\pm}0.14$, $15.24{\pm}0.65$, $755.29{\pm}22.24$, $5.70{\pm}0.23$, and $774.03{\pm}29.48\;mg$/100 g, respectively. Like total phenolics, the highest 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities were found in RPME. However, inhibitory effects on lipid oxidation of RPME were similar to those of WPME and YPME. In addition, inhibitory effect of WPME, YPME, and RPME for human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) growth were 78.43, 81.90, and 96.52% while those on human prostate cancer cell (LNcap) were 71.58, 77.93, and 98.47% at $100{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Total phenolics, quercetin content, antioxidant, and anticancer activities exhibited significant variation among the 3 onion varieties in this experiment. Therefore, it is assumed that antioxidant and anticancer activities were affected by the total phenolics and quercetin level of onion.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

The antioxidant capacity of porcine splenic hydrolysate (PSH) was studied in vitro and in vivo. Peptide hydrolysates were prepared, using the proteolytic enzyme $Alcalase^{(R)}$. The molecular weights of PSH were 37,666, 10,673, 6,029, and 2,918 g/mol. Rats were fed a 5% (w/v) PSH diet, instead of a casein diet, for 4 wk. The food intake, body weight gain, and liver weight of rats in the PSH group were similar to those in the control (CONT) group. There were no differences in the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, or albumin levels between PSH and CONT groups. However, the level of in vivo hepatic lipid peroxidation in PSH group was significantly lower than that in CONT. In vivo hepatic catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the PSH group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The in vitro protein digestibility of PSH was lower than that of casein. The in vitro trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of PSH was significantly higher than that of the peptide hydrolysate from casein. The in vitro radical scavenging activities of PSH were significantly higher than those of the peptide hydrolysate from casein. The present findings suggest that porcine splenic peptides improve the antioxidant status in rats by enhancing hepatic catalase and GSH-Px activities, and indicate a potential mechanism of radical scavenging activity during gastrointestinal passage.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidative activity of rhizome essential oil of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker. The essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation was chemically profiled by GC/MS analysis. The antioxidative activity was determined and evaluated spectroscopically by the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. According to the results, the major essential oil components were camphene (18.03%), β-pinene (14.25%), a-pinene (12.38%), endo-borneol (10.23%), β-copaene (8.38%), and linalool (8.20%). K. parviflora rhizome oil possessed antioxidant potential, exhibiting DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities as high as 80.90 and 94.04%, respectively, at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. The corresponding IC₅₀ values were 0.451±0.051 and 0.527±0.022 mg/mL, respectively (IC₅₀ values for ascorbic acid, as the standard, were 0.209±0.016 and 0.245±0.022 mg/mL, respectively). The mycelium of F. oxysporum was distorted and collapsed when treated with 0.5 mg/mL of the EO of K. parviflora rhizome for 3 days treatment, which may provide an important information for exploring the metabolism of the fungicide K. parviflora rhizome and its derived compounds against F. oxysporum. This study provides the chemical properties of the essential oil of K. parviflora rhizome grown in Vietnam and their potential antioxidant and antifungal activities.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.307-325
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the regional variations in which appear during the formation process of educational community in rural villages from the perspective of regional innovation theory. The study results revealed that the activities to form an educational community of the Songak village significantly influenced the variations across the social, economic and environmental aspects beyond an innovation of public education within the region based on interrelation between schools and villages. In other words, the activities including interactions and group learnings have been actively promoted among the various relevant stakeholders, thereby resulting in a variety of positive variations such as expanded regional welfare base, activated voluntary residents community gatherings based on the unity and cooperation, broadened socioeconomic opportunities, satisfaction on educational and cultural desires, and construction of healthy ecological environment in the region. Therefore, it is thought that regional development policy suitable for each region needs to be established by embracing the fact that activities to form a village educational community entail significant implication and value as the comprehensive regional innovation activities across the entire domains in each region.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.475-500
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• 2011

One of the first important strategic decisions when a starting an organic marketing initiative (OMI) is to plan the right strategy for distributing products. This decision depends to a large extent on whether the OMI has chosen a quality-premium product strategy or a price-quantity strategy. All distribution decisions interact strongly with other aspects of the marketing mix. Where and how a product is distributed objectives, its chosen strategy and the availability of human and capital resources. To select a market channel, frequent contact and discussions with possible partner are important. Generally, a distribution is made between the direct and indirect physical distribution of organic products to consumers. The longer the supply chain, the lower the chances that an OMI can steer the market through its own marketing measures and convince consumers through its own promotion activities. Generally speaking, the shorter the chain between OMI products and the final consumer, the less dependent the OMI will be on the success of other market actors. Direct selling activities to the retail or food industries also requires an OMI to undertake additional processing and marketing activities. For example, retailers often expect products to have been packed and labelled ready for sale. To conclude, distribution channels should be chosen in accordance with the product and price policy as well as the management capacity of the OMI.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.325-329
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• 2001

Soil enzyme and microbial activities are affected by fertilizer and compost applications and can be used as sensitive indicators of ecological stability. Microbial population and soil enzymes viz., dehydrogenase, urease, acid phosphatase and aryl-sulphatase were determined in the long-term fertilizer and compost applied paddy soil. Soil samples were collected from the four treatments (control, compost, NPK and compost+NPK). Long-term NPK+compost application significantly increased activities of urease, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase than all other treatments. The compost application enhanced activities of urease, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase than the NPK application. However, arylsulfatase activity was not significantly different between compost and fertilizer application. The highest microbial population was recorded in the NPK+compost treatment. The compost application also resulted in higher microbial population than the NPK application. The above results indicate that ecological stability could be maintained by application of compost alone or with NPK.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.145-162
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• 2018

This is a survey on farming activities of intensive major course's graduates of Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries(KNCAF). Above all, major characteristics of graduates of intensiv major course cases are as follows. First, They make an effort to secure of agriculture competitiveness through an increase in farm size, and then strive for their specialty. Second, They are leading value based agriculture through an innovations in techniques. According to analysis results, intensive major course's examples have the following features: aim at environmentally-friendly agriculture, actively introduction of new technology, continued research activity, community reinvigoration and leading development of agriculture through active network. Finally, This result in various certifications and awards(environment friendly certification, HACCP certification, non antibiotic/pesticide-free certification, organic certification etc.). Therefore, there are necessity of various intitutional and political supports in order that they grow the core people and leader of farm village.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.32-33
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• 2004

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2009

The antioxidant properties of green tea leaves and powder extracts were determined using several tests including estimation of reducing power, DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity, and FRAP(Ferric reducing/antioxidant power) assay. All tests indicated that extracts of green tea powder had higher antioxidant activities than extracts of green tea leaves, and the activities were concentration-dependent. However, each test yielded somewhat different results with respect to storage conditions. The reducing power of green tea leaves was highest at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$, storage at $4^{\circ}C$, and an Aw(water activity) value of 0.23. However, the reducing power of green tea powder, assayed at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$, was high under all storage conditions(with variations in temperature and Aw), and was about 1.5.2-fold greater than that of green tea leaves. Radical-scavenging activity, as assessed by the DPPH assay, increased in a dose-dependent manner over the range $15{\sim}125{\mu}g/mL$. At higher concentrations, activities were $80{\sim}90%$ of maximal were attained. The FRAP activity of green tea extract also increased with rising concentration. Particularly in the case of green tea leaves, antioxidant activity was most greatest with storage at $-20^{\circ}C$ and Aw values of 0.69 and 0.23 when assayed at a concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. These results indicate that the most important factor during storage of green tea is not the Aw value but rather temperature, and that use of refrigeration($4^{\circ}C$) is preferable to increase or maintain the antioxidant activities of biological components in green tea.