• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.138-141
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• 2009

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp sometimes exhibits unusually aggressive behavior. We report a case of extradordinarily aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp with invasion into the skull and dura mater. Method: The patient is a 38-year-old man with two cystic masses on the occipital area. He was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma in that region and have undergone surgical resections including cortical osteotomy of the skull, several years ago. On this occasion, 3-dimensional computed tomographic imaging revealed an erosive lesion on the occipital bone and magnetic resonance imaging showed two cystic masses invasion into the skull and dura mater. Results: He has undergone wide resection of the masses and cranioplasty with dural repair. Histopathologic examination indicated squamous cell carcinoma with moderate differentiation of the masses, bone marrow and dura mater. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma on the scalp can readily penetrate the full thickness of the cranium and invade the dura mater, sagittal sinus and brain. We suggest wide resection of the scalp and split thickness skin graft with sentinel lymph node biopsy, following by postoperative radiation therapy.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.98-112
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• 2018

Intentional aggressive driving (IAD) is a very dangerous driving behavior that threatens to attack the adjacent vehicles. Most existing studies have focused on the independent driving characteristics of attack drivers. However, the identification of interactions between the offender and the victim is necessary for the traffic safety analysis. This study established multi-agent driving simulation environments to systematically analyze vehicle interactions in terms of traffic safety. Time-to-collision (TTC) was adopted to quantify vehicle interactions in terms of traffic safety. In addition, a exponential decay function was further applied to compare the overall pattern of change in crash potentials when IAD events occurred. The outcome of this study would be useful in developing policy-making activities to enhance traffic safety by reducing dangerous driving events including intentional aggressive driving.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

Objectives: The tall cell variant is an uncommon variant and has been known as more aggressive form of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Owing to the rarity of these thyroid cancers, their clinical behavior remains incompletely understood. To elucidate the clinicopathologic characteristics of tall cell variant, we retrospectively reviewed our surgical experience of patients with tall cell variant. Methods: Between August 1993 and July 2004, a total of 11 consecutive patients who were pathologically diagnosed with tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent total (8 cases) or subtotal thyroidectomy (3 cases) with central compartment node dissections. The lateral neck dissection was added in 6 patients. After the operation, neck ultrasound and serum thyroglobulin were checked regularly during the follow-up period. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.6years (range, 30-74years) at the time of diagnosis. 3 patients were men, and 8 were women. The mean diameter of tumor was 3.7cm(range, 1.5-6.0cm), and 6 patients had lateral neck node metastasis. Extrathyroidal extension was seen in 5 patients (45%). Loco-regional recurrence was found in 2 patients (18%), and distant metastasis in 1 patient (9%). The 5-year disease free survival rate was 68%. Conclusion: The tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon disease. Clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of this disease show more aggressive behaviors than ordinary papillary thyroid carcinoma. More aggressive treatment and close follow-up should be undertaken in the tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2011

Purpose: The odontogenic keratocysts demonstrated a high recurrence rate and a biologically aggressive nature. This might be due to unknown factors inherent in the epithelium or enzymatic activity in the fibrous wall. Bcl-2 protein is characterized by its ability to inhibit apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and distribution of bcl-2 in the OKCs, its possible relationship with the tumorous characteristics, such as the aggressive nature and high recurrence rate, and its usefulness to differentiate OKCs from dentigerous cysts. Materials and Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 53 OKCs, and 44 dentigerous cyst were immunohistochemically analyzed quantitatively for the immunoreactivity of the bcl-2 protein with i-solution. Results: More Bcl-2 expression was observed in the OKCs (mean34.387%) than dentigerous cyst (mean11.144%) with statistical significance (P<0.001). Seventeen and 15 of the 32 OKCs in this study showed positivity in the basal layer and basal/suprabasal layers, respectively. In dentigerous cyst, 2 of 3 showed positivity in the basal cell layer. Conclusion: Considering that bcl-2 over expression may lead to the increased survival of epithelial cells, this study demonstrated a possible relationship between the aggressive nature of OKC and the intrinsic growth potential of its lining epithelium. Furthermore, the basal/suprabasal distribution of bcl-2 positive cells was observed in some OKCs, which might have a significant impact on the behavior of cysts. The bcl-2 expression of OKCs can be useful for differentiating OKCs from dentigerous cysts.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.847-860
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data needed to understand school-age children's parent-child communication style, stress coping behaviors, and child behavior problems. The subject of this study were 362 primary school children (the fourth and the sixth graders) and their mothers in "D" Metropolitan City, Korea. The research tools included standardized parent-child communication style scale (Min,l991), stress coping behaviors scale (Min,1998), and child behavior problems scale (Hun,l996). The data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as Mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentile, t-test, F-test, pearson's correlational analysis, stepwise regression analysis. In the relationship between child perceived parent-child communication style and stress coping behaviors, the children who make open communication with their parents demonstrate high problem-solving, support-seeking coping behavior. The children with closed communication with their parents have high hope expectation, revenge coping behavior. In the relationship between child perceived parent-child communication style and child behavior problem, the children making more closed communication with their parents show more behavior problems. The children with more closed communication with their mothers have more hyperactive behaviors, aggressive behaviors, and immature behaviors, and the children who are making more closed communication retain more anxious behaviors and withdrawn behaviors. In the relationship between child stress coping behaviors and behavior problems, the more problem-solving and support-seeking coping behaviors the children possess, the less problem behaviors they demonstrate. The more hope expectation, revenge coping behavior the children possess, the more problem behaviors they show. With the results above, we can find out that parent-child communication style has an effect on stress coping behavior, and parent-child communication style and stress coping behavior have an influence on child behavior problem.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2010

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is very aggressive and represents approximately 1% of all chondrosarcomas. While it affects a very wide age range, the peak frequency is in the second decade of life. It may occur in the head and rib region with a predilection for the maxillofacial skeleton. The small cell undifferentiated component may assume a hemangiopericytoma-like vascular pattern and should be distinguished from hemangiopericytoma. Treatment is en bloc resection, the intended tissue margins of excision should be designed to extend well beyond the actual tumor margin, as mesenchymal chondrosarcomas. Aggressive behavior of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the jaw, with a tendency for delayed recurrence and metastasis even many years after treatment. The most frequent site of metastasis was the lung. Here we present 52 years old, female case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma occurs on Rt. mandible.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 1999

The columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma is a rare tumor of the thyroid, associated with aggressive behavior, early metastasis, and a rapidly fatal course. We present the fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) findings of columnar ceil variant of papillary carcinoma with cytohistologic correlation. In the smears, the tumor fragments showed mainly papillary pattern and a few scattered individual cells were present around the papillary fragments. The tumor cells were columnar or cuboidal and exhibited pseudostratification of the nuclei. The nuclei were oval to elongated with finely stippled chromatin and inconspicous nucleoli. Neither nuclear grooves nor intracytoplasmic inclusion was found. The FNAC diagnosis was consistent with papillary carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy was done and the histologic finding of the mass showed a predominantly papillary and focal solid proliferation of columar cells with marked nuclear pseudostratification. The unique histopathologic features and highly aggressive nature of columnar ceil variant of papillary carcinoma require that this variant should be differeniated from common papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.47-50
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• 2012

We report here one case of rapid and aggressive course of cerebral metastatic angiosarcoma from the heart. A 36-year-old man presented with 10-days history of headache. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated subacute hemorrhage with a small region of enhancement in right parietal region and the pathological diagnosis was angiosarcoma. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated $3.2{\times}3$ cm sized mass on right atrial wall. Newly developed lesion was reoperated, three and four weeks later respectively, and whole brain radiotherapy of total 30 Gy was done. With the interval of two months, gamma knife surgery was done for new lesions two times, which were well controlled. Newly developed lesions rapidly happened even in the adjuvant treatment. He died 9 months after the diagnosis because of the aggravation of primary cancer. The cerebral metastatic angiosarcoma from the heart showed the rapid aggressive behavior and the closed follow-up could be needed for the adjuvant treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress, coping and suicidal ideation among school-aged children and provide evidence for developing a stress management program for them. Methods: Data were collected and analyzed from 308 fifth graders from 6 elementary schools located in Daegu/Gyeongbuk. Results: First, for stress by general characteristics, there were significant differences in economic status, school record, self-rated health and life satisfaction. Also, subcategory stress by gender, there was a significant difference in appearance stress. Second, passive/avoidant coping had a significant difference in gender. Social support seeking coping and passive/avoidant coping were significant differences in economic status. Active coping had a significant difference in school record. Passive/avoidant coping had a significant difference in self-rated health. Aggressive coping, active coping, social support seeking coping and passive/avoidant coping had significant differences in self-rated life satisfaction. Third, stress and coping had significant differences by suicidal ideation. Fourth, stress showed positive correlations with aggressive coping and passive/avoidant coping while revealing negative correlation with active coping. Conclusion: These results from the study suggest difference by gender and need more active and positive coping strategy for suicide prevention.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2001

Inflammatory pseudotumor was originally described in the lung, but recently has been recognized to occur in various sites. A 56-year-old female was referred to our department with a painless swelling of the right midfacial area since 3 months ago. Clinical examination showed non-specific intraoral findings, but asymmetric facial appearance and numbness of the right midfacial area. Plain radiographs and CT images showed aggressive destruction and irregular thickening of the right maxillary sinus wall, increased antral opacification, and destruction of the zygomatic arch. A relatively well-defined soft tissue mass occupied the right maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, zygoma, and infraorbital region. The soft tissue mass showed mild enhancement on CT. Radiographically, this lesion presented a rapidly enlarging mass demonstrating aggressive behavior, mimicking a malignant tumor. Histopathologic examinations showed plasma cells and inflammatory cells in variable fibrotic tissues and demonstrated positive reactivity for vimentin. No malignent changes could be found.