• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1980

The main purposes of the nutrition and clinical surveys were to provide baseline information on the nutritional status of pre-school children in rural health demonstration project areas of the Korea Health Development Institute (KHDI) for nutrition guidance services for the MCH target group. The survey covered a total of 222 pre-school children and 135 mothers in Okgu Gun, Cholla Pukto Province from August 10 to August 17, 1979. The survey results are summarized as follows: 1) Family Environment Seventy percent of the households had more than three children, and the mean family sire was 6. Sixty-nine percent of the mothers and 47% of the fathers of the surveyed households were educated at or below the primary school level. The majority, 70% of the mothers, were aged between 20 years and 35 years. 2) Anthropometric Measurements and Hemoglobin Value 4.5% of the children were lower than 80% weight for age of the Korean standard, and 5.4% were lower than 85% arm circumference for age of the Jelliffe's standard resectively, and those were suffering from protein-energy malnutrition. Angular stomatitis were observed on 66.2% of the subjects. Mean hemoglobin value was 11.1g/100m1, and 44.2% of the subjects were categorized as anaemia. 3) Food and Nutrient Intake of animal foods was very low, ranging from 2.9 to 17%. Consumption of eggs was less than 2% of total food intake, and intake of legumes was also very scanty, between 0.8 to 3.7%. These data present evidence of very poor protein intake, quality as well as quantity. Energy intake of children was 60.0 to 64.4% of the recommended allowance, and mean protein intake only met 47.4% of the recommendation. Low intake of vitamins except thiamin were also found. 4) Mother's Nutrition Knowledge Eighty-five percent of the mothers were entirely ignorant regarding the 'five basic food group' which is most important fact on food and nutrition guidance. Mean knowledge score from 14 basic questions about food and nutrition was as low as 5.1. There was a significant positive correlation between mother's educational level and nutrition knowledge score. 5) Family Planning Variable There were significant correlation among maternal, family planning variables, and some of the nutritional and physical measurements. The study revealed that the mother's educational level and nutrition knowledge score are more crucial factors than the family planning variables on effecting food intakes on children. Recommendation : According to the results of the surveys, there were high incident rates of nutritional anaemia and angular stomatitis among pre-school children, and most of rural women had very limited knowledge about food and nutrition. As a main part of the health education activities, the community health workers should provide nutrition education to the village mothers to improve the nutrional status of young children in rural areas. Nutrional promotion at the primary health care level should be mainly based on appropriate nutrition education.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

Background: Family values of a married woman may be related to her own depressive mood. Since depressive mood of a married woman is likely to exert a negative influence, in terms of mental health, on her, her family members, and the whole society's, it may be very important to explore the relationship between family values in married women and their depressive mood. Methods: In this study, we analyzed nationally representative 5,818 married women aged 20 years or older from the 4th panel data of 2012 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. As for variables of interest, we constructed three family values variables: family-oriented view of marriage, individualistic view of marriage, and traditional view of marital roles. Then we employed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between family values and depressive mood, adjusting for family and socio-demographic factors. Results: In total, 804 married women (18.4%) had experienced depressive mood. All of the three family values variables were significant in their relationships with depressive mood. The women categorized as 'very weak' in family-oriented view of marriage were more likely to experience depressive mood than the women categorized as 'very strong' (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.55). By contrast, the women categorized as 'very weak' in individualistic view of marriage (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.55) and in traditional view of marital roles (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92) were less likely to experience depressive mood than their respective counterpart women categorized as 'very strong.' Conclusion: In Korea, married women's values towards marriage itself and roles between wives and husbands had significant associations with their depressive mood. This suggests that in order to improve mental health in married women, we need to take social and cultural dimensions into consideration along with public health interventions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.235-254
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• 2016

본 연구는 중년기가 가족생활주기상의 적응, 재정립 등의 탄력성이 필요한 시기임을 고려하여 사회복지 영역에서 상당수 차지하는 여성 사회복지사의 가족스트레스와 사회적 문제해결능력 간 가족탄력성의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 표집대상은 대구 경북지역 중년기 여성 사회복지사 328명이었으며, 중다회귀분석을 시행한 후 매개효과 검증을 위해 Sobel Test를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 논의점 및 결론을 종합해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가족스트레스 하위요인 중 경제문제가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이에 대해 근본적으로 사회복지사의 보수체계의 열악함을 뒷받침하여 합리적인 보수결정에 대한 시스템 마련을 제언하였다. 둘째, 가족스트레스와 사회적 문제해결능력 간, 가족탄력성 하위요인인 의사소통과정, 신념체계, 조직유형 모두 부분매개 효과가 있었다. 특히, 의사소통과정이 가장 강력하게 매개효과가 있음에 따라 정확하고 명확한 정보교환을 의사소통의 필수조건으로 하여 개방된 감정표현의 중요성을 강조하였다. 결국, 중년기 여성 사회복지사가 직면하고 있는 가족스트레스를 정확히 분석하여 신념체계, 조직유형, 의사소통과정과 같은 가족탄력성이 제대로 기능할 수 있도록 개입한다면 사회적 문제해결 능력을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2011

As a marketing vehicle to survive in intensified retailing competition, retailer brand development has been adopted by retailers in Korea. As evidence, the retailer brand share of a major retailer, Tesco Korea, has grown from 20% in 2007 to 22.8% in the first half of 2008. It means that retailers have provided more and more retailer brand foods for customers. With the growing accessibility to retailer brand foods, it would be expected that the number of retailer brand food claims will increase. Customers have increasingly exposed to a variety of marketing activities conducted by retailers. When buying the retailer brand foods, customers tend to be affected by marketing activities of retailers. Despite the fact that customers trust retailers and then, buy their brand foods, in case of food accidents caused by production process, customers have to seek compensation from a retailer brand supplier. Of course, a retailer tends to shift its responsibility to its suppliers. Accordingly, it is not easy for customers to solve food claims. The research, therefore, aims at exploring the relationship between the buying-decision processes of retailer brand customers and which side takes legal responsibility for food claims. To effectively achieve the research aim, the author adopted a quantitative and a qualitative research technique, in order to supplement the disadvantages of each method. Before field research, based on the developed research model, the author pre-tested questionnaire with 10 samples, amended, and handed out to 400 samples. Amongst them, 316 questionnaires are available. For a focus group interview, 9 participants were recruited, who are students, housewives, and full-time workers, aged from 20s to 40s. Through the focus group interview as well as the questionnaire results, it was found that most customers were influenced by a retailer or store image in a customer's mind, retailer reputation and promotional activities. Surprisingly, customers think that the name of a retailer is a more important factor than who produces retailer brand foods, even though many customers check a retailer brand supplier, when making a buying-decision. Rather than retailer brand suppliers, customers trust retailers. That is why they purchase retailer brands. Nevertheless, production-related food claims is not involved with retailers. In fact, it would be difficult for customers to distinguish whether a food claim is related to selling or manufacturing processes. Based on research results, from a customer perspective, the research suggests that the government should require retailers to take the whole responsibility for retailer brand food claims, preventing retailers from passing the buck to retailer brand suppliers. In case of food claims, in order for customers to easily get the compensation, it is necessary to reconsider the current system. If so, retailers have to fully get involved in retailer brand production stage, and further, the customer awareness of retailer brands will be improved than ever before. Retailers cannot help taking care of the whole processes of retailer brand development, because of responsibility. As a result, the process to seek compensation for food claims might become easier, and further, the protection of customer right might be improved.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

본 연구는 지역주민들의 의견을 수렴한 산악형 생태탐방로 개발계획 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이 목적이다. 사회교환이론을 적용하여 소백산 자락길 개발계획에 대한 지역주민들의 의식분석 및 태도분석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 7개 마을 주민 150명을 대상으로 자기기입방식 및 개인면접으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 먼저, 주민 의식분석 결과, 소백산 자락길 개발계획에 대해서는 대부분의 지역주민들이 인식하며, 또한 찬성하는 것으로 나타났다. 다음은 주민 태도분석 결과, 성별에 따른 태도는 탐방객과의 교류 및 전통문화재 발굴에서 남성보다 여성이 높게 기대하였으며, 연령별 태도는 마을의 환경오염 증가, 범죄 증가, 문화 파괴, 주민갈등 유발 등에서 60세 미만 집단에서 우려하는 것으로 나타났다. 직업군에 따른 태도는 농업 종사자가 생태계 파괴 부분을 우려하고 있었으며, 지역적 특성 및 경관 훼손에서는 모든 지역주민들이 우려하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 개발계획의 찬성집단은 경제적, 환경적, 사회 문화적 측면 대부분의 항목에서 기대하는 것으로 나타났으나, 반대집단은 환경적 측면의 경관훼손, 환경오염 증가와 사회 문화적 측면의 주민갈등 유발 등 개발로 인한 부정적인 측면에 대해서 우려하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.79-102
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• 2013

본 연구는 고령장애인의 연령과 장애로 인한 노동시장 이중차별을 검증하기 위해 고령장애인(50-64세) 임금노동자의 고용확률과 임금수준을 청장년장애인(15-49세)과 비교하여 연령차별을, 또 일반고령자(50-64세)와 비교하여 장애차별을 각각 Oaxaca(1973)의 분해방식을 이용하여 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 첫째, 고령장애인의 연령에 따른 청장년장애인과의 실질적인 고용확률의 격차는 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 상용직에서만 나타났고 차별(32.2%) 보다 특성(67.8%)에 기인한 것으로 분석되었다. 반면 고령장애인과 청장년장애인의 실질적인 임금격차는 특성(7.95%) 보다 차별(92.05%)에 기인한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 고령장애인의 장애로 인한 고령일반인과의 실질적인 고용과 임금수준의 격차는 발생하지만 그 수준은 통계적으로 유의하지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 즉, 고령장애인은 노동시장에서 연령과 장애로 인한 이중차별은 없었지만 청장년장애인과는 구분된 고용정책이 필요하며, 일반고령자와는 통합적인 고용정책이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

이 연구의 목적은 생산인구 감소 시대 도래와 정년 연장법 통과에 따라 고령화 되어가는 연구개발 인력들의 활용모델과 시사점을 발굴하는 것이다. 연구개발 분야의 장년 연구개발 인력들의 활용 가능성과 중요성에도 불구하고 이 분야에 대한 체계적인 연구가 부족하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 1) 장년 연구개발 인력들을 현재 일하는 기관에서 새로 고용되어 더 일할 수 있는 내부 정년 달성형 모델, 2) 현재 일하고 있는 기관과 연계된 기관에서 자신의 능력을 발휘할 수 있는 외부 연계 정년 달성형 모델, 3) 현재 일하고 있는 기관에서 정년을 연장하여 계속 일할 수 있는 정년 연장형 모델, 4) 새로운 기관으로의 재취업을 위해 정보를 제공하고 교육을 실시하는 전직지원형 모델으로 구분하여 구체적인 방안들을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 장년 연구개발인력을 지원할 수 있는 법제 개선과 장년 연구개발 인력들과 관리자간의 대화와 소통을 강조하는 내용을 제언하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2015

Background: Shift work has been associated with occupational stress in health providers and in those working in some industrial companies. The association is not well established in the law enforcement workforce. Our objective was to examine the association between shift work and police work-related stress. Methods: The number of stressful events that occurred in the previous month and year was obtained using the Spielberger Police Stress Survey among 365 police officers aged 27-66 years. Work hours were derived from daily payroll records. A dominant shift (day, afternoon, or night) was defined for each participant as the shift with the largest percentage of total time a participant worked (starting time from 4:00 AM to 11:59 AM, from 12 PM to 7:59 PM, and from 8:00 PM to 3:59 AM for day, afternoon, and night shift, respectively) in the previous month or year. Analysis of variance and covariance were used to examine the number of total and subscale (administrative/professional pressure, physical/psychological danger, or organizational support) stressful events across the shift. Results: During the previous month and year, officers working the afternoon and night shifts reported more stressful events than day shift officers for total stress, administrative/professional pressure, and physical/psychological danger (p < 0.05). These differences were independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and police rank. The frequency of these stressful events did not differ significantly between officers working the afternoon and night shifts. Conclusion: Non-day shift workers may be exposed to more stressful events in this cohort. Interventions to reduce or manage police stress that are tailored by shift may be considered.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.228-239
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the variables of foodservice employees's job satisfaction. The questionnaires to measure job satisfaction were completed by 323 employees in the Gyunggi province. Foodservice employees' job satisfaction was evaluated by the modified Smith method(1969). All statistical data analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Science(SPSS version 12.0). The study results were as follows; 1. The demographic data showed that 65.3% of respondents aged in 40~49 years old, 96% were married, 68.8% were high school graduates, 10.2% were college graduates and 93.5% were contracted employees. 2. Factors that influenced job satisfaction among employees varied significantly. Older workers tended to be more satisfied in their job. In addition, those who had graduated college showed the highest job satisfaction score(3.03). Subjects who had graduated university showed the lowest job satisfaction score(2.05). Subjects who had worked for 2-3 years showed the highest satisfaction scores concerning their relationships with coworkers(3.33), whereas those who had worked less than 2 years showed the lowest (3.14). Regarding school type, employees working in high schools had the highest job satisfaction scores, whereas those working in middle schools had the lowest. Satisfaction of leaving school time, ‘after 4 pm group’ had the highest score(3.01). 3. The correlation between salary satisfaction and job satisfaction was significant(r=0.307, p<0.001). In addition, the correlation between job satisfaction and work satisfaction was also significant(r=0.444, p<0.001). The correlation between job satisfaction and satisfaction about relations with coworkers was significant(r=0.118, p<0.01). The correlation between salary satisfaction and work satisfaction was significant(r=0.308, p<0.001). The correlation between salary satisfaction and satisfaction about relation with coworkers not significant, but it was negative(r=0.307, p<0.001). The correlation between work satisfaction and satisfaction about relations with coworkers significant(r=0.210, p<0.001). According to this study, job satisfaction and salary were positively related. This study provides foodservice managers useful information for design positions that will increase productivity. Future study is needed to determine the factors that will improve job satisfaction and satisfy the employees' needs, which in turn will improve school food service quality.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 재해구호 자원봉사자의 활동 특성과 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 지속적인 재해구호 자원봉사활동을 위한 효과적인 관리방안을 모색하는데 있다. 연구대상은 2002년 이후 최소 1회 이상 재해구호 자원봉사활동에 참여한 만 20세 이상의 자원봉사자이다. 2008년 5월 7일부터 5월 27일까지 전국재해구호협회와 자원봉사센터 등 총 4개의 기관에서 활동한 자원봉사자로부터 회수된 총 261부의 설문지를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과 재해구호 자원봉사활동의 지속성은 연령이 많을수록, 직업이 있는 사람일수록, 참여적극성이 높을수록, 배치 및 업무부여가 잘 될수록 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기관에서는 시시각각 변하는 재해현장의 특성 상 배치 및 업무부여가 매우 중요하므로 개인의 특성과 욕구에 맞는 활동이 가능할 수 있도록 다양한 자원봉사 프로그램을 개발해야 하고 봉사자들이 수행한 업무를 긍정적으로 인식할 수 있도록 도와야 한다. 또한 자원봉사자 배치 시 연령, 직업과 같은 개인적 특성을 충분히 고려하여 배치하여야 하며, 봉사자들이 봉사활동에 적극적으로 몰입할 수 있도록 역할을 부여해 주어야 한다. 뿐만 아니라 직업을 가진 사람들이 지속적으로 자원봉사 활동에 참여할 수 있도록 재해구호 자원봉사활동에 대한 사회적 관심과 다양한 제도적인 지원이 필요하다.