• 노동경제논집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.55-88
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• 2012

이 논문은 각 산업의 인력고령화 실태를 살펴보고 산업구조의 변화가 고령자에 대한 노동시장 수요 및 고령자의 고용안정성에 미친 영향을 분석하였다. 2001~2010년 사이 고령근로자를 많이 고용한 산업의 고용규모는 상대적으로 축소되어 고령근로자에 대한 노동시장의 상대적인 수요가 감소하였다. 또한 2001~2010년 발생한 산업구조의 변화는 고령근로자의 고용안정성을 낮추는 방향으로 이루어졌다. 논문의 결과는 고령인력의 고용을 증진시키고자 하는 정책을 수립하는 데 있어서 고령자의 노동시장 여건이 전반적으로 호의적이지 못하다는 점과 각 산업의 고령자 고용여건이 매우 이질적이라는 사실을 고려할 필요가 있다는 것을 시사한다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2004

경제발전과 함께 하락추세를 보였던 취업 중 자영업이 차지하는 비중은 1990년대 들어 상승추세로 반전하였다. 고용주 비중이 상승추세를 유지하는 한 편, 남성 자영업 진출이 급속히 늘어난 데서 원인을 찾을 수 있다. 이는 자영업이 취업의 대안으로서 차지하는 위치와 특성, 그리고 역할이 변화하고 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 자영업이 임금근로에 대한 좋은 대안으로 역할을 하고 있으며, 노동시장 퇴장가교직이나 진입가교직이라는 양면에서 '자영업이 가교직으로 역할을 하는가?'에 대해 한국노동패널 조사자료를 이용하여 분석하고 있다. 연령이 높을수록, 여성일수록, 학력수준이 낮을수록, 건강 상태가 좋지 않을수록 퇴장가교직을 택할 확률은 높아지는 반면, 진입가교직을 선택할 확률은 낮아지는 것으로 나타난다. 경기변동은 퇴장가교직에만 통계적으로 유의한 부정적인 효과를 갖는다. 고령화 사회에서 은퇴를 앞둔 고연령자에 대한 노동정책은 고령화 적합직종이라는 효과가 적은 정책보다는 고령자를 노동시장으로 끌어들이되 이들의 경험과 노하우 및 경험과 자본을 바탕으로 하는 자영업을 주요 대안으로 고려하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.163-176
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• 1996

This study explores the overall social activities of the middle-aged women. The middle-aged married women of this study are the 40-59 years old and having youngest child above 10 years. Their social activities are categorized into work activities leisure avtivities social network with kin friends and neighbors and religious activities. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The work activities of he middle-aged married women are characterized by stable employment preparation of reentry to the job worries of unemployment and preparation of retirement(2) The leisure activities of the middle-aged married women are devided into two styles; family oriented activities and self developing activities. (3) In social networks especially the social relation with neighbor are increased and the relation with kinship tends to be bilineages. (4) Their religious activities are more supported by families than other activities. From he result this study suggests that : (1) The middle-aged m rried women might accept their midlife as a developmental stage. (2) The volunteer activities might be extended throughout the social activities (3) New social education programs for helping women's growth might be developed.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate factors that affect elderly poverty based on a comprehensive and universal perspective, suggesting some alternatives for improving the poverty rate of the elderly. The comprehensive and universal approach to the poverty of the aged that this study attempts can give a better understanding of the elderly poverty beyond the contribution of the existing literature, with the research model including individual, family, labor, and income factors as the causes of old-age poverty from the comprehensive and universal perspective on the causes of poverty of the elderly. In addition, the study attempts to input variants of variables into the equation for the causes of elderly poverty by using panel data from the 8th Korean Retirement and Income Study. This study employs decision tree analysis to determine the cause of the poverty of the elderly using CHAID. The decision tree analysis shows that the most vital variable affecting elderly poverty is making income. For the poor elderly without earned income, public pensions, educational careers, and residential areas influence elderly poverty, but for the poor elderly with earned income, wage earners and gender are variables that affect poverty. This study suggests some alternatives to improve the poverty rate of the aged. The government should create a better working environment such as senior re-employment for old people to be able to participate in economic activities, improve public pension or social security for workers with unfavorable conditions for public security of old age, and give companies that create employment of the aged diverse incentives.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.233-243
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• 1986

Our study was designed to identify the difference in the mental health status among hospitalized patients due to occupational diseases and accidents and pre-employment physical examinees, and to identify the relationship between mental health status and socio-demographic variables, and to provide information useful to non-psychiatric clinicians in caring of such patients. Samples were comprised of 189 pneumoconiotic patients, 132 industrial accident-induced patients and 122 pre-employment physical examinees who were interviewed with 90-item symptom cheklist (SCL-90). The following results were obtained: 1) Mean scores of symptom dimension on socio-demographic subgroup showed higher tendencies in older aged, male, lower educated, miner, married, mining residence, and pneumoconiotic patients. 2) Mean scores of total samples on all symptom dimensions were as follows in the order of their magnitudes; Depression, Somatization, Obsessive-compulsive, Anxiety, Psychoticism, Interpersonal sensitivity, Phobic-anxiety, Hostility, and Paranoid ideation. 3) The highest mean scores on each socio-demographic subgroup were as follows; Depression in younger aged and Somatization in older aged; Depression in male Somatization in female; Somatization in lower educated and depression in higher educated; Somatization in miners and depression in non-miners; Somatization in married and Depression in unmarried; Depression in all kind of residences; Somatization in patients and Depression in pre-employment physical examinees(normal). 4) In consequence of stepwise multiple regression, the important socio-demographic variables were age, occupation, diagnostic classification, and residence. Age was the most imprtant variable in Somatization, Depression, Obsessive-compulsive, Anxiety, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid ideation, and Psychoticism. Occupation was the most important one in Interpersonal sensitivity and Hostility and also had significant realtionships with all symptom dimensions.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1992

The population of aged people in industries has been increased remarkably due to the decline of birth rates and the increase of average life span. Also, the current automation trends makes aged people to work easy in industries since automation technologies help them to avoid physically hard tasks. Therefore the evaluation of aged workers' adaptability would be an important research topic. In the study, the mean and standard deviation of the reaction time are calculated to see the differences with four lamps's types and ages. It is found that the mean reaction time and the standard deviation are increased with the the increase of age. The quantitative approach provides an important information to be used not only for the adaptability estimation of aged workers but also for the working capability qualification for re-employment.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.277-295
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• 2014

본 연구는 노부모 수발부담이 50~60대 중 고령층 여성의 경제활동 참여에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국민노후보장패널 자료를 사용하여 부모를 수발하고 있는 중 고령층 여성 2,125사례를 선별하고 일반화선형방정식 및 다항로짓모형을 통해 두 변인간의 관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 노부모 수발은 중 고령층 여성의 경제활동참여에 일정부분 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 임금노동이나 고용주/자영업으로 보다는 무급가족종사자 형태로의 취업 가능성을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 수발제공자를 대상으로 한 분석에서 장시간의 수발은 중 고령층 여성의 경제활동참여에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 중 고령층 여성의 노인 돌봄 부담 완화와 이를 통한 경제활동 참여의 장려를 위해 노인 돌봄의 사회화를 통한 사회와 국가의 역할 강화 및 가족내 성별 역할의 재정립을 제안하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.577-588
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the perception on the effects of malocclusion on employment, and aimed to provide information to those who are seeking employment. Methods: The study examined 306 subjects aged 19 to 39 in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do during the month of December, 2016. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test and multiple regression analysis among others. Results: The most important factors in job success were education (35.9%), followed by appearance (23.8%), and major (22.1%). On whether there is a correlation between social life and malocclusion, 49.0% and 51.0% of the subjects answered 'Yes' and 'No', respectively. When the factors influencing the perception of the effects of malocclusion on employment were reviewed, it was found that for female(p<0.01) subjects, the perceived effect of malocclusion on life and on employment (p<.001), and the perceived effect of malocclusion on employment were lower in 20-24 year olds and 25-29 year - olds (p<0.01). Conclusions: Many people believe that malocclusion affects employment and that it is necessary to provide information on orthodontic treatment to those who are preparing for employment and ordinary. However, it is important to provide correct information about orthodontic treatments, including functional improvement, rather than simply focusing too much on aesthetic effects alone.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationships musculoskeletal pains with combined vulnerability in terms of age, gender, and employment status Methods: The fifth European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) in 2010 (43,816 participants aged 15 years and over) analyzed for European employees and the third Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) in 2011 (50,032 participants aged 15 years and older) analyzed for Korean employees. In this study, three well known vulnerable factors to musculoskeletal pains (older age, female gender, and precarious employment status) were combined and defined as combined vulnerability. Associations of musculoskeletal pains with combined vulnerability were assessed with prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated by Poisson regression models with robust estimates of variance. Results: The prevalences of musculoskeletal pains were lower but the absolute and relative differences between combined vulnerabilities were higher among Korean employees compared with the European employees. Furthermore, the increased risk of having musculoskeletal pains according to combined vulnerability was modestly explained by socioeconomic factors and exposure to ergonomic risk factors, especially in Republic of Korea. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the labor market may be more unfavorable for female and elderly workers in Republic of Korea. Any prevention strategies to ward off musculoskeletal pains, therefore, should be found and implemented to mitigate or buffer against the most vulnerable work population, older, female, and precarious employment status, in Republic of Korea.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.31-59
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• 2018

본 연구는 2000~2013년 한국노동패널 자료를 월별로 재구성하여 취업과 미취업 간의 이행확률이 경기변동에 따라 어떤 양상을 보이는지 분석하였다. 특히, 노동시장 침체 시 취업 및 미취업으로의 이행확률에서 집단 간 차이가 존재하는지 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 경기 침체 시 취업으로의 이행확률 감소보다는 취업에서 미취업으로의 이행확률, 즉 노동시장을 이탈할 확률이 두드러지게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 여성, 고령층, 고졸 미만 집단은 각각 남성, 노동시장 주 연령층(36~55세), 고졸 집단보다 취업에서 미취업으로의 이행확률이 경기에 더 강하게 반응하는 것으로 분석되었다.