• 한국패류학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 남해안 개조개의 자원생태학적 특성치인 생잔율 (S = 0.5174), 순간자연사망계수 (M = 0.2012/year) 및 순간어획사망계수 (F = 0.4578/year), 어획개시연령 ($t_c\;＝\;2.7506$ 세), 자원량 (B = 8.362 톤) 을 추정하였다. 갯장어 자원을 가입당생산량모델에 적용시킨 결과, 현재의 순간어획사망계수 (F = 0.4578/year), 어획개시연령 ($t_c\;＝\;2.7506$ 세) 에서의 가입당생산량은 80.89 g으로 추정되었다. 따라서 현재의 순간어획사망계수를 그대로 유지한다면 어획개시연령을 4 세 이상으로 높여야 하고, 현재의 어획개시연령을 유지한다면 순간어획사망계수를 0.2 보다 낮은 수준으로 낮추어야한다. $F_{0.1}$의 경우, 2 세에서 65.69 g으로 가장 높은 가입당생산량을 나타내고 있다. 또한 가입당산란자원량모델을 이용하여 생물학적 관리기준인 $F_{40%}$의 값을 현재의 어획상태를 고려하여 추정하였다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.791-800
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• 2019

Objective: To compare various models of diffusion-weighted imaging including monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), biexponential (fast diffusion coefficient [D_f], slow diffusion coefficient [D_s], and fraction of fast diffusion), stretched-exponential (distributed diffusion coefficient and anomalous exponent term [α]), and kurtosis (mean diffusivity and mean kurtosis [MK]) models in the differentiation of renal solid masses. Materials and Methods: A total of 81 patients (56 men and 25 women; mean age, 57 years; age range, 30-69 years) with 18 benign and 63 malignant lesions were imaged using 3T diffusion-weighted MRI. Diffusion model selection was investigated in each lesion using the Akaike information criteria. Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used for statistical evaluations. Results: Goodness-of-fit analysis showed that the stretched-exponential model had the highest voxel percentages in benign and malignant lesions (90.7% and 51.4%, respectively). ADC, D_s, and MK showed significant differences between benign and malignant lesions (p < 0.05) and between low- and high-grade clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) (p < 0.05). α was significantly lower in the benign group than in the malignant group (p < 0.05). All diffusion measures showed significant differences between ccRCC and non-ccRCC (p < 0.05) except D_f and α (p = 0.143 and 0.112, respectively). α showed the highest diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant lesions with an area under the ROC curve of 0.923, but none of the parameters from these advanced models revealed significantly better performance over ADC in discriminating subtypes or grades of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with conventional diffusion parameters, α may provide additional information for differentiating benign and malignant renal masses, while ADC remains the most valuable parameter for differentiation of RCC subtypes and for ccRCC grading.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.760-768
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• 2004

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Ultrasonographic scanning with real time B-mode ultrasound machine having 5 MHz linear array transducer was performed on gravid uterus (n=24) obtained from slaughterhouse (Group I). Crown rump length (CRL) measured by ultrasound was found significantly different (p<0.05) with actual CRL measured after dissection in early pregnancy. However, age predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of CRL was found highly correlated (r=0.92) with age measured after dissection through CRL and the weight of fetus. Ages predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of trunk diameter (TD) and uterine diameter (UD) and ages measured after dissection were found highly and equally correlated (r=0.98) and did not differ significantly. Data from six does synchronized (Group II) with PGF2$\alpha$ (Estrumate) at 11 days apart were collected through ultrasound from 17 to 42 days post breding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age was high (r=0.97) in day 30 to 42 post breeding. A high coefficient of correlation (r=0.98) was also observed between predicated age by ultrasound and actual age calculated after kidding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age by the formula Y=(a+bX) i.e. Y=24.42+0.39 X where Y=gestational age and X=CRL, was recorded very high (r=0.99). Accuracy of ultrasonography was lowest on day 17 to 19 (66%) and reached 100% on day 34. Data from 30 does (group III) randomly subjected to only one time ultrasounds scanning to assess the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis were also obtained. Ages predicted by TD and UD measurements were observed to be non-significantly different with actual age obtained after kidding and correlation between ages predicted by TD and UD measurement with actual age after kidding was found equally and highly correlated (r=0.98). The operator's accuracy in the whole experiment including all three groups was found to be 92%. The sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 86%. From the present study, it was observed that CRL was the most reliable parameter to find out gestational age in early pregnancy and the new formula derived was found very accurate to find out gestational age. TD and UD were also found to be equally reliable parameter to find out gestational age in mid and late stage of pregnancy through ultrasonography. It was concluded that ultrasonography by real time B mode with 5 MHz transrectal transducer was found to be reliable, safe and accurate and practicable means in diagnosing early pregnancy diagnosis as early as 25 days post breeding.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 1993

육성기 꿩의 주령별 체중과 정강이 길이에 관한 상호관계를 조사하고, 조기 체중과 정강이 길이가 종꿩으로의 최종 선발주령인 20주령의 체중에 대한 회귀분석 결과 다음과 같았다. 부화시부터 20주령까지 성장기 꿩의 동일주령에서 체중과 정강이 길이는 암꿩에서 0.50~0.83, 수꿩에서 0.57~0.85의 정의 상관관계(P＜0.01)를 보여주고 있었으며, 부화시 체중은 4, 8 및 12주령의 체중과는 상관관계가 인정되지 못했으나 (P＞0.05), 부화시 체중과 16 및 20주령 체중과의 상관계수는 암컷에서 0.44(P＜0.01) 및 0.44(P＜0.01)로, 수컷에서는 각각 0.32(P＜0.05) 및 0.30(P＜0.05)로 성장말기 체중과 정의 상관관계로 나타나고 있었으나, 부화시 정강이 길이와 20주령의 체중 사이에는 암수 모두에서 상관관계가 인정되지 않았다(P＞0.05). 20주령의 체중에 대한 조기 측정치(12주령 이전)들의 회귀모형들을 검토한 바, 부화시와 12주령시 측정치를 포함한 모형 ($R^2$＝0.96), 8주령과 12주령시 측정치를 포함한 모형($R^2$＝0.96), 또는 부화시, 8주령 및 12주령시 측정치를 이용한 모형($R^2$＝0.97)으로 평가하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2006

Purpose: The descriptive-correlational study was undertaken in order to investigate the relationships between critical thinking disposition and critical thinking skill in clinical nurses. Methods: A convenience sample of 50 registered nurses was obtained from E University Hospital. The instruments used in this study were general characteristics, California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) and California Critical Thinking Skill Test(CCTST) developed by Facione & Facione (1994). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient with SPSS 12.0 Program. Results: 1) There was a statistically significant difference in critical thinking disposition according to age (F=3.23, p=.03) and educational background (F=39.07, p=.00). 2) There was a statistically significant difference in critical thinking skill according to age (F=3.40, p=.02), educational background(F=32.51, p=.00), and period of professional nursing experience(F=3.56, p=.02). Conclusion: A significant positive correlation between critical thinking disposition and critical thinking skill was found(r=.68, p=.00). Critical thinking disposition and critical thinking skill according to age and educational background had statistically significant differences. Therefore, it is needed to emphasize the necessity of continuous education and training of nurses which prepare their critical thinking ability.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influenced the preparation for later life of the age group of 30s, 40s, and 50s in production workers. Methods: The participants for this study were 320 men working in 2 workspaces of Ulsan city. The data was collected from May to July, 2010 using structured questionnaires. Chi-square, One way ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 17.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: There were statistically significant differences among 30s, 40s, and 50s workers regarding the preparation for later life, health promoting behavior, knowledge and attitude of cerebrocardiovascular (CVD) diseases. 50s workers were significantly more higher than 30s and 40s regarding the preparation for later life, health promoting behavior, cognition and attitude of CVD diseases. The model including variables related to the preparation for later life explained variance of 42.3% of 30s, 36.0% of 40s, and 28.5% of 50s workers. Finally, cognition of CVD diseases and social support were predictors in explaining the level of the preparation for later life among production workers. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, nursing interventions should be developed to improve the preparation for later life of production workers according to age differences.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.234-244
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• 2010

Purpose: This study determined the level of stress and type of coping style of spouses with high-risk pregnant women. Methods: Subjects were 102 spouses with high-risk pregnant women at 6 hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi province from January to August, 2009. The tools for this study were stress scale and coping scale. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The average score of subjects stress was 2.18 and coping score was 2.46 point out of 4.00. The highest score of stress categories was 2.44 point in emotional problems and the lowest score was 1.72 in communication and support resources. The stress level was significant differences according to length of marriage, number of hospital visits, satisfaction with marriage relationship, hospitalization days and gestational age respectively. Spouses tended to use an active coping style (2.60) rather than a passive coping style (2.31). There were significant differences according to mother's age and gestational age in active coping and educational level in passive coping. Conclusion: Considering the level of stress coping style and characteristics of high-risk pregnant women's spouses, a nursing intervention should be provided to help them alleviate stress and to encourage active coping.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2018

In modern society, speech recognition technology is emerging as an important technology for identification in electronic commerce, forensics, law enforcement, and other systems. In this study, we aim to develop an age classification algorithm for extracting only MFCC(Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) expressing the characteristics of speech in Korean and applying it to deep learning technology. The algorithm for extracting the 13th order MFCC from Korean data and constructing a data set, and using the artificial intelligence algorithm, deep artificial neural network, to classify males in their 20s, 30s, and 50s, and females in their 20s, 40s, and 50s. finally, our model confirmed the classification accuracy of 78.6% and 71.9% for males and females, respectively.

• 치과방사선
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 1997

The purpose of the present study was to use digital profile image features and digital image analysis of fixed-dimension bone regions, extracted from standardized periapical radiographs of the maxilla, to determine whether differences exist in alveolar bone of younger women(mean age: 59.23±7.34 years) and just menopaused women(mean age: 59.23±7.34). Periapical films were used from two groups of 20 randomly selected women. None of the subjects had a remarkable medical history. To simplify protocol, we chose one interproximal bone area between the maxillary right canine and lateral incisor for study. Ech film was digitized into a 1312 x 1024 pixel x 8 bit depth matrix by means of a Nikon 35 mm film scanner(LS-35lOAF, Japan) with fixed gain and internal dark current correction to maintain constant illumination. The scanner was interfaced to a Macintosh LC III computer(Apple Computer, Charlotte, N.C.). Area and profile orientation were selected with a NIMH Image 1.37(NIH Research Services Branch, Bethesda, Md.). Histogram features were extracted from each profile and area. The results of this study indicate that mean pixel intensities didn't differ significantly between two groups and there was a high correlarion-coefficient between digitized radiographic profile features and area features.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.451-455
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• 2015

More than one million new patients suffer from breast cancer annually in the world. In developed countries, breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed among women, and in developing regions, it often ranks second to cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between incidence of breast cancer and reproductive factors in North-West of Iran. This retrospective analytical control-case study was conducted with 235 breast cancer patients and 235 women in the control group. Data collection tools included a set of questions with interviews and patient medical records. Data were analyzed using statistical tests: t-test, Chi-square, Fisher, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Significantly increased risks were associated between breast cancer and older age at first pregnancy, age at menopause and history of contraceptive use. A trend for decreasing risk were observed with increasing parity. Findings of this study showed no association between breast cancer and age at menarche. The study results suggested that physiological and reproductive factors may play important roles in the development breast cancer among Iranian women.