• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2022

Purpose: With the development of the Internet, consumers can quickly access the electronic word-of-mouth. Consumers seek to reduce uncertainty by referring to the opinions of other consumers about products and services when making purchase decisions. In the food service industry, evaluating a restaurant before an actual visitation is difficult. Therefore, electronic word-of-mouth is important to interact with the customer in restaurants. as it can be used as an exchange of information in which consumers participate and interact with other customers. This study was conducted to verify how online word-of-mouth characteristics (Consensus, Vividness, Neutrality) on attitudes and visit intention from the perspective of social exchange theory. And it was performed to verify the structural relationship between short-term visit intention, mid-term visit and long-term visit intention. Research design, data, and methodology: A survey was conducted on customers who have visited restaurants. Of a total of 312 responses, 306 responses were used, excluding insincere responses and missing values for factors analysis. SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 were used for statistical analysis, and hypothesis testing was conducted after verifying the validity and reliability of the questionnaire items. Result: The result of the analysis showed that, consensus and neutrality have a positive effect on attitude but not much on vividness. In addition, consensus, vividness, and neutrality have no effect on the short-term visit intention. Finally, the short-term visit intention has a positive effect on mid-term visit intention, and mid-term visit intention has a positive effect on long-term visit intention. Conclusions: Based on the results, this study suggested that it is necessary to have practical implications for marketing and monitoring restaurant reviews in consideration of the characteristics of electronic word-of-mouth. When managing electronic-word-of-mouth, it is necessary to manage the consensus and neutrality is essential to provide sufficient information about the restaurant. The focus should not only be on vividness, such as photos and videos. In addition, restaurants should also provide a good experience for first-time visitors as the short-term visit intention positively affects mid-term and long-term visit intention.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

최근 ICT와 함께 IoT, 클라우드, 인공지능 등의 신기술들이 정보화 사회를 폭발적으로 변화 시키고 있다. 그러나 APT(Advanced Persistent Threat), 악성 코드, 랜섬웨어 등 최신 위협과 개인정보 처리 위탁 업무 확대로 수탁사 관련 개인정보 유출 사고도 더욱 더 증가하고 있다. 따라서 수탁사 보안 강화를 위해 본 연구는 위수탁 개요 및 특징, 보안 표준 관리 체계, 선행 연구들을 현황 분석하여 점검 항목을 도출하였다. 그리고 수탁관련 정보통신망법, 개인정보보호법 등의 법률들을 분석 매핑한 후 최종 수탁사 개인정보 보호 관리 수준 점검 항목들을 도출하고 이를 토대로 AHP 모형에 적용하여, 점검 항목간 상대적 중요도를 확인하였다. 실증 분석 결과 내부관리체계 수립, 개인정보 암호화, 생명주기, 접근 권한 관리 등의 순으로 중요도 우선 순위가 나타났다. 본 연구의 의의는 수탁사 개인정보 취급시 요구되는 점검 항목을 도출하고 연구 모형을 실증함으로써 고객 정보 유출 위험 감소 및 수탁사의 개인정보 보호 관리 수준을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 점검 항목의 상대적 중요도를 고려하여 점검 활동을 수행한다면 투입 시간 및 비용에 대한 효과성을 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 서포트 벡터 머신의 중요한 파라미터인 C와 σ값을 빠르고 정확하게 찾는 탐색 방법론을 제안한다. 기존에 알려진 격자 탐색 방식은 모든 경우를 비교하기 때문에 탐색속도가 느리다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 본 논문에서는 탐색속도 향상을 위한 딥 서치 방식을 제안한다. 1단계에서는 C-σ 정확도지표를 4등분 한 뒤 각 영역의 중간 값을 탐색하여 가장 정확도 값이 높은 지점을 시작 지점으로 선택한다. 2단계에서는 선정된 시작지점을 다시 4등분한 뒤 정확도 값이 가장 큰 지점을 새로운 탐색지점으로 지정한다. 3단계에서는 탐색지점에 이웃한 8개의 지점들을 탐색하여 정확도 값이 가장 높은 곳을 새로운 시작 지점으로 선정한 뒤 해당 지점을 4등분하여 정확도 값을 계산한다. 마지막 단계에서는 이웃 지점의 값들보다 탐색지점의 정확도지표 값이 최댓값이 될 때까지 진행한다. 최댓값을 만족하지 않을시 2단계에서부터 반복하며 입력된 레벨 값만큼 반복을 진행한다. 베어링의 결함 및 정상 데이터를 사용하여 비교한 결과, 제안한 Deep search 알고리즘은 기존 알고리즘 보다 성능 및 탐색시간에서 우수성을 보였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-72
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• 2009

최근 들어 마케팅지출의 수익책임성이 쟁점으로 떠오르고 있다. 재무제표에서 마케팅비가 차지하는 비중이 높아지고 있기 때문일 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 쟁점을 연구하는 기초 작업으로서 마케팅지출과 마케팅성과를 분류하는 체계를 마련하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 마케팅지출과 마케팅성과의 관계를 다섯 가지 가설로 검증하였으며 검증결과에 근거하여 다음과 같은 분류체계를 제안한다. 첫째는 투자성업무비가 마케팅성과에 미치는 영향이 비교적 많이 검증되었다. 따라서 마케팅지출을 투자성업무비로 정의하는 것이 타당함을 제안한다. 재무제표상의 계정과목으로 시장조사비, 경상개발비, 광고선전비, 판촉비, 해외시장개척비 등이 여기에 속한다. 둘째는 마케팅지출은 여러 시기에 걸쳐서 마케팅성과에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 마케팅지출은 투자라고 할 수 있다. 장기간에 걸쳐서 효과가 나타나는 것을 일반적으로 투자라고 하기 때문이다. 셋째는 마케팅지출은 매출액에서 차지하는 비율도 중요하지만 업계의 비율과 비교한 초과개념이 중요하다. 끝으로 마케팅성과는 과정모델보다는 균형모델로 분류하는 것이 타당하다. 그 이유는 마케팅성과인 고객성과, 시장성과, 재무성과 간의 영향을 확인하기 어렵기 때문이다. 향후 연구에서는 연구의 목적에 맞추어 과정모델과 균형모델을 선택할 것을 제안한다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2023

우크라이나-러시아 전을 통해 드론의 군사적 가치는 재평가되고 있으며, 북한은 '22년 말 대남 드론 도발을 통해 실제 검증까지 완료한 바 있다. 또한, 북한은 인공지능(AI) 기술의 드론 적용을 추진하고 있는 것으로 드러나 드론의 위협은 나날이 커지고 있다. 이에 우리 군은 드론작전사령부를 창설하고 다양한 드론 대응 체계를 도입하는 등 대 드론 체계 구축을 도모하고 있지만, 전력증강 노력이 타격체계 위주로 편중되어 군집드론 공격에 대한 효과적 대응이 우려된다. 특히, 도심에 인접한 공군 비행단은 민간 피해가 우려되어 재래식 방공무기의 사용 역시 극도로 제한되는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 AI기술이 적용된 적 군집드론의 위협으로부터 아 항공기의 생존성 향상을 위해 AI모델의 객체탐지 능력을 저해하는 소극방공 기법을 제안한다. 대표적인 적대적 머신러닝(Adversarial machine learning) 기술 중 하나인 적대적 예제(Adversarial example)를 레이저를 활용하여 항공기에 조사함으로써, 적 드론에 탑재된 객체인식 AI의 인식률 저하를 도모한다. 합성 이미지와 정밀 축소모형을 활용한 실험을 수행한 결과, 제안기법 적용 전 약 95%의 인식률을 보이는 객체인식 AI의 인식률을 제안기법 적용 후 0~15% 내외로 저하시키는 것을 확인하여 제안기법의 실효성을 검증하였다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.233-255
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• 2023

코로나19로 인한 팬데믹 상황에서도 여전히 여행에 대한 욕구와 수요가 시장에 존재하고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 정보기술(IT)의 발달로 인해 온라인에 대한 접근성과 유용성 및 디지털 기기의 활용도 함께 증가하였고, 비대면으로도 새로운 경험을 얻을 수 있는 '온라인 체험(Online Experience)' 시장이 급격하게 성장하였다. 본 연구는 AirBnB 온라인 체험 서비스에서 서비스제공자(Provider-oriented)와 서비스이용자(User-oriented)에 의해 생성된 정형 및 비정형 데이터가 고객만족에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 분석에 사용된 데이터는 파이썬 웹크롤러로 수집되었으며, 주요 변수인 비정형 데이터는 전처리와 감성분석을 거쳐 회귀분석에 사용되었다. 분석 결과, 주요변수인 호스트가 생성한 체험 소개글, 호스트 소개글과 같은 비정형 데이터는 텍스트의 생성 목적에 따라 주관도(Subjectivity)가 다르게 나타나며, 체험 소개글은 주관적일수록, 호스트 소개글은 객관적일수록 고객 만족에 유의한 정의 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 에어비앤비 온라인 체험에 참여한 게스트가 생성한 정형 데이터는 다른 게스트의 만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 온라인 공유경제 플랫폼 이해관계자 및 온라인 체험 지식경영에 관심을 갖는 연구자에게 다양한 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2016

최근 IT기술의 발전에 따라 많은 사람들이 자신들의 여가활동에 대한 경험을 공유하고 있으며, 역으로 다른 사람들의 여가활동에 대한 경험을 참고하여 더 나은 여가활동을 누릴 수 있는 기회를 얻게 되었다. 이러한 현상은 영화, 숙박, 음식, 여행 등 여가활동 전반에 걸쳐 나타나고 있으며, 그 중심에는 여가활동에 대한 정보를 요약하여 제공하는 수많은 사이트가 있다. 대부분의 여가활동 정보 사이트는 각 상품에 대한 평균 평점뿐만 아니라 상세 리뷰를 제공함으로써, 해당 상품을 구매하고자 하는 잠재고객의 의사결정을 지원하고 있다. 하지만 기존 대부분의 사이트는 한 단계의 평가기준에 따라 평점과 리뷰를 제공하기 때문에, 각 평가기준을 구성하는 세부요소에 대한 특징과 평가기준 별 주요 이슈를 파악하기 위해서는 상당히 많은 수의 리뷰를 직접 읽어야 한다는 불편이 따른다. 즉 사용자는 자신이 중요한 것으로 생각하는 평가기준에 대한 조건을 파악하기 위해, 많은 수의 리뷰를 하나하나 읽어보는 과정에서 많은 시간과 노력을 소비하게 된다. 예를 들어 호텔의 접근성, 객실, 서비스, 음식 등 한 단계의 평가기준만을 사용하여 평점과 리뷰를 제공하는 사이트의 경우, 접근성 중 특히 지하철역과의 거리, 객실 중 특히 욕실의 상태를 살펴보고자 하는 사용자에게 필요한 정보를 충분히 제공하지 못하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존 여가활동 정보 사이트의 한계, 즉 평가기준별로 입력된 리뷰를 신뢰하기 어렵다는 점과 평가기준을 구성하고 있는 세부 내용을 파악하기 어렵다는 점을 극복하기 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 방법론은 사용자가 별도의 구분 없이 입력한 리뷰를 그 내용에 따라 평가기준별로 자동 분류하고, 각 평가 기준 별 주요 이슈를 요약하여 제공한다. 제안 방법론은 최근 텍스트 분석에 활발하게 사용되고 있는 토픽 모델링(Topic Modeling)에 기반을 두고 있으며, 각 리뷰를 하나의 문서 단위로 사용하는 것이 아니라 리뷰를 문장 단위로 끊어 개별 리뷰 유닛(Review Unit)으로 분해한 뒤, 평가기준별로 리뷰 유닛을 재구성하여 분석한다는 측면에서 기존의 토픽 모델링 기반 연구와 큰 차이가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제안 방법론을 실제 호텔 정보 사이트에서 수집한 423건의 리뷰 문서에 적용하여 6가지 평가기준에 대해 총 4,860건의 리뷰 유닛을 재구성하고, 이에 대한 분석 결과를 소개함으로써 제안 방법론의 유용성을 간접적으로 보인다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.99-124
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• 2012

Our society has long been talking about necessity for innovation. Since companies in particular need to carry out business innovation in their overall processes, they have attempted to apply many innovation factors on sites and become to pay more attention to their innovation. In order to achieve this goal, companies has applied various information technologies (IT) on sites as a means of innovation, and consequently IT have been greatly developed. It is natural for the field of IT to have faced another revolution which is called cloud computing, which is expected to result in innovative changes in software application via the Internet, data storing, the use of devices, and their operations. As a vehicle of innovation, cloud computing is expected to lead the changes and advancement of our society and the business world. Although many scholars have researched on a variety of topics regarding the innovation via IT, few studies have dealt with the issue of could computing as IT. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to set the variables of innovation attributes based on the previous articles as the characteristic variables and clarify how these variables affect "Performance Expectancy" of companies and the intention of using cloud computing. The result from the analysis of data collected in this study is as follows. The study utilized a research model developed on the innovation diffusion theory to identify influences on the adaptation and spreading IT for cloud computing services. Second, this study summarized the characteristics of cloud computing services as a new concept that introduces innovation at its early stage of adaptation for companies. Third, a theoretical model is provided that relates to the future innovation by suggesting variables for innovation characteristics to adopt cloud computing services. Finally, this study identified the factors affecting expectation and the intention to use the cloud computing service for the companies that consider adopting the cloud computing service. As the parameter and dependent variable respectively, the study deploys the independent variables that are aligned with the characteristics of the cloud computing services based on the innovation diffusion model, and utilizes the expectation for performance and Intention to Use based on the UTAUT theory. Independent variables for the research model include Relative Advantage, Complexity, Compatibility, Cost Saving, Trialability, and Observability. In addition, 'Acceptance for Adaptation' is applied as an adjustment variable to verify the influences on the expected performances from the cloud computing service. The validity of the research model was secured by performing factor analysis and reliability analysis. After confirmatory factor analysis is conducted using AMOS 7.0, the 20 hypotheses are verified through the analysis of the structural equation model, accepting 12 hypotheses among 20. For example, Relative Advantage turned out to have the positive effect both on Individual Performance and on Strategic Performance from the verification of hypothesis, while it showed meaningful correlation to affect Intention to Use directly. This indicates that many articles on the diffusion related Relative Advantage as the most important factor to predict the rate to accept innovation. From the viewpoint of the influence on Performance Expectancy among Compatibility and Cost Saving, Compatibility has the positive effect on both Individual Performance and on Strategic Performance, while it showed meaningful correlation with Intention to Use. However, the topic of the cloud computing service has become a strategic issue for adoption in companies, Cost Saving turns out to affect Individual Performance without a significant influence on Intention to Use. This indicates that companies expect practical performances such as time and cost saving and financial improvements through the adoption of the cloud computing service in the environment of the budget squeezing from the global economic crisis from 2008. Likewise, this positively affects the strategic performance in companies. In terms of effects, Trialability is proved to give no effects on Performance Expectancy. This indicates that the participants of the survey are willing to afford the risk from the high uncertainty caused by innovation, because they positively pursue information about new ideas as innovators and early adopter. In addition, they believe it is unnecessary to test the cloud computing service before the adoption, because there are various types of the cloud computing service. However, Observability positively affected both Individual Performance and Strategic Performance. It also showed meaningful correlation with Intention to Use. From the analysis of the direct effects on Intention to Use by innovative characteristics for the cloud computing service except the parameters, the innovative characteristics for the cloud computing service showed the positive influence on Relative Advantage, Compatibility and Observability while Complexity, Cost saving and the likelihood for the attempt did not affect Intention to Use. While the practical verification that was believed to be the most important factor on Performance Expectancy by characteristics for cloud computing service, Relative Advantage, Compatibility and Observability showed significant correlation with the various causes and effect analysis. Cost Saving showed a significant relation with Strategic Performance in companies, which indicates that the cost to build and operate IT is the burden of the management. Thus, the cloud computing service reflected the expectation as an alternative to reduce the investment and operational cost for IT infrastructure due to the recent economic crisis. The cloud computing service is not pervasive in the business world, but it is rapidly spreading all over the world, because of its inherited merits and benefits. Moreover, results of this research regarding the diffusion innovation are more or less different from those of the existing articles. This seems to be caused by the fact that the cloud computing service has a strong innovative factor that results in a new paradigm shift while most IT that are based on the theory of innovation diffusion are limited to companies and organizations. In addition, the participants in this study are believed to play an important role as innovators and early adapters to introduce the cloud computing service and to have competency to afford higher uncertainty for innovation. In conclusion, the introduction of the cloud computing service is a critical issue in the business world.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2001

The health of a nurse is very important because her mental and physical health can influence toward nursing patients directly, Especially, Cancer patients are growing annually. Also, terminal cancer patients' nursing and dead place are increasingly using hospital and the period of nursing for cancer patients are increasing. Nursing for cancer patients are different with acute disease. Therefore, I analysed comparing nurses' health working in cancer and general ward so that nurses working at cancer ward could be developed as a professional nurse, and I wanted to establish the foundation of nursing administration and reasonable manpower management to supply good quality of nursing to patients. In my research, I selected 117 nurses working in cancer ward and 134 nurses working in general word to analyse the stress rate and nurse's health comparing nurses working in general ward and cancer ward. The survey was conducted of nurses working in cancer ward nurses in 2 university hospitals, nurses working in a cancer hospital, and general ward nurses working in 3 public hospital. Also, the data was collected from Sep. 13, 2001 to Sep. 28, 2001. As health measuring tool, I used Cornell Medical Index(CMI) which are developed to fit Koreans by Ko Ungrin and Park Hang-bas (1980) using Cornell Medical Services which were designed by Weiser, Brosman, Mittelman, Wechler, Wolff in Cornell University(1945). As working stress measuring tool, I used Questionaries which were designed by Kim Mae-ja and Ku Mi-ok(1984) and then developed by Bae In-sook(1996). For managing the data, I used frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$ verification, t-test, and F-test (ANOVA). And in the case of significant data(p<.05). I did Duncan's test for post verification. The mutual relation between health condition and working stress rate have been conducted using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Followings are the results of my research. 1. Two groups showed significant differency at age after testing homogeneous character between two groups (${\chi}^2$ =9.919, p=.007). 2. Comparing two group's health condition, cancer ward(average 19.35${\pm}$18.34) were higher than general ward(14.42${\pm}$10.59) and showed statistical significant differency(p=.009). And, comparing two group's mental condition, cancer ward(9.00${\pm}$9.79) were higher than general ward(7.13${\pm}$6.35) and statistically no differency. 3. After comparing two group's working stress rate, the rate of cancer ward nurse's working stress(3.36${\pm}$.50) is higher than general ward nurse (3.32${\pm}$.48). There are no significant differency. However, in the detailed verification test, there were significant differency at inappropriate compensation (t=3.254, p=.001) and medication issue (t=2.170, p=.031). 4. After comparing health condition at general points, physical health condition showed significant differency at age(p=.020), the number of children (p=.015), religion (p=.015), position(p=.005), career(p=.008), working satisfaction(p=.003), activity after office hour(p=.045); and mental health condition showed significant differency at position(p=.010), career (p=.017), working satisfaction (p=.003). 5. After comparing the working stress rate according to general points, there were significant differency at working satisfaction (F=5.285, p=.006), predicted nursing(F=3.822, p=.023). 6. At the relation of health condition and working stress rate between two groups. physical and mental condition showed significant relation with working stress rate. i.e, if a nurse's health condition is not good, she are feeling much more stress than others. After considering all the factors in my research, I found that the health condition and stress rate of cancer ward nurses is much higher than general ward nurses. Considering that cancer ward nurses is necessary to care for increasing cancer patients with mental and physical nursing, the less stress for cancer ward nurses is very important to develop nursing quality and working efficiency by keeping good health condition, specializing cancer ward nurses. Therefore, we need following studies to find the factors which are effecting to cancer ward nurses' health and specialization. Also, we need to improve managing working condition to decrease working stress by improving working condition.