• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.519-529
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• 2022

Many consumers are opting for online booking over traditional booking systems. Customers can actively seek out information about hotels and lodging services, as well as book rooms, at any time and from any location. Customers also feel more supported when they interact with virtual assistants or professionals. Recognizing this issue, several hotels have focused on improving their websites by incorporating aspects that encourage customers to book directly through the hotel's website. The study's goal is to discover what factors impact people's decisions to book a hotel stay through the hotel's website. Therefore, hotel managers and owners can make decisions to improve the hotel website to attract residents to Can Tho City. The factors are website quality, affective commitment, social presence, and e-trust that affect customers' decision to book through the hotel website. The study uses quantitative methods to collect data from 180 residents living in Can Tho. Through data analysis on SPSS and Amos software, the research results show that three factors considered, namely website quality, affective commitment, and social presence, positively influence customers' booking decisions. This finding also suggests that e-trust is less critical to residents in Can Tho City, different from what the study had predicted.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2013

Purpose: The study aimed to identify influencing factors associated with the organizational commitment (OC) among hospital nurses. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was utilized. The subjects of this study were 447 female nurses working for over 6 months in Seoul. The study was based on the data from a self-reported survey using structured questionnaires. The data were collected from September 10 to 30, 2009 and analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of the OC was 2.45, slightly higher than the intermediate level. The mean score of the three-dimensional domain among the OC, affective commitment (AC) was 2.50, continuance commitment (CC) was 2.59, and normative commitment (NC) was 2.29. The influencing factors of nurses' AC were perceived organizational support (POS) (${\beta}$=.31, p<.001), supervisory trust, job burnout, nursing professionalism, and age, which accounted for 49.7%. The influencing factors of the CC were supervisory trust (${\beta}$=.20, p<.001), POS, and job burnout whereas the influencing factors of the NC were POS (${\beta}$=.40, p<.001), supervisory trust, nursing professionalism, and job burnout. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop supportive strategies that increase OC, which also improve the POS, nursing professionalism, and supervisory trust, and alleviate job burnout in hospital nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.2 s.150
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• pp.358-368
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• 2006

Today apparel finns make much effort to build a long-term relationship with their customers. The studies of salesperson-customer relationship emphasized the importance of customer's commitment on the formation of the continuous salesperson-consumer relationship. Therefore, the current study deals with the psychological relationship commitment development and from this prospective examines how consumers maintain the continuous relationship with a particular salesperson. The data were collected from January to February 2005 and analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 and Amos 5.0 with factor analysis, regression, ANOVA, path analysis. The results are as follows: First, the hypothetical model of multidimensional consumer commitment which showed a better fit of data than the rival model is unintentionally conceptualized. Second, the result showed that the affective commitment did the most effective role among the three dimensions of commitment consulted in this study. Especially the data indicated that for the establishment of the affective commitment in the salesperson-customer relationship. it is very important that a customer has deep trust in salesperson's ability, benevolence and honesty.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.11 s.213
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• pp.153-164
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of relationship commitment on the female customer's future behavioral intention in relation to the criteria of evaluating cyber stores in internet shopping malls. This study used questionnaire and judgment sampling to survey consumers who have bought product in internet shopping malls. The respondents were 329 women from their twenties to fifties. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, regression and Duncan test. The results were as follows: 1. The evaluative criteria of cyber stores were product characteristics of the store, convenience and trust, and promotion and information provision. 2. There were significant differences in relationship commitment among groups according to differences of cyber store evaluation criteria. 3. The dimensions of relationship commitment were affective commitment, calculus commitment and normative commitment. 4. Relationship commitment was found to have a significant effect on the customer's future behavioral intention. Especially, affective commitment was shown to have a significant effect on the future behavioral intention.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.253-271
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• 2013

Innovation becomes norm rather than exception in today's business, and accordingly firms are working on how to make their employees to work smarter using information systems and technologies. Smart work demands virtual collaboration and cooperation among team members in different places and different time. Sharing of knowledge among team members in these innovative activities are critical in every sense for the successful performance. This study explores the antecedents of knowledge sharing among team members in team-based innovation activities. Five factors (pleasure of knowledge sharing, self-efficacy, management support, rewards, and system usage) are identified through extant review of literature and an instrument is adopted and validated from previous studies. The instrument is adminitered against 138 individuals in and across 54 teams in a telecommunication firm. Except self efficacy, all the paths in the proposed research model is confirmed with different levels of relational coefficients towards the levels of knowledge sharing and innovation activities in teams. Surprisingly, findings indicate that intrinsic pleasure of sharing is most critical than management support, organizational rewards or system usage. This study fills the research gap in team management. Findings provide important implications for managing teams in coming virtual and smart environment.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.29-42
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• 2011

With the many advantages of the internet, online shopping has become one of the fastest growing types of retail businesses. However, internet-based firms are much more firmly required to retain existing customers rather than secure new ones, and to make them revisit the site by strengthening trust and loyalty, thereby improving profits and outrivaling competitors. Commitment is an essential part of successful long-term relationships between buyers and sellers. Although commitments by both parties in an exchange can provide the foundation for the development of relational social norms, disproportionate commitments can lead to opportunism by the less committed partner. Moreover, flow, which is characterized by intense concentration and enjoyment, was found to be significantly linked with exploratory use behavior, which in turn was linked to the extent of computer use. The level of flow was, itself, determined by the individual's sense of being in control, and the level of challenge perceived in maneuvering a website. Website attractiveness goes hand in hand with the attractiveness of an internet shopping mall, and it can be conceptualized as the persuasive effectiveness of a message by the use of familiarity, favor, similarity, etc. It occurs when information receivers try to achieve self-satisfaction when they actually or emotionally identify themselves with an information source. This study investigates the relationship between the perceived system characteristics of an internet shopping mall and the loyalty of online consumers, and it examines how perceived website attractiveness and flow play mediating roles between the perceived system characteristics of an internet shopping mall and the affective commitment in the context of a clothes internet shopping mall. For these purposes, a structural model comprising several variables was developed. That model was tested with an analysis of moment structure (AMOS) using data from respondents who had purchased clothing through the internet during the past three months. In this model, the perceived system characteristics of an internet shopping mall, such as familiarity, reputation, uniqueness, positive emotions, self-efficacy, and interactivity, were proposed to affect the website's attractiveness and flow, and lead to a higher affective commitment over time. Thus, the perceived website attractiveness and flow were proposed as core mediating variables between perceived system characteristics and affective commitment. The results of a reliability test using Cronbach's Alpha, and a confirmatory factor analysis warranted using unidimensionality for the measures for each construct. In addition, the nomological validity of the measures was warranted from the results of a correlation analysis. The results of empirical analyses indicated that systematic attributes resulting in website attractiveness and user's characteristics, thereby triggering customers' flow, play a crucial role in inducing customers' affective commitment, and a user's characteristics are twice as important as systematic attributes in this study. Moreover, familiarity, reputation, and uniqueness all have a significant effect on website attractiveness, and the research showed that uniqueness took the first place, and that familiarity and reputation followed in order of magnitude. The fact that reputation was not the most important factor that affects the attractiveness of an internet shopping mall, with uniqueness or familiarity having a greater impact, suggests much deeper implications. Finally, positive emotion, self-efficacy, and interactivity all have a significant effect on customers' flow. In particular, the fact that positive emotion, compared to self-efficacy or interactivity, has much more impact on flow is very suggestive.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.307-329
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• 2022

This study aimed to explore factors which can predict interpersonal tolerance and intolerance. Specifically, the study examined whether tolerance and intolerance would be explained by demographic variables, social desirability, empathy (cognitive empathy and affective empathy), fear of compassion for others, social trust, and zero-sum belief. Participants in the study were 445 adults (218 males and 227 females) who completed an online survey. Data were analyzed by using hierarchical regression analyses to control the effects of demographic variables and social desirability. The results indicated that tolerance was explained by gender, subjective socioeconomic status, social desirability, cognitive empathy, and social trust. In addition, intolerance was predicted by social desirability, fears of compassion for others, and zero-sum belief. It means that the constructs of tolerance and intolerance are distinct, and different factors predict tolerance and intolerance, respectively. Therefore, it would be necessary to develop realistic ways to promote tolerance and to prevent intolerance at the same time in order to achieve co-existence in a multicultural and diverse society.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.272-283
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• 2020

Hashtags (#) have received a great deal of attention from academia and industry as an effective digital tool for engaging social media users and facilitating electronic word-of-mouth for brands. We delved into motivations concerning people's brand-related hashtag-posting behavior on social media. The findings revealed three motivations for posting brand-related hashtags on social media: social acceptance, brand altruism, and incentive seeking. Additionally, we examined the relationships between motivations and brand relationship variables. The results showed that social acceptance and brand-related altruism predicted all of the five relationship variables (i.e., brand attitude, brand trust, brand affective and calculative commitment and brand loyalty), while incentive-seeking predicted brand calculative commitment and brand loyalty. The findings of the study provide some meaningful insights into the development of brand communication strategies and help marketers capitalize on social media platforms to achieve higher user involvement.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.321-337
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• 2011

The current study is an attempt, in two separate surveys, to explore the role of motivation to lead, which has rarely been introduced into academic leadership research in Korea. For the survey and statistical analysis, the population is defined as the employees working in Korea. The motivation to lead is considered important in practices since without it any leadership development interventions show less possibility to succeed. The motivation to lead was defined in terms of three dimensions as in affective motivation, socio-normative motivation, and non-calculative motivation(Chen & Drasgow, 2001). The study then empirically explored the potential relationships between the three dimensions and leadership styles. Specifically, such leadership styles as transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and self-sacrificial leadership behavior have been correlated to motivation to lead. In addition, using regression analysis, the explanatory power of the motivation to lead on various dependent variables were investigated. As a result, the three dimensions of motivation to lead, that is, affective, socio-normative, and non-calculative motivations each were found to have strong correlations with transformational, transactional, and self-sacrificial leadership, as well as with other criterion-related variables such as organizational commitment and trust. Limitations of the current study, along with future research directions were also discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.191-204
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of interactivity on consumer-internet brand relationship and consumer's repurchase intention according to relationship tendency with internet brand. The survey was limited to the respondents over 20 years old living in Seoul and other metropolitan areas who had purchased fashion products in internet shopping mall. Questionnaire was collected from February 1, 2012 to February 12, 2012 and 562 useful data were analyzed using Amos 19. The results of this study were as follows: First, after respondents were divided into the strong relationship group and the weak relationship group, the path model was verified according to each group. All the paths except 'affective commitment${\rightarrow}$ repurchase intention' were accepted for the strong relationship group, while three paths were accepted for the weak relationship group. As for the weak relationship group, people-people interactivity dimension had a significantly positive effect on consumer-internet brand relationship. Also it showed stronger effect on each consumer-internet brand relationship dimension for both groups compared with contents-people interactivity. Second, respondents were divided into 'more than one year' group and 'less than one year' group according to relationship period. All the paths were accepted for 'more than one year' group, while three paths were accepted for 'less than one year' group. Both interactivity dimensions showed stronger effect on 'trust' than on 'affective commitment'.