• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.829-835
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• 2011

Purpose: The two major concerns in skin grafting are poor color match in the recipient site and the donor site morbidity. And, glabrous skin on the palmar aspect of the hands and plantar aspect of the feet attributes define the skin on the palm and fingers sole as functionally and aesthetically different from skin on other parts of the body. When there is a glabrous skin defect, it should be replaced with similar skin to restore function and aesthetics. The palmar crease areas were used to minimize these problems. The purpose of this study is to present the precise surgical technique of the full thickness skin graft using distal palmar and midpalmar creases for aesthetic better outcome for hand injuries. Methods: From May 2006 to April 2010, 10 patients with 11 defects underwent glabrous full thickness skin grafting of finger defects. Causes included seven machinery injuries, two secondary burn reconstructions, and one knife injury. Donor sites included ten glabrous full thickness skin graft from the distal palmar crease and one from the midpalmar crease. Results: Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 24 months. All glabrous skin grafts demonstrated complete taking the recipient sites and no incidence of the complete or partial loss. The donor site healed without complications, and there were no incidences of significant hypopigmantation, hyperpigmentation, or hypertrophic scarring. Conclusion: The important aspects of this method involve immediate return of glabrous skin to the defect site and restoration of the recipient site's crease by simple primary closure from adjacent skin. The glabrous skin of the palm provides the best tissue match for the reconstruction of the hands, but only a limited amount of tissue is available for this purpose. Full thickness skin grafting using palmar crease of the defects is the ideal way of reconstructing glabrous skin to restore both function and aesthetics and minimize donor site morbidity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.586-597
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• 2014

In this paper, we describe a symbolization analysis of a Diamond World Mandala animation. The mandala means the basic idea of the esoteric Buddhism. The Diamond World Mandala has a very high value as cultural archetype due to have better specific meaning and aesthetic quality than other mandalas. Most researches of Buddhist cultural contents have focused on cultural assets restoration and abstract discussion on contents industrialization until now. However researches on contents directly delivering Buddhism scriptures' meanings are insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze concept of mandala and symbolical meaning of appeared elements in mandala rather than theoretical development appropriateness of mandalas' contents, then implement a prototype of a mandala animation. The animation is made of intangible culture such as an intellectual legacy of mankind, and its applications are as follows; education service for Buddhist doctrines, and cultural services through easy accessibility of Buddhist culture, etc.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 2008

Modern dental reconstructions do not only aim at restoring the patient's mastication, but rather at improving general well-being and quality of life, especially in terms of esthetics. The media, the internet, advertising, and many other facts of society contribute to an increased cosmetic awareness. A 35-year-old male patient presented with as follows: 1) the porcelain fracture of ceramo-metal restoration on #11 and #23, 2) the inclination of incisal plane to horizontal reference plane, 3) the dental midline deviation to facial midline, and 4) the lack of symmetry on upper anterior dentition. The patient requested an aesthetic improvement using fixed prosthodontics including implant-supported restorations. In the upper anterior region, one of the goals of the conventional as well as implant prosthesis is to achieve restorations with the dental attractiveness and beauty in the respect of dental, dentofacial, and facial compositions. This case report presents geometrically improvement of dental esthetics using conventional and implant prosthesis with soft and hard tissue augmentation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.577-585
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• 2008

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The discoloration of anterior teeth restoration is one of the material problems demanding retreatment. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the color stability and affecting factors on esthetic restorative materials when subjected to accelerated aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted using porcelain disks (IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished), direct restorative resin disks (SYNERGY Duo) and indirect restorative resin disks (Sinfony, TESCERA ATL). Accelerated aging was done by precipitating the specimens in 38.C distilled water and irradiating with xenon light, and the total irradiation was 397.98 KJ/mm. Color and microhardness change of the specimens were measured before accelerated aging and after 100 hours, 200 hours and 300 hours of accelerated aging, and Surface of the specimens were examined with SEM before and after 300 hours of accelerated aging. RESULTS: 1. After 300 hours' accelerated aging, a ${\Delta}E$ value was 3.3 or lower in IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished and Sinfony. 2. After 300 hours' accelerated aging, gloss was lost and surface changes including microcracks were observed in TESCERA ATL and SYNERGY Duo, and color changes of them ranged between 3.58 and 6.40 ${\Delta}E$ units. 3. During 300 hours' accelerated aging, the microhardness of surface was increased by 3.21 - 19.64% in all kinds of composites resin. CONCLUSION: After 300 hours' accelerated aging, SEM images IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished and Sinfony showed little morphological change and their color changes were considered to be clinically acceptable. And there was significant correlation between microhardness changes and color changes of composites (P < .05).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.342-345
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• 2007

Purpose: A common side effect of the scalp reduction is a creation of a 'slot' with the hair growing in the opposite directions away from the scar. Overcoming the unnatural appearance of the slot has been a vexing problem in the scalp reduction surgery. None of the conventional corrective surgical techniques provides a complete and satisfactory aesthetic result. The Frechet flap is a triple transposition flap used for the correction of the slot defect secondary to scalp reduction surgery, seldom needing further scar revision. The Frechet technique provides a solution to the problem of the central slot concealment that is unattainable by other means, such as; Z-plasty and mini-graft. Methods: Authors applied the Frechet technique to Asian patients who had undergone scalp reduction and operated on 4 patients from March, 2000 to January, 2001. Average follow-up period was 13 months. Patients with long scars passing through the temporoparietoccipital zone were excluded. All the undermining was performed in the subgaleal plane, reaching the upper auricular sulcus and stopping just above the nuchal ridge. Results: None of the patients experienced infection, hematoma, nor any permanent hair loss. Transient telogen effluvium at the distal end of flap 2 and 3 was noticeable in one case. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results are aesthetically satisfactory without any significant complications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.75-86
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• 2004

This study aims at considering and analyzing the stature of denim clothing as an ornament as well ai how aesthetic meaning and human being's mental side indwell in the development of denims. which will be proceeded in the future, from the view of contemporary culture of dressing. It is found that the stylishness expressed through denim clothing is formed on the basis of the cultures of party, drawing and disorganization, and the result of the study was as follows. Firstly, the culture of party became the source of for decoration of denim clothing, and denim clothing more glamorize women as a party-look which makes the most use of its advantage to be comfortable and able to display in various ways with splendid artificial jewelry, patchwork, dyed pattern which is elaborately embroidered. Secondly, Such culture of drawing is applied to denim clothing so that denims are expressed to make people feel more human being's warmth as being free from the existing stereotype and formality. Thirdly, the most outstanding feature of denim clothing showed in the culture of disorganization is to make the most use of vintage style as it is. This reflects an image of the culture of disorganization under postmodernism, which is free from the traditional conception of the existing dressing by destroying the original form, in the way of slashing, making a hole and tearing. That is, people can sufficiently express not only free sense of release based on postmodernism by wearing denim clothing, but also human being's intrinsic desire for restoration of humanism or human warmth with splendid decoration or various techniques such as handicraft. It can be recognized these features as the reasons, that make denim clothing place themselves as an original fashion item, by giving denim clothing technical decoration in recent years.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2019

Various techniques have been developed, and the development of piezo electric devices have made it possible to widen the alveolar ridge even if the residual bone is dense or if there is a lack of cancellous bone between the cortical bones. In the operation of the mandibular posterior area, the flap is easily accessible to the ramus bone, from which high quality autogenous bone can be obtained, compared to other parts. A small autologous bone block can be used with particulated bone graft material using one screw for bone regeneration instead of a large autologous bone with two screws. The tapered implant design can minimize buccal bone fracture, even in severely atrophic mandibular areas. We report a case of 4 years following implant placement with ridge splitting and small autogenous bone graft in severly atrophic mandible. This report demonstrates a case of functional and aesthetic restoration in a patient through a collaboration.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.287-295
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• 2007

As a general treatment modality of subgingival tooth defect in aethetic area, implant or crown and bridge therapy after extraction of affected tooth can be used. But as more conservative treatment, crown lengthening can be considered and not to lose periodontal attachment and impair aethetic appearance, surgical extrusion can be considered as a treatment of choice. In this case report, 3 cases of surgical extrusion was represented and appropriate time for initiation of endodontic treatment according to the post-surgical tooth mobility was investigated. In 8 patient who has subgingival tooth defect in aethetic area, intracrevicular incision is performed and flap was reflected with care not to injure interproximal papillae. With forcep or periotome, tooth was luxated and sutured in properely extruded position according to biologic width with or without $180^{\circ}$ rotation. 8 cases show favorable short and long term results. In some cases, surgical extrusion with $180^{\circ}$ rotation can minimized extent of extrusion and semi-rigid fixation without apical bone graft seems to secure good prognosis. In 8 cases, endodontic treatment started about 3 weeks after surgery. This time corresponds with the moment when mobility of extruded tooth became 1 degree and this results concide with other previous reports. If it is done on adequate case selection and surgical technique, surgical extrusion seems to be a good treatment modalilty to replace the implant restoration in aethetic area.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2018

Oral rehabilitation of a patient having severe periodontitis with alveolar bone resorption and periodontal inflammation presents a challenge to clinicians. However, if appropriate implant placement according to the bone shape is selected, unnecessary bone grafting or soft tissue surgery can be minimized. In recent years, using cone beam CT and software, it has become possible to operate the planned position with the surgical guide made with 3D printing technology. This case was a 70 years old female patient who required total extraction of teeth due to severe periodontitis and performed a full-mouth rehabilitation with an implant - supported fixed prosthesis. During the surgery, the implant was placed in a flapless manner through a surgical guide. Immediate loading of the temporary prosthesis made by CAD/CAM method before surgery was done. Since then, we have produced customized abutments and zirconia prostheses, and have reported satisfactory aesthetic and functional recovery.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-179
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• 2012

Microbiological calcium carbonate precipitation (MCCP) is being applied for the aesthetic restoration of cement buildings destroyed by biochemical processes and to block water penetration into the cement's inner structure. After determining the advantages of this technique, many related studies in the area of architecture concerning the application of microorganisms to improve construction material have been reported in both America and Europe. The techniques compatibility with cement material is especially interesting because of the needed screening of various calcium carbonate forming-bacteria and the required development of their application methods. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanism of MCCP and related researches with eco-friendly construction materials. Mainly, we describe the methodological studies focused on biodeposition on the surface of building materials and the research trends concerning the addition of microorganisms to improve the durability of cement structures. Additionally, the concepts and technical aspects focused on the development of self-healing smart concrete, with the use of multi-functional bacteria, have been considered.