• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2013

치관높이 공간이 과도할 경우 임플란트 몸체 혹은 구성물의 실패와 같은 고정성 보철물의 생역학적 합병증이 증가하며 치관 높이 공간이 12 mm 이상으로 과도한 경우는 고정성 보철물 선택에 유의하여야 한다. 고정성 보철물을 제작 시 치아들이 길어지므로 심미적 부위에서는 치은 색조를 띠는 재료를 사용해야 할 필요가 있다. 이러한 경우, 유지와 위생 관리가 적절하지 못하게 형성된 고정성 보철물은 음식물, 치태, 치석을 정체시키고 염증과 감염이 발생될 수 있으며 만성 염증과 감염으로 인해 외과적인 개선이 필요할 수 있다. 본 증례에서, 과도한 치관높이 공간을 가진 환자에게 발음 및 심미성을 고려하여 보철물 제작 후 보철물 주위의 치은 염증 및 부종이 발생하였으며, 그 원인이 구강위생을 어렵게 하는 보철물의 디자인으로 판단되어 치간공극을 충분히 형성한 임시 보철물을 장착 후 2개월 동안의 관찰 기간을 거치며 특이할 만한 이상 소견이 없음을 확인하였고 자가 위생 관리가 용이한 디자인으로 지르코니아 하부구조에 도재를 축성한 고정성 보철물로 구강회복을 시행하였으며, 일련의 치료과정을 통하여 부적절한 연조직 반응이 관찰 되지 않고 기능적인 면에서 만족스러운 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2001

This study was conducted to suggest the ecological restoration methods for the decomposed granite roadside cutslopes by Natural Topsoil Restoration Methods(NTRM). Four woody species, 3 shrub species, 4 native grasses, 8 wild flowers and 2 cool-season grasses were used. The experiment was conducted with the purpose of developing ecological restoration techniques by achieving following objectives for restoration by using native woody plants, shrubs, native plants and wild flowers; (1) prevention or reduction of wind and water erosion, (2) provision of food and cover for variety of animal species, (3) improvement of the visual or aesthetic quality of disturbed sites. The main results were summarized as follows. 1. Restoring naturalness to human-altered landscapes are important to protecting the worlds biodiversity. In this study, to restore or create an ecological community use as full a complement of native species as possible. Ecological restoration means returning a specific sites to its predisturbance condition. 2. Some species which are introduced first may inhibit the germination and growth of slower-growing species, or they may prevent the growth of other species whose propagules arrive later. In this study, cool season grasses was used small amount than native plants and woody species, because and Indigofera pseudo-tintoria grows well. Tall fescue and perennial ryegrass shows quick germination, but they could not inhibit the other species growing relatively slow. Pinus thunbergii used at Gonam near the ocean was suppressed by the other plants, so it can be concluded that using container seedlings is effective than seeding. 4. Ailanthus altissima, Albizzia julibrissin, Rhus chinensis Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria were germinated. In wild flowers, Coreopsis lanceolata, Dianthus sinensis, Coreopsis tinctoria, and Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus grew well and show enough plant height which will not suppressed by shrub and woody plants. After one year, native grasses such as Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens and Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii cover the slopes well. 5. 25 herbaceous plants such as Trifolium repens, Arthraxon hispidus, Barbarea orthocerae, Potentilla fragarioides, Lepidium apetalum, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum, Glycine soja, Rubus crataegifolius and 4 woody species such as Lespedeza maximowiczii, Robinia pseudoacacia, Symplocos Chinensis, Quercus acutissma were invaded. 6. Ecological restoration works by Natural Topsoil Restoration Methods for revegetation of the decomposed granite roadside cutslopes were successfully accomplished. It prevents surface water erosion and shows diverse vegetation structure. It will be successful to restore decomposed granite cutslopes.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2017

The purpose of this qualitative research was to examine the behavior patterns and activities related to the clothing of older women. A total of 31 older women were interviewed regarding indoor/outdoor wearing conditions, thermal sensation indoors, and their clothing perception related to health. The final outcomes were as follows. Firstly, interviewees viewed indoor temperature as neutral in the spring and fall. Many people felt cool or warm in the summer and warm or cold in the winter. Secondly, they controlled indoor temperature with an air conditioner and/or fan and by opening the window and/or wearing less clothing. In winter, most respondents used a heating system and wore more clothing. It seemed that the level of dependence on clothing was higher in winter. Thirdly, the number of garment layer indoors was similar among the four seasons, and many wore underwear. However, there were individual variations. Fourthly, interviewees tended to perceive clothing in relation to health. Textile materials appropriate to the season were firstly viewed as related to health, followed by climate adaptability, clothing pressure, UV protection, and aesthetic satisfaction. Fifthly, respondents showed positive attitudes towards health improvement by clothing even though they lacked information on it. From this research, older women showed positive the perception and attitudes regarding clothing from a health perspective. Since they lacked information, education is needed regarding the bases and ways to improve health through clothing behavior.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2012

과도한 치아 마모는 교합면에 손상을 야기하고, 치수 병변, 교합 부조화, 기능장애, 심미적 문제 등을 야기할 수 있다. 과도한 치아 마모를 갖고 있는 환자들을 치료하고자 할 때 수직교합고경(vertical dimension of occlusion, VDO)의 상실 여부와 수복을 위한 악간 공간의 적절성 여부에 기반하여 분류를 할 필요가 있다. 본 증례의 환자는 다수 치아들의 마모를 지닌 50세의 남성으로, 과도한 치아 마모가 있지만 수직교합고경의 상실은 없으며 수복을 위한 악간 공간이 부족하였다. 이러한 경우 수직교합고경을 증가시켜 치료를 진행하는 것을 고려할 수 있다. 수직교합고경의 증가를 필요한 범위 내에서 최소로 줄이고, 증가된 수직교합고경 상에서 안정화 기간을 거친 뒤 안정된 교합 접촉을 제공할 수 있다면, 수직고경 증가를 동반한 치료법은 안정성을 가질 수 있다. 본 남성 환자를 치료하기 위해 수직고경의 증가를 동반하여 전치부와 구치부에서 단일구조 지르코니아를 이용한 고정성 보철물로 수복을 하였다. 일련의 치료과정을 통하여 기능적인 면과 심미적인 면에서 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권6A호
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• pp.355-367
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• 2012

전국 농촌에 산재되어 있는 많은 수로교가 노후화되어 보수 보강 및 리모델링이 필요한 실정이다. 수로교는 농촌의 경관에 일부분을 차지하고 있으나 지금까지 본연의 기능 위주로 설계되어 구조물별 특징없이 소규모의 연속화된 구조적 특성을 가지고 있어 단조로운 경관요소를 이루고 있다. 따라서 기능과 안전 및 경관을 함께 고려한 수로교의 리모델링 설계가 요구되고 있어 본 연구에서는 이를 위한 실제 적용가능한 설계대안을 제시하고자 하였다. 수로교 설계대안을 제시하기 위하여 교량의 미학적 원리를 바탕으로 상하부구조의 형태과 배치, 색채와 문양 등을 미학적 설계요소로 표현하였으며 제시된 설계대안은 주변경관과 함께 지역적 맥락에 적합하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 수로교 개보수 설계 대안 가이드라인은 농촌지역의 경관에 어울리도록 노후 수로교에 대한 개보수계획을 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

오늘날 EU환경규제로 포장용 완충재로 사용되는 EPS(스티로폼) 대체용 공기 충진 완충재는 출시 이후 점진적으로 시장이 확대되는 포장업계 블루칩이다. 공기충진형 완충재는 뛰어난 완충능력과 친환경성으로 EPS를 대체하여 빠르게 시장을 확장하고 있다. 기존 공기 충진 완충재에 대비하여 원료절감과 공정향상, 직관적 미관 향상을 모두 충족하는 새로운 선택 충진형 공기 충진재 제조기술이다. 본 연구는 다단 에어셀 충진 밸브성형기술은 선택충전 기술을 바탕으로, 밸브형성 구조기술을 적용하여 선택적으로 다양한 형태로 충진이 가능한 기술이다. 다단 에어셀 충진 밸브성형기술의 구조도는 밸브단이 구분된 제1주입필름, 밸브필름, 제2주입필름 등 3겹의 필름을 적층하여 복수의 주입구를 형성한 기술이다. 기존의 기술은 연결된 다수의 공기주머니에 공기를 주입하기 위한 별도의 외부 공기주입로가 필수적으로 구성되어야 하나, 본 연구는 공기 주머니의 내부에 외부 공기주입로가 형성되어 공기를 주입하기 위한 외부 공기주입로가 외견상 없어짐으로써 그에 따른 원재료 및 공정이 감소하고, 공기가 주입되어 원형 튜브로 팽창하는 과정에서 단면의 길이가 63~66%로 축소되는 공기주머니와 다르게 공기주입 후 내부 공기가 배출되고 단면이 원래의 길이를 유지하여 불필요하게 접힌 채 붙어 있는 외부 공기주입로를 내부에 일체화 하여 완충재의 미관이 향상되는 기술적 특징과 다수의 연속된 공기주머니에 선택적으로 공기를 충전할 수 있는 선택충전에 관한 것으로 기존 기술대비 뛰어난 차별성을 갖는 스마트한 공기충전형 완충재 제조 기술이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.54-63
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• 1999

This study was conducted to suggest the ecological restoration and environmentally friendly revegetation technology for the rock-exposed cut-slopes by the Natural Topsoil Restoration Methods (NTRM) with the following restoration objectives; (1) prevention or reduction of wind and water erosion, (2) provision of food and cover for variety of animal species, (3) improvement of the visual or aesthetic quality of the disturbed slopes. On Nov. in 1995, the 5cm thick layer of artificial soil and 2cm thick layer of straw-mulching was attached at rock-exposed cut-slopes by NTRM without using anchor wire and anchor pin. The main results during four years surveying on the ground-coverage effect, plant growth, species diversity and importance values were summarized as follows. 1. Artificial soil attached at rock exposed cut-slopes was not eroded until recovered by tree and herbaceous vegetation in spite of not using anchor wire and anchor pin. Also it shows low soil hardiness and has almost the same amount of bacteria and fungi with in surrounding natural topsoil. 2. In 'combination for the woody vegetation', Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Albizzia julibrissin, Rhus chinensis, Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria occupied upper layer vegetation. Since three years after seeding, Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria had overwhelmed the other woody plants and cool season foreign grasses, Erigeron canadensis, Taraxacum mongolicum, Commelina communis, Arundinella hirta (Thunberg) and Oenothera erythrosepala grows at lower part of the vegetation, 3. The heights of the Rhus chinensis grows 1.8m, Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria 2.0m, so it seems that the objectives of woody vegetation with native plants could be accomplished. 4. After 4 years later after seeding in 'combination for the herbaceous vegetation', the most dominant plant was Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria, the next was in order of cool-season grasses, Taraxacum mongolicum, Erigeron canadensis, lxeris dentata (Thunberg), Oenothera erythrosepala, Arundinella hirta (Thunberg). The diversity index in 'combination for woody vegetation' was higher than that in 'combination for the herbaceous vegetation'. The tendency of the intrusion of secondary succession plants was more effective in 'combination for the herbaceous vegetation' than in 'combination for the woody vegetation'.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제8권
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• pp.5-43
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• 2005

This study aimed to suggest a resolution through a research on actual condition of appreciation class among art classes in elementary school. For this object, this study is about the need and problem of appreciation through concert of art appreciation and educational meaning. And this study is research, based on 200 current teachers to teach the art education of appreciation in Seoul. In the case of student research, this study show the current appreciation education focusing on 200 students in Seoul. The teachers has been seeing the importance of the appreciation education, but that education has been performing in the poor environment without aids and appreciation materials. And they thought that the most effective way to teach the appreciation of art is the on-site education such as the invitation of art-gallery or museum. The Change of realization about art, together with improvement of realistic situation, is important. But more important problem is the role and the realization of teacher who teach art directly. If the teacher's viewpoint to teach directly education of appreciation is examined, there are following problems First, it lacks realization about the importance of appreciation education. Teachers who teach a student have been taken functional art education mainly and this trend has been spread in the whole of society, therefore, the importance about the teaching of appreciation is negligent and is handled indifferently. Also, Teachers do not offer opportunity to obtain professional information of art appreciation map to overemphasize the study of practical teaching research. Second, elementary schools teacher is, for the most part, occasion that homeroom teacher teaches all object classes, and complete charge teacher is selected only some. Therefore, teacher in charge who play most a lot of subjects is difficult to recognize the importance of art teaching appreciation subject or class. There must have been a research about the educational preventive measures as suitable support, reorganization of at time and experts in superior office educational institution. Trough this study, I could know that front-line teacher should be specialized and more complete charge teacher should be needed urgently. Finally, the teachers must break the custom of the art appreciation and develop various art appreciation method. And the teachers have to lead the students to be interested art appreciation. That's what cultivate the students' aesthetic feeling and genius.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.303-317
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• 2010

This study helps in the production of brassieres suitable for female adults by researching the actual wearing conditions and purchasing status, satisfaction rate, and preferences of female college students in their early 20's. The collected data was analyzed by a SPSSWIN 13.0 Program and the results of the research are as follows. 1. There is a noticeable difference between the breast satisfaction rate and breast size, in addition the satisfactory rate was higher in the normal breast size or a little ample size than in the very small or very big size. According to the shape, the satisfactory rate for the breast appeared to be high in the case of the recognition and evaluation of the hemisphere type than the flat, cone, pop out, and downward type. 2. For fitness, the looseness at the top of the cup (pressed between the breasts at the upper part of the front middle), pressing and looseness at the upper sides of the cup, inappropriate size of the cup, tightness of the wings, tightness at the bottom round of the breasts, the narrow width of the wire, wide space of the shoulder strings, and the sliding of the shoulder strings had problems that needed improvement. 3. The major priorities for purchasing brassieres are size, fitness, and aesthetic qualities. As a result, the size and the fitness are more important than the trend or decorations since the brassiere has the function to support the breasts that shows that hygiene and sanitation are recognized as an important standard for undergarment selection. The size and the fitness are important factors regardless of breast types in the examination of the selection standards of the brassieres for each breast type, but the cone and hemisphere types have higher preferences for design; the pop out type has more considerations for the material of the cloth. The result show that appearance is more important for smaller breasts, but the functionality of the brassier is more important than the appearance for medium and larger breast sizes.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.13-41
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• 1989

The raw materials for plant-stalk-folkcrafts are cultivated in the whole country. Most Korean farmers, to increase their income, have produced mats and containers with various plants as a side line from very long ago. At first, they began from the instruments of life and then made folkart and at last get to manu\ulcornerfacturing of industrial folk craft. The folkcrafts, made of plant-stalk, which could nor conform to changing society, are partly declined and partly handed down as the traditions. The social change today, however, makes living conditions more speedy and multisided, accordingly the characteristics of demand also become in\ulcornerdividual and various. While the demend is various like this, suppliers cannot answer demendants' requirements, and consequently, the demand and profit cannot be increased. According to this, the purpose of this study is set up to give an answer to the situation that is at the traditional standstill, through an examination of the motives. I. The crafts of plant-stalk are made only in an organized relationship between agriculture, industry and art as it is compounded art of gathering raw material, manufacturing, producing, improv\ulcornering design and production conditions. It may be possible that a farmer gathers material and weaves it manually but in others, it is im\ulcornerpossible to refine, bleach and dye because the process requires a professional industrial treatment. It is impossible to make art works to a farmer as every farner does not always have aesthetic sense. Though a farmer or producer has these all abilities, it is not desirable to him from economical view. 2. The development or improvement is essential in many sides but the most important thing seems to he in design. According to reports, it is, howevt!r, fact that the crafts improved in design of existing works have more expanded the sales than newly developed works. Therefore, ir appears advisable to improve designs of existing things positively as they have merit of occupying a position already, but on the other hand, new crafts have to be also developed and the producer should grasp the proper time. 3. Building up an industrial complex to improve design with collecting the producing districts for this works scattered allover the country is very desirable for speedy communication, intensive educa\ulcorner tion or training, and effective guidance. 4. In producing for export abroad, before everything, must know the life environment, custom! and manners, main thought of the country, and then produce according to these. S. The crafts of plant-stalk are the fIrst industry in present but in the futher it should change intc second or third industry. 6. A synethetic organization for supporting side line should be established for effectiveness, and experts have to be secured and also the educational-industrial complex and activation of study should be preceded.