• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 1980

The term "Oligodontia" or "Hypodontia" have been used to describe variable degrees of reduction in number of teeth. Oligodontia may occur alone or as a result of some syndrome. Although the teeth are derived in part from ectoderm, the current opinion of reason of oligodontia should be reserved for those disorders in which there is abnormal development of one or more ectodermal tissues. 7 year 5 months old female was refered to the department of pedodontics, college of dentistry Yonsei university for evaluation and replacement of absent teeth. She had no special inf.ectious disease in her childhood, and her parents were healthy. She had no special syndrome of ectodermal disorders except the saddle nose, yellow and fine hair, and notched upper anterior central incisor. Panex radiogram was showing 6 anterior primary teeth, 2 permanent first molars and 2 unerupted first bicuspid in mandible. Another permanent teeth were absent. and normal number of primary and permanent teeth in maxilla. Lateral cephalogram showed no special abnormality in growth pattern. We had evaluated lower anterior decayed teeth with jacket resin and chrome steel crown and removable partial denture at missing area. We had got good results for rehabilitation of function and aesthetic.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.919-928
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was conducted to improve middle school students' satisfaction on their uniform to provide basic information for the wearing condition. on their comfortable uniform. Survey was conducted on 532 boys' and girls' middle school students in Iksan City. This study analyzed the purchasing factors and modification, fitting evaluation, and satisfaction of comfortable uniform aspect of students. It was the questionnaire consisted of 18 questions in total. The results are as follows : First, boys' middle school students preferred 'activity' among the purchasing factors. Girls' middle school students preferred 'design' and 'activity' among the purchasing factors. Second, in purchasing types, boys' students bought the type of cooperative purchasing and the type of the school uniform special shop in girls' students. Third, 51.0% of the students interviewed have experienced to modify their uniforms. Since the non fashionable design and non suitable uniform length caused the students to modify their uniform. Also students did not satisfy the color and design in their comfortable uniforms. Thus school uniform maker should make that consider movement, color, design, functional elements and changing students' aesthetic sense.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2014

This study investigates consumer's traits of market segmentation based on the apparel benefits. The subjects were 302 college students living in Yunnam, China. The mean, ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan test, and K-means cluster analysis were used for statisticals analysis. The results of this study are as follows. The college students were classified, into six subdivisions, according to the apparel benefits by cluster analysis: indifference group, utility pursuit group, hedonic/brand pursuit group, individuality pursuit group, social recognition/fashion pursuit group, and pursuit benefits-minded group. In the factors of happiness-pursuing and life-centered of materialism, significant differences were found according to the groups of apparel benefits, and all factors of symbolic consumption and brand loyalty were found to have significant differences according to the groups of apparel benefits. The evaluation criteria of clothing were significantly different, depending on apparel benefits subdivision in criteria of aesthetic, socio-psychological, and utility. The use of information was shown to have significant differences, according to the groups of apparel benefits. The study results are highly expected to be utilized as useful sources in marketing plans for the midwest of China.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 1998

Prototypes of a design are always needed for the purpose of visualization and evaluation in the aspect of manufacturability functionality, and aesthetic appearance. Since the prototyping process requires a significant amount of cost and time, various rapid prototyping processes are recently being introduced in the process. However, it is usually necessary for a part built up by a rapid prototyping system to be refined by a post-processing process, in which the stair steps on the surfaces, the support structures (if they exist), and the unprocessed material are eliminated. This post-processing is usually done manually and is a time-consuming task. Especially, eliminating the trapped volumes, the volume of the unprocessed material entrapped by the solidified portion, is sometimes impossible in some processes. This study provides a designer with a tool to detect the existence and to calculate the quantity of the trapped volumes at the given build-up direction, so that the proper build-up direction is chosen or the part is built by pieces to avoid the problems caused by the trapped volumes in advance. Since the proposed algorithm can efficiently calculate the amount of the trapped volumes at any build-up direction, it has the potential of such application as optimizing the build-up direction to minimize the trapped volumes.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-53
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• 2012

Mechanical dampers have been proved to be one of the most effective countermeasures for vibration mitigation of stay cables in various cable-stayed bridges over the world. However, for long stay cables, as the installation height of the damper is restricted due to the aesthetic concern, using passive dampers alone may not satisfy the control requirement of the stay cables. In this connection, semi-active MR dampers have been proposed for the vibration mitigation of long stay cables. Although various studies have been carried out on the implementation of MR dampers on stay cables, the optimal damping performance of the cable-MR damper system has yet to be evaluated. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of MR damper as a semi-active control device for the vibration mitigation of stay cable. The mathematical model of the MR damper will first be established through a performance test. Then, an efficient semi-active control strategy will be derived, where the damping of MR damper will be tuned according to the dynamic characteristics of stay cable, in order to achieve optimal damping of cable-damper system. Simulation study will be carried out to verify the proposed semi-active control algorithm for suppressing the cable vibrations induced by different loading patterns using optimally tuned MR damper. Finally, the effectiveness of MR damper in mitigating multi modes of cable vibration will be examined theoretically.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.743-755
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• 2016

This study aimed to reveal the designer's creative process in the development of clothing designs. The researcher has taken roles both as a design practitioner and an observer. The full process of design development was concurrently documented while working to solve a specific problem. This included noting down the concept, keywords, and detailed scratch ideas, as well as refining the design by collecting sketches and taking photos. Integrated data from the captured design process were analyzed based on Lamb and Kallal's apparel design framework, which included problem identification, construction of preliminary ideas, design refinement, prototype development, and evaluation. The functional, expressive, and aesthetic (FEA) criteria of the entire process were thus assessed. Additionally, five professional apparel reviewers evaluated the design project based on FEA criteria. The results showed the processes for identifying targets and intentions, extracting the main elements from sources, developing the major visual concepts, and making final adjustments. Ultimately, this study revealed how a designer manages each stage of the creative design process. Sharing such detailed observations of the design process can help refine the knowledge involved in each stage of the creative process, and provide guidance for instructors in design education.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.983-1000
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• 2016

To date the engineering community has seen facade systems as non-structural elements with high aesthetic value and a barrier between the outdoor and indoor environments. The role of facades in energy use in a building has also been recognized and the industry is also witnessing the emergence of many energy efficient facade systems. This paper will focus on using exterior skin of the double skin facade system as a dissipative movable element during earthquake excitation. The main aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the facade system to act as a damper system to reduce earthquake-induced vibration of the primary structure. Unlike traditional mass dampers, which are usually placed at the top level of structures, the movable/smart double skin facade systems are distributed throughout the entire height of building structures. The outer skin is moveable and can act as a multi tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) that move and dissipate energy during strong earthquake motions. In this paper, using a three dimensional 10-storey building structure as the example, it is shown that with optimal choice of materials for stiffness and damping of brackets connecting the two skins, a substantial portion of earthquake induced vibration energy can be dissipated which leads to avoiding expensive ductile seismic designs. It is shown that the engineering demand parameters (EDPs) for a low-rise building structures subjected to moderate to severe earthquakes can be substantially reduced by introduction of a smart designed double skin system.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2011

최근 건축물들이 미적인 아름다움을 추구하며 점차 비정형화 되어감에 따라 이를 실현시켜 주기 위한 새로운 구조시스템들이 개발되고 있다. Diagrid system은 외각에 배치 된 경사진 기둥을 통해 구조물의 중력하중과 횡력을 모두 저항하는 시스템으로 건물 내부에 기둥이 없어 비교적 평면 변화에 유리한 시스템이다. 하지만 현행의 내진설계 기준에는 이와 같은 새로운 구조시스템에 대한 내진성능계수가 명시되어 있지 않다. 이에 새로운 내진성능 평가 방법인 ATC-63이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 구조물의 비정형성을 고려해주기 위해 3D 비선형 해석 모델에 각각 작용하는 하중의 방향을 달리하며 ATC-63에서 제시하고 있는 절차에 따라 비정형 Diagrid system의 내진성능을 평가하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.46-69
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• 2021

This research aimed to analyze the features of convertible accessories, develop sustainable accessory designs using convertible techniques, and evaluate the designs developed through a consumer satisfaction survey and in anticipation of commercialization. Through a review of literature and design cases, convertible accessories were classified; and six convertible accessory designs were developed into practical products. A survey on the convertible designs was conducted to evaluate their aesthetic, functional, and symbolic aspects, ease of use, usefulness, and the intention of consumers to purchase and use the products. In addition, a survey was performed to understand the differences in fashion leadership and eco commitment and behavior. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods, a series of t-test, and ANOVA using the SPSS 25.0 software. There were 335 participants; mostly adult women aged between 20 and 60 years and living in China, one of the world's largest accessory markets. The participants showed high interest to use and purchase the developed designs. There were significant differences in aesthetics, functionality, symbolism, attitude, ease of use, usefulness, usage, and purchase intention for the developed convertible accessories among people with different levels of fashion leadership, environmental commitment, and behavior. The results of this study will help designers develop convertible accessories with a better understanding of consumer perceptions and attitudes towards convertible accessories.

• 대한의사협회지
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• 제61권12호
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• pp.715-723
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• 2018

Facial soft tissue injury due to trauma is common. Severe damage of soft tissue causes functional and cosmetic problems. In the initial evaluation of patients with facial trauma, airway maintenance and respiratory maintenance are the most important. The principles of treatment include adequate irrigation and debridement, primary closure, or secondary wound healing. Postoperative care such as taping, silicone gel sheeting, and sun screening is important to prevent scarring. The scalp and forehead are abundant in blood and can cause severe bleeding. The eyelid is very thin and has a multi-layered structure, requiring accurate suturing and reconstruction of the layers. It is advisable to determine the presence of hematoma in the ear and treat it. When the cheek area is damaged, it is necessary to identify and treat the damage of the parotid gland and the facial nerve branch. The lips should be sewn with the white roll of lip and vermillion.