• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1985

The aerial parts, stem diameter, stem length, Petiole length, leaf length and leaf width were investigated to estimate coefficient of variability in ginseng at 2 to 4 years grown under the conventional and improved shadings. C.V values of characters such as stem length, petiole length, leaf length and leaf width were decreased with increasing the plant age, while that of steam diameter was increased. C.V. values of aerial part characters were higher in conventional shading than in improved shading, and the variance of c.v. was not significant when above 20 plants were investigated.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.545-552
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 갈대군락의 영양염 물질수지 모델 구축을 위한 기초연구로서, 갈대군락 Mesocosm 실험을 통해 수층-갈대(뿌리, 잎, 줄기)-토양의 영양염(DIN, DIP) 농도의 춘계 및 하계 모니터링 결과를 이용하여 물질수지를 산정하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 갈대의 생체량은 춘계에는 지하경이 지상경에 비해 약 6.3~9.7 % 높으며, 하계에는 지상경이 지하경에 비해 약 19.2~21.2 % 높게 나타났으며, 갈대의 성장속도는 Mesocosm Tank A가 Mesocosm Tank D에 비해 지상경과 지하경 모두 2~3배 정도 빠르게 나타났다. 2) Mesocosm Tank에서의 갈대의 영양염(DIN, DIP) 농도는 춘계와 하계 모두 각각 2~3 %로 차이가 적었다. 3) Mesocosm Tank별 생체량의 차이는 최대 23 %로 나타나지만, 갈대가 흡수하는 영양염의 농도는 최대 3 % 정도로 차이가 적었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2004

A total of 62 isolates of Bipolaris cactivora causing cactus stem rots were isolated from major cactus-growing areas in Korea. Colony morphology of the isolates on potato-dextrose agar was differentiated into aerial (CA) and non-aerial mycelial types (CB). CA had profound aerial mycelium with grayish brown (CA-l), light brownish (CA-2), and brownish (CA-3) pigmentations; respectively, while CB had dark brownish pigmentations. CA had conidia of less dark pigmentation and acute terminal end. CB had darker and more round-end conidia. Twenty-eight amplified fragments were produced by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a set of 2 random primers. The sizes of amplified DNA fragments ranged approximately from 0.1 to 2.3 kb. The isolates were classified into 2 major genomic DNA random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) groups at the genomic similarity of 97.7％ and 95.1％, respectively. Cluster analysis of genetic similarity among the isolates generated a dendrogram that clearly separated all isolates into SA or SB. This result suggests that there may be two morphotypes of B. cactivora in Korea that may differ in their genetic constitutes.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.324-329
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• 2008

Aldose reductase (AR), the key enzyme in the polyol pathway, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as cataract formation. AR inhibitors (ARI) can prevent or reverse early abnormalities in diabetic complications. However, none of ARI has achieved worldwide use because of limited efficacy or undesirable side effects. Therefore, evaluating natural sources for ARI potential may lead to the development of safer and more effective agents against diabetic complications. 49 Vietnam herbal medicines have been investigated with an in vitro evaluation system using aldose reductase inhibitory activities. Of these, 7 herbal medicines, Artemisia annua (leaf, stem), Duranta repens (leaf, stem), Excoecaria cochinchinensis (aerial part), Flueggea virosa (leaf, stem), Khaya senegalensis (leaf), Polygonum orientale (aerial part), Toxicodendron succedanea (leaf, stem) exhibited a significant inhibitory activity against aldose reductase. Particularly, Duranta repens (leaf, stem) and Toxicodendron succedanea (leaf, stem) showed two times more potent inhibitory activity than the positive control, 3.3-tetramethyleneglutaric acid (TMG).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2003

The methanol extracts of the aerial parts, leaves and stem of Hypericum hookerianum were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on selected normal and cancer cell lines and anti tumor activity using DLA cells. Cell viability and morphological changes were assessed. Among the three extracts tested, the stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum showed potent cytotoxicity against HEp-2 and RD cell lines. The $CTC_{50}$(concentration required to reduce viability by 50%) of this extract was found to be $2.02\;{\mu}g/ml$ for RD cell line, $10.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ for HEp-2 cell line and $100.06\;{\mu}g/ml$ for Vero cell line. In the clonogenic assay, no colony formation was observed up to a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. In the short term cytotoxicity studies using DLA cells, 50% viability was observed in the concentration range of $50-100\;{\mu}g/ml$ for aerial parts, $100-200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for stem and more than $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for leaf extracts of Hypericum hookerianum. In the long-term activity using HEp-2 cell line, no colony formation was observed over a concentration of 200 mg/ml for the stem extract. Hypericum hookerianum stem extract was fractionated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol soluble fractions. The petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions showed higher cytotoxic activity against HEp-2 cell line when compared to the other two fractions. The methanol stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum has the potential for further investigation in animal models to determine its anti-tumor activity and to identify its active principles.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.120-123
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• 2004

본 연구는 망실 하우스 내에서 봄감자 재배 시. brushing 처리가 감자의 도장 방지와 생육과 수량 및 체내 전분함량에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 지상부의 생육은 생육 후반기로 갈수록, brushing 처리시간이 길수록 감소하였다. 측지 수도 처리시간이 길수록 감소하는 경향이었다. 경장과 경경은 5월 6일에는 처리간에 비슷하였으나 생육 후반기로 갈수록 모든 처리에서 증가하였는데 평균적으로 30∼36mg/100 $\textrm{cm}^2$였다. 지상부ㆍ지하부의 생체중과 건물중은 처리시간이 긴 것이 무거웠고, 전분 함량은 무처리에 비해 brushing 처리한 것이, 그리고 처리시간이 긴 것이 높았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.180-186
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• 1986

Photosynthesis and respiration of leaf and root of field grown Panax ginseng were investigated according to aerial part sensecence. No apparent photosynthesis activity was detected in senescenced leaf(less than 0.7mg total chlorophyll/g FW) and leaf dark respiration was consistent relation with senescence. Leaf respiratory Q$_{10}$ consistently increased with senscence. Root respiration and Q$_{10}$ tended to decrease with aerial part senescence only in the range of optimum temperature of leaf growth. Apparent photosynthesis or respiration of leaf was negatively or positively correlated, respectively with the increase of air temperature. Root respiration with temperature was well accordance with Arrhenius plot which was not consistent with aerial part senescence. Accelerated senescence may be recommendable for better root yield unless any reserve in stem or leaves contributes to root through translocation.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.244-246
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• 2002

A destructive stem rot of tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum) occurred sporadically some farmers' fields in Jinju City, Gyeongnam province in Korea. The infected plants also showed stem, crown rot or whole plant blight. White mycelium spread over stems of infected plants and formed sclerotia on the old lesions nearby soil surface. The fungus showed maximum mycelial growth around $30^{\circ}C$. The fungus formed white colony on PDA, usually with many narrow mycelial strands in the aerial mycelium and the width were $4.0{\sim}9.8{\mu}m$. The typical clamp connections were formed on the mycelium. Numerous sclerotia was formed on PDA at $30^{\circ}C$. The shape of sclerotia was globoid and $1.0{\sim}3.0$ mm in size. The fungus was isolated repeatedly from the infected tissues and the pathogenicity was confirmed to tomato and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of tomato caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.103-105
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• 2004

A destructive stem rot of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Akihime) sporadically occurred in farmers' fields in Daegok-myon, Jinju city, Gyeongnam province in Korea. The infected plants showed stem and crown rot, with occasional blighting of the whole plant. White mycelia appeared on stems of infected clones and sclerotia formed on the old lesions near soil surface. The fungus formed white colony on PDA and showed maximum mycelial growth and sclerotial formation at $30^{\circ}C$. The fungus usually have many narrow hyphal strands, 2.6-10.0 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in width, in the aerial mycelium. Typical clamp connections were formed on the mycelium. Sclerotia were spherical and 1.0-2.4 mm in size. The fungus was repeatedly isolated from infected tissues and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. Its patho-genicity was confirmed when inoculated onto straw-berry. This is the first report on the stem rot of strawberry caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2007

약용식물인 천궁(Cnidium officinale Makino)의 미활용 부위의 생리활성 탐색을 위한 기초연구로서, 천궁 지상부(잎과 줄기)를 ethyl acetate, methanol, 물의 3가지 용매로 추출한 후, paper disc method와 microtiter broth dilution method를 이용하여 항균활성을 측정하였다. 천궁 지상부 ethyl acetate 추출물과 methanol 추출물은 비교적 높은 항균활성을 보였으며, Gram 양성균, Gram 음성균, 그리고 효모 등에 대해 broad한 항균범위를 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 특히 ethyl acetate 추출물은 0.4 mg/disc의 농도에서 Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes등의 식중독균에 대해 각각 9.7 mm, 9.2 mm, 10.0 mm의 억제환을 보였다. Saccharomyces cerevisiae에 대한 항진균활성은 물 추출물과 유기용매 추출물에서 확인되었다. 그러나 물 추출물의 항균 및 항진균 활성은 유기용매 추출물에 비해 현저히 낮아 비교적 높은 농도에서 항균효과가 나타났다. 천궁 지상부 ethyl acetate 추출물의 항균활성은 사용 농도와 균의 종류에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났으며, 0.5 mg/mL의 농도에서 Staphylococcus aureus와 Pseudomonas aerogenes의 생육은 완전히 저해되었으나, 0.25 mg/mL 이하의 농도에서는 생육억제효과가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Enterobacter cloacae는 0.5 mg/mL의 추출물 처리에 의해 생육이 2 log cycle정도 억제된 반면, Escherichia cole는 비교적 저항성이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 천궁의 ethyl acetate 추출물은 열에 매우 안정하여 $100^{\circ}C$ 30분 또는 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분간의 열처리(autoclave)에 의해서 항균활성이 감소되지않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 약용으로 이용되고 있는 천궁의 근경 이외의 미활용자원인 잎과 줄기 등의 지상부위를 이용한 천연 항균소재 개발이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.