• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2009

Purpose : To evaluate the number and severity of adverse reactions after Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccination in children using different vaccines (inactivated vaccine or live attenuated vaccine) and to determine the ability and safety of the vaccines to provide effective immunization for JE. Methods : From August 2006 to February 2007, we conducted a prospective cohort study of the adverse reactions associated with JE immunization in Korea. We investigated common adverse reactions during the 4 days following immunization using telephone collaborations with four public health centers and nine pediatric clinics. Results : The mean age of children receiving the inactivated vaccines and live attenuated vaccines, respectively, were 1.4 y (range: 1 to 8.5) and 1.7 y (range: 1 to 8.3). The number of children that received the inactivated vaccines was 425 (64.6%). A total of 233 (35.4%) received the live attenuated vaccines. Fourteen children (3.3%) had more than one localized adverse event with the inactivated vaccine, and six (2.6%) had more than one event with the live attenuated vaccine (P =0.607). Systemic adverse reactions occurred in 5.2% vs. 8.2%, respectively, of these groups (P =0.131). Fever was more common in the live attenuated vaccine group than in the inactivated vaccine group on the day of vaccination (P =0.026). Conclusions : The rate of adverse events in our study was even lower than that previously reported. No significant difference in outcomes between inactivated vaccine and live attenuated vaccine was found in JE-immunized children. Fever was more common in the live attenuated vaccine group than in the inactivated vaccine group on the day of vaccination.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1131-1134
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• 2003

The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-protein, low-carbohydrate diet developed in the 1920s for the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures. Despite advances in both the pharmacotherapy and the surgery of epilepsy, many children continue to have difficult-to-control seizures. In this situation, a ketogenic diet should be considered as an alternative therapy. However, less attention has been paid to associated adverse events in the ketogenic diet. We report a case of infantile spasm associated with acute renal failure, lipoid pneumonitis and kwashiorkor after ketogenic diet. A better understanding of this adverse event profile will allow the pediatric neurologist to have a true informed consent discussion with the care giver when considering initiation of the ketogenic diet.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.154-165
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate a patient safety application in the prevention of adverse event among surgical patients. Seventy three surgical patients with thirty six of them using the patient safety application and the rest (N=37) were provided educational booklet. Further, the instrument would measure patients' right to know, knowledge about patient safety, and attitude toward patient safety. Methods: The patient safety application was developed by the ADDIE along with input from experts, patients and an extensive literature review. Data were collected from 7 September through 20 October 2015. Results: The experimental group had significantly higher scores in patients' right to know (t=2.01, p=.024), knowledge on patient safety (t=3.80, p<.001) and attitude toward patient safety (t=2.74, p=.004) than those of the control group. Conclusion: The patient safety application developed using Smartphone could be an effective tool enhancing patient involvement in preventing adverse events that may occur to patients. Further studies are recommended with diverse subjects with varying medical conditions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2002

The present study was performed to observe the role of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (H-7, staurosporine) and daunorubicin in the cell death process of MCF7 cells; and examined whether or not the type of induced cell death was apoptosis. The usefulness of the combined therapy of PKC inhibitors and daunorubicin to improve the adverse effect of daunorubicin was also investigated. Cell death was induced by treatment with PKC inhibitors or daunorubicin. Characteristic morphologic features of cell shrinkage, chromatic condensation, and cytoplasmic vacuolization were observed. These treatments also stimulated the cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), an early event in apoptosis. With slight differences in the percentage of apoptosis-induced cells, staurosporine, H-7 and daunorubicin effectively induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, combined treatment of PKC inhibitors and daunorubicin significantly drove the cells into an apoptotic state. Hence, our results revealed the possible therapeutic value of combined therapy for the prevention of drug resistance and adverse side effects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

Objectives : This research aimed to verify the validities of contraindicated acupoints in acupuncture treatment in Zhenjiudacheng. Methods : We investigated contraindicated acupoints when performing needling in Zhenjiudacheng, then verified them in today's medical knowledge and clinical studies. Results : In Zhenjiudacheng, 39 acupoints - LU2, LI4, LI13, LI14, LI16, ST1, ST9, ST12, ST17, ST25, ST30, ST42, SP6, SP11, SI18, BL8, BL9, BL56, KI11, TE7, TE8, TE19, TE20, GB3, GB18, GB21, GV10, GV11, GV17, GV22, GV24, CV1, CV4, CV5, CV8, CV9, CV15, CV17 and EX-HN11 - were described to need a careful approach in acupuncture treatment and 21 acupoints among them had contraindications. Most of the contraindications can be explained based on anatomical knowledge and results of clinical studies, and acupuncture treatment at the 39 contraindicated acupoints can induce injury of tissues or organs near the acupoints. Conclusions : The contraindicated acupoints in acupuncture treatment in Zhenjiudacheng seem to have been classified based on the adverse events experienced by doctors at that time. Therefore careful acupuncture treatment at these acupoints is needed to avoid injury to tissue or organs.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2021

Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor used extensively to treat Alzheimer disease. The increased cholinergic activity is associated with adverse effects, therefore gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, are common. Hypokalemia is a rare adverse event that occurs in less than 1% of donepezil-treated patients. Although hypokalemia of mild and moderate grade does not present serious signs and symptoms, severe hypokalemia often results in prolonged hospitalization and mortality. Herein, we report a case of hypokalemia developed after the initiation of donepezil therapy for cognitive impairment.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of combination treatment of Traditional Korean medicine (TKM) and chemotherapy on a ovarian cancer with lung metastasis patient. Methods: One ovarian cancer with lung metastasis patient was treated by TKM in conjunction with Carboplatin/paclitaxel since Feb. 2020. Repeat cycle every 3 weeks for 6 times. The patient has been treated with TKM at the same time. To evaluate the patient, symptoms were measured by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and tumor size was measured by scanning with Computed Tomography (CT). Blood tests including cancer biomarker were conducted during treatment. Adverse events were evaluated by the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (NCI-CTCAE), version 5.0. Results: After treatment with Carboplatin/paclitaxel and TKM during 2 months, the size of the ovarian cancer was decreased(Partial Response, PR), size and malignant pleural effusion at right lung disappeared. And no evidence of newly developed metastatic lesions. After 2 months, the tumor response was stable disease while improving the performance and other symptoms. Conclusions: This case provides us conjunctive treatment with Conventional and Eastern medicine may have substantial benefit for patients with end-stage ovarian cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.549-552
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• 2022

최근 소셜미디어 리뷰 데이터를 활용한 약물 이상 반응 탐지 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있지만, 약물을 복용하기 전 증상과 약물 이상 반응을 구분하지 못한다는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 약물 이상 반응 탐지에서 약물 복용 전의 증상을 구분할 수 있는 Filtering Clinical BERT(FC-BERT) 모델을 제안하였다. FC-BERT 는 약물 복용 전 증상과 다른 약물에 대한 부작용 표현을 제거하기 위해 약물명이 나오기 전 모든 문장을 제거하는 필터링과 약물-부작용 쌍을 추출하는 모델을 사용했다. 성능 평가 실험을 위해 문장에 대한 ADE(Adverse Drug Event) 여부가 들어있는 ADE Corpus V2 데이터를 활용하였고 SPARK NLP 라이브러리에서 제공하는 ADE Pipeline 모델과 비교하여 성능 평가를 실시하였다. 실험 결과 필터링을 활용한 FC-BERT 모델이 기존 모델보다 정확도, 평균 정밀도, 평균 재현율, 평균 F1-score 가 모두 높은 결과를 보여주었다. 본 논문에서 제시한 모델은 기존 연구의 한계점을 보완하여 보다 정확한 약물 부작용 시그널을 탐지하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.74-94
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• 2024

Objectives : This study was conducted to analyze the trends of international clinical research on acupuncture treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Methods : A total of 14 clinical researches were selected by using PubMed, an international online database, to search for clinical researches written in English and Chinese. Selected papers were analyzed according to study characteristics, study subjects, acupuncture treatment methods, treatment results, evaluation index, safety, and adverse event reports. Results : Acupuncture was mostly used in combination with other treatment methods. The most commonly used acupuncture point was the 'Xiaguan(ST7)', and 11 acupuncture points belonging to the 'Stomach meridian' were used. In most researches, selection of local points and distant points were taken simultaneously, with some researches taking acupuncture points according to trigeminal nerve branch. There were significant improvements in most outcome measures after treatment compared to pre-treatment, and most adverse events disappeared without treatment or decreased or disappeared after grand therapy. Conclusion : According to this study, acupuncture treatment for trigeminal neuralgia was performed in various ways and was found to be effective and safe. However, it is necessary to confirm more meaningful results by supplementing the limitations of existing researches in the future.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2023

Compared to endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), colonoscopic endoscopic submucosal dissection (C-ESD) has the advantages of higher en bloc resection rates and lower recurrence rates of colorectal neoplasms. Therefore, C-ESD is considered an effective treatment method for laterally spread tumors and early colorectal cancer. However, C-ESD is technically more difficult and requires a longer procedure time than EMR. In addition to therapeutic efficacy and procedural difficulty, safety concerns should always be considered when performing C-ESD in clinical practice. Bleeding and perforation are the main adverse events associated with C-ESD and can occur during C-ESD or after the completion of the procedure. Most bleeding associated with C-ESD can be managed endoscopically, even if it occurs during or after the procedure. More recently, most perforations identified during C-ESD can also be managed endoscopically, unless the mural defect is too large to be sutured with endoscopic devices or the patient is hemodynamically unstable. Delayed perforations are quite rare, but they require surgical treatment more frequently than endoscopically identified intraprocedural perforations or radiologically identified immediate postprocedural perforations. Post-ESD coagulation syndrome is a relatively underestimated adverse event, which can mimic localized peritonitis from perforation. Here, we classify and characterize the complications associated with C-ESD and recommend management options for them.