• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 2014

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) have improved substantially the prognosis of many of these diseases, if diagnosed early enough before irreversible damage occurs. Diseases of inborn errors of metabolism are so diverse over several hundred disease up to now and may be several thousand in near future, and these diversities of IEMs make clinicians embarassed. The signs of neurological dysfunctions of many IEMs manifesting in the neonatal period is very nonspecific, such as poor feeding, poor sucking, apnea or tachypnea, vomiting, hypertonia, hypotonia, seizure, letharginess, consciousness change and coma. But after neonatal period, the signs of neurological deficits become specific and localized. The results of routine basal laboratory tests such as metabolic acidosis, hyperammonemia, lactic acidemia, ketonemia or hyperuricemia can give very important clinical clues for the diagnosis of IEMs. Even no abnormal findings on routine laboratory test could be very important clue for NKH, sulfite oxidase deficiency and peroxisomal disorders. These various clinical manifestations of these diverse diseases can be categorized and summarized. This makes it essential that the practicing clinicians be familiar with the clinical presentations and symptomatic and systematic approaches of these disorders. Characteristic clinical presentations, methods of symptomatic and systematic approach and typing of various disorders is discussed in this review.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 2013

Recently, importance of pedestrian road network is getting emphasized as it is possible to provide mobile device users with both route guidance services and surrounding spatial information. However, it costs a tremendous amount of budget for generating and renovating pedestrian road network nationally, which hinder further advances of these services. Hence, algorithms extracting pedestrian road network automatically based on raster data are needed. On the other hand, road dataset generated from raster data usually has unnecessary vertices which lead to maintenance disutility such as excessive turns and increase in data memory. Therefore, this study proposed a method of selecting a proper threshold automatically for separate road entity using not only Douglas-Peucker algorithm but also road attribute data of digital map in order to remove redundant vertices, which maximizes line simplification efficiency and minimizes distortion of shape of roads simultaneously. As a result of the test, proposed method was suitable for automatic line simplification in terms of reduction ratio of vertices and accuracy of position.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2004

With technological advances in automatic hematology analyzers, primary and screening differential counts of white blood cells (WBC) are done with automatic hematology analyzers. They are using different measurement and analysis principles, so differences in WBC differentials and WBC morphology flag exist. This study was carried out to analyze WBC differential counts and WBC morphology flags comparing them with the manual method. Patient EDTA samples in Vacutainer requested for WBC differentials were analyzed with XE-2100. And those samples with suspect flags messages index over 100 were selected and were analyzed with ADVIA-120. Peripheral blood smear film was subsequently made. Three investigators counted 200 cells each (600 cells) in 111 Wright-Giemsa stained blood films. Between two automatic hematology analyzers, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and monocyte showed good correlations, but basophil had moderate correlation. Among automatic hematology analyzers and manual count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and eosinophil had good correlations, but monocyte had moderate correlation. XE-2100 had higher monocyte, which was due to atypical lymphocyte and myeloblast. LUC in ADVIA-120 was not due to monocyte in XE-2100. Morphology flagging rates were 146.9% in XE-2100 and was 93.2% in ADVIA-120. Positive predictive values of morphology flag were 58.2% in XE-2100 and 54.4% in ADVIA-120. Flags such as atypical lymphocyte, immature granulocyte, and left shift had higher predictive values and those such as N-RBC, platelets clump, and blast had lower ones. Between automatic hematology analyzers, WBC differentials showed good correlations. Predictive values for morphology flags can be variable with changing criteria. Reviewing criteria for WBC differentials and morphology flags should be established in each laboratory with regards to size of laboratory and patients it serves.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.87-99
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• 2013

As Internet advances, websites with simpel HTML pages are changing to complex web application systems with enormous contents and various services. With this trend, it is noted that situations where Web accessibility of the old and the handicapped is inhibited are growing. To solve this problem, The Disability Discrimination Act has been enacted since April 2013. This act triggers massive website reorganization efforts. However, in order for the huge and sophisticated web applications and web sites to ensure a web accessibility, a framework is required to throughout the web site development. Based on thorough review of website development methodologies, web accessibility compliance standards, and various web accessibility issues related to website characteristics, this study proposes a practice oriented "Web Accessibility Compliance Framework". The current study also examines the usefulness and value of this framework by applying it to the internet banking development project of W bank and receiving a certificate for high quality website complying web accessibility standards.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 2014

Changes in the interactions among incident ocean water waves, coastal debris (marine debris), and the back vegetation zone line on a natural sandy beach on the island of Jinu-do in the Nakdong river estuary were investigated. The study involved a cross-sectional field survey of the beach, numerical modeling of incident ocean water waves, field observations of the distribution of coastal debris, and vegetation zone line tracking using GPS. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The ground level of the swash zone (sandy beach) on Jinu-do is rising, and the vegetation zone line, which is the boundary of the coastal sand dunes, shows a tendency to move forward toward the open sea. The vegetation zone line is developing particularly strongly in the offshore direction in areas where the ground level is elevated by more than 1.5 m. (2) The spatial distributions of incident waves differed due to variations in the water depth at the front of the beach, and the wave run-up in the swash zone also displayed complex spatial variations. With a large wave run-up, coastal debris may reach the vegetation zone line, but if the run-up is smaller, coastal debris is more likely to deposit in the form of an independent island on the beach. The deposited coastal debris can then become a factor determining which vegetation zone line advances or retreats. Finally, based on the results of this investigation, a schematic concept of the mechanisms of interaction between the coastal debris and the coastal vegetation zone line due to wave action was derived.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.77-87
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• 2009

Potential risks of communicable disease outbreaks have significantly increased in the era of global society. However, contingency planning of local governments for communicable diseases is not prepared to the proper level in various governmental sectors of many countries. Human being has been remarkable advances in medical science and public health. However, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) still remains as a very dangerous transmissible disease that has great potential to create catastrophic consequences of casualties. The SARS outbreak between November 2002 and July 2003 resulted in 8,096 known infected cases and 774 deaths with a mortality rate of 9.6% worldwide (WHO, 2004). It is regarded as one of the human health disasters. Since about sixty-six percent of total SARS cases in the world were reported in People's Republic of China, Korean tour industry was significantly affected as a neighboring country. The objective of this research is to investigate major factors of Korea entry data sets, and to analyze economic impacts of Korean tour business interruption due to the period of SARS outbreak with tourist cases of four countries: Japan, U.S.A., China, and Taiwan. Results from this research show the seasonal and long-term trends of entry data sets of four countries, and direct and indirect impacts of SARS to Korean tour industry.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2011

Recent advances in techniques and strategies use to detect cancer in its early stages and to treat it effectively has the survival rate of cancer patients and the number of long-term cancer survivors continually increasing. Unfortunately, many cancer survivors are at risk for various late and long-term effects of cancer treatments including the radiotherapy. Long-term cancer survivors can be also seen for a hospice and palliative care because of cancer recurrence and they are at risk of delayed reactions to radiotherapy. So, the understanding and knowledge of radiation reactions is required for the proper medical diagnosis, management, and coordination of the potential reactions that may occur in these care setting. In effort to increase the survival rate in cancer patients and to decrease the adverse effects of cancer treatment, many clinical studies have been and continue to be conducted. The efforts of these studies have thus resulted in the advancement of cancer treatments. Regrettably, the overall interest in how to manage adverse effects of cancer treatment such as radiotherapy appears seemingly low in clinical practice and its advanced studies as a whole are delayed and deficient. It is imperative that the medical community show an enthusiastic interest in the aftercare of cancer patients and cancer survivors in order to create a complementary integrative approach that will eliminate radiotherapy related pain/discomfort or illness in hospice and palliative care settings.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.627-637
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• 2018

Motility and chemotaxis are crucial for disease development in many motile pathogens, including spirochetes. In many bacteria, motility is provided by flagella rotation, which is controlled by a chemotaxis-signal-transduction system. Thus, motility and chemotaxis are inextricably linked. Spirochetes are a unique group of bacteria with distinctive flat-wave morphology and corkscrew-like locomotion. This unusual motility pattern is believed to be important for efficient motility within the dense tissues through which these spirochetes preferentially disseminate in a host. Unlike other externally flagellated bacteria-where flagella are in the ambient environment-the flagella of spirochetes are enclosed by the outer membrane and thus are called periplasmic flagella or endoflagella. Although motilityand chemotaxis-associated genes are well studied in some bacteria, the knowledge of how the spirochete achieves complex swimming and the roles of most of the putative spirochetal chemotaxis proteins are still elusive. Recently, cutting-edge imaging methods and unique genetic manipulations in spirochetes have helped to unravel the mystery of motility and chemotaxis in spirochetes. These contemporary advances in understanding the motility and chemotaxis of spirochetes in a host's persistence and disease process are highlighted in this review.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.235-237
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• 2001

;Dentistry has benefited from tremendous advances in technology with the introduction of new techniques and materials, and patients are aware that esthetic approaches in dentistry can change one's appearance. Increasingly. tooth-colored restorative materials have been used for restoration of posterior teeth. Tooth-colored restoration for posterior teeth can be divided into three categories: 1) the direct techniques that can be made in a single appointment and are an intraoral procedure utilizing composites: 2) the semidirect techniques that require both an intraoral and an extraoral procedure and are luted chairside utilizing composites: and 3) the indirect techniques that require several appointments and the expertise of a dental technician working with either composites or ceramics. But, resin restoration has inherent drawbacks of microleakage. polymerization shrinkage, thermal cycling problems. and wear in stress-bearing areas. On the other hand, Ceramic restorations have many advantages over resin restorations. Ceramic inlays are reported to have less leakage than resin restoration and to fit better. although marginal fidelity depends on technique and is laboratory dependent. Adhesion of luting resin is more reliable and durable to etched ceramic material than to treated resin composite. In view of color matching, periodontal health. resistance to abrasion, ceramic restoration is superior to resin restorationl. Materials which have been used for the fabrication of ceramic restorations are various. Conventional powder slurry ceramics are also available. Castable ceramics are produced by centrifugal casting of heat-treated glass ceramics. and machinable ceramics are feldspathic porcelains or cast glass ceramics which are milled using a CAD/CAM apparatus to produce inlays (for example, Cered. They may also be copy milled using the Celay apparatus. Pressable ceramics are produced from feldspathic porcelain which is supplied in ingot form and heated and moulded under pressure to produce a restoration. Infiltrated ceramics are another class of material which are available for use as ceramic inlays. An example is $In-Ceram^{\circledR}$(Vident. California, USA) which consists of a porous aluminum oxide or spinell core infiltrated with glass and subsequently veneered with feldspathic porcelain. In the 1980s. the development of compatible refractory materials made fabrication easier. and the development of adhesive resin cements greatly improved clinical success rates. This case report presents esthetic ceramic inlays for posterior teeth.teeth.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.227-238
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• 2009

In the recent years, some organic toxic chemicals were used for obtaining high-yield productivity in agriculture. The undegraded pesticides may remain in the agricultural foods through atmosphere, water, and soil and cause public health problems to environmental resources and human beings even at very low concentrations. Small amounts of pesticides can affect a central nervous system, resulting in immunogenic diseases, infertility problems, respiratory diseases and born marrow diseases, which can lead even to death. Monitoring of the environmental pesticide is one of the important issues for the human well-being. Several kinds of biosensors have been successfully applied to the detection of agrichemical toxicity. Also, few platforms for biocide detection have been definitely developed for the degradation and reaction of pesticides. Biochip and electrochemistry experiments involve immobilizing a receptor molecule on a solid substrate surface, and monitoring its interaction with an analyze in a sample solution. Furthermore, nanotechnology can be applied to make high-throughput analyses that are smaller, faster and sensitive than conventional assays. Some nanomaterials or nanofabricated surfaces can be coupled to biomolecules and used in antibody-based assays and enzymatic methods for pesticide residues. The operation procedure has become more convenient as it does not require labeling procedure. In this paper, we review the recent advances in agrichemical defection research and also describe the label-free biosensor for pesticides using various useful detection methods.