• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 1976

Enforcing germination to the premature seed green vernalization under constant vitalux-A illumination and exposing to higher room temperature during ripening stage, were successively applied during wheat and barley raising for the sake of the accelerating generation advancement in greenhouse. By application of this method, the winter habit variety 'Buheung' required only 77 days for 1 generation and could raise 4.5 generations during one year. one year.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Distraction osteogenesis is considered to take favorable effect on the TMJ and be beneficial to prevent the relapse after the mandibular advancement of Class II malocclusion patient. This is the report with literature review on the mandibular advancement in the patients showing preoperative condylar resorption and who need larger amount of advancement. Patients and method: Distraction osteogenesis using intraoral device was performed for three mandibular hypoplasia patients (one male and two females). All patients were adult over 18 years old. The patients showed condylar bony resorption preoperatively. The distraction was performed intraorally with modified SSRO. After 7 days of latency period, activation was performed at the rate of 1.0 mm/day with twice turn. The devices were removed after 4-8 month consolidation period. Results: Total advancement of mandible was average 13 mm. One patient showed openbite immediately after removal of distraction device. It took long time to guide the openbite with elastics. The comparison between cephalometries immediately after device removal and postoperative six month revealed average 3.4 mm relapse. This means that mandibular advancement with distraction osteogenesis needs overcorrection and elastic rehabilitation even after enough consolidation periods. Conclusion: Larger amount of mandibular advancement could be achieved with distraction osteogenesis in severe mandibular hypoplasia with condylar resorption. However, some relapse was found during the follow-up period and the over correction is considered to be needed. The effect of distraction osteogenesis seems to be investigated with long-term follow-up.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Even in a small levator resection for blepharoptosis, 10 ~ 13 mm of $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle and levator aponeurosis is resected. To solve the problem, $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle was detached from the superior tarsal border and conjunctiva, and the muscle with overlying levator aponeurosis was advanced on the upper tarsus as a composite flap. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle - levator aponeurosis complex advancement technique for the correction of blepharoptosis. Methods: Between 2003 and 2008, 107 patients(183 eyes) underwent the advancement procedure of the $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle - levator aponeurosis composite flap for blepharoptosis. The advanced composite flap was fixed 3 mm below the superior tarsal border and 2 ~ 3 mm of distal flap stump was left after trimming up to 5 mm. The results of the operations were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the patients was 35.2 years and 83 patients(145 eyes) were followed up for a mean of 16.7 months. 128 eyes (88.3%) showed a normal level of upper eyelid margin (MRD1 4.1 ~ 5.0 mm) or less than 1 mm ptosis (MRD1 3.1 ~ 4.0 mm). 10 eyes(6.9%) showed 1 ~ 2 mm ptosis (MRD1 2.1 ~ 3.0 mm). 7 eyes(4.8%) showed more than 2 mm ptosis which required secondary correction. About 80% of the 183 eyes needed no trimming of the flap stump with 5 ~ 6 mm of composite flap advancement and 20% had about 3 mm of the flap stump trimmed with 8 ~ 9 mm of composite flap advancement(shortening of the levator complex). Conclusion: $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle - levator aponeurosis complex advancement technique offers several advantages: There is no, or minimal, sacrifice of the normally functioning $M{\ddot{u}}ller^{\prime}s$ muscle; it is more physiological; it is reproducible and it is predictable - with gratifying results for blepharoptosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.198-202
• /
• 2012

Background : Maxillary hypoplasia refers to a deficiency in the growth of the maxilla commonly seen in patients with a repaired cleft palate. Those who develop maxillary hypoplasia can be offered a repositioning of the maxilla to a functional and esthetic position. Velopharyngeal dysfunction is one of the important problems affecting speech after maxillary advancement surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of maxillary advancement on repaired cleft palate patients without preoperative deterioration in speech compared with non-cleft palate patients. Methods : Eighteen patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy between 2005 and 2011. One patient was excluded due to preoperative deterioration in speech. Eight repaired cleft palate patients belonged to group A, and 9 non-cleft palate patients belonged to group B. Speech assessments were performed preoperatively and postoperatively by using a speech screening protocol that consisted of a list of single words designed by Ok-Ran Jung. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine if there were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative outcomes in each group A and B. And Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if there were significant differences in the change of score between groups A and B. Results : No patients had any noticeable change in speech production on perceptual assessment after maxillary advancement in our study. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups A and B. Conclusions : Repaired cleft palate patients without preoperative velopharyngeal dysfunction would not have greater risk of deterioration of velopharyngeal function after maxillary advancement compared to non-cleft palate patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.714-719
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Recurrent ischial pressure sore is troublesome for adequate soft tissue coverage, because usually its pocket has a very large deep space and adjacent donor tissue have been scarred in the previous surgery. However, the conventional reconstructive methods are very difficult to overcome them. Modified gluteus maximus myocutaneous V - Y advancement flap from buttock can be successfully used in these circumstances. Methods: From February 2007 to October 2008, modified gluteus maximus myocutaneous V - Y advancement flaps were perfomed in 10 paraplegic patients with recurrent ischial pressure sore. The myocutaneous flap based on the inferior gluteal artery was designed in V - shaped pattern toward the superolateral aspect of buttock and was elevated from adjacent tissue. Furthermore, when additional muscular bulk was required to obliterate dead space, the flap dissection was extended to the inferolateral aspect which can included the adequate amount of the gluteal muscle. After the advanced flap was located in sore pocket, donor defect was repaired primarily. Results: The patients' mean age was 46.9 and the average follow - up period was 12.4 months. The immediate postoperative course was uneventful. But, two patients were treated through readvancement of previous flap due to wound dehiscence or recurrence after 6 months. The long - term results were satisfied in proper soft tissue bulk and low recurrence rate. Conclusions: The modified gluteus maximus myocutaneous V - Y advancement flap may be a reliable method in reconstruction of recurrent ischial pressure sore, which were surrounded by scarred tissue because of its repetitive surgeries and were required to provide sufficient volume of soft tissue to fill the large pocket.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.12 no.1 s.28
• /
• pp.22-36
• /
• 2006

This study examines the job satisfaction of cooks of school feeding. Sampling was taken among school feeding cooks except for those of Kangwon Province and Cheju Province. The factors affecting on the job satisfaction was investigated to find ways to raise the job satisfaction of cooks of school feeding. Four factors were extracted in all. It is found that these four factors have affected the job satisfaction of cooks of school feeding in order of working satisfaction factor(.493), co-worker communication factor(.463), job environment factor(.185), and advancement factor(.146). Accordingly, more opportunities for career advancement should be offered to raise the job satisfaction among them, and the establishment of better work environment and the optimum staff are urgently needed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.10
• /
• pp.3460-3463
• /
• 2021

Present computing power and enhanced technology is progressing at a dramatic rate. These systems can unravel complex issues, assess and control processes, learn, and-in many cases-fully automate production. There is no doubt that technological advancement is improving many aspects of life, changing the landscape of virtually all industries and enhancing production beyond what was thought possible. However, the human is still a part of these systems. Consequently, as the advancement of systems transpires, the role of humans within those systems will unavoidably continue to adapt as well. Due to the human tendency for error, this technological advancement should compel a persistent emphasis on human error reduction as part of maximizing system efficiency and safety-especially in the context of the nuclear industry. Within this context, as new systems are designed and the role of the human is transformed, human error should be targeted for a significant decrease relative to predecessor systems and an equivalent increase in system stability and safety. This article contends that optimizing the roles of humans and machines in the design and implementation of new types of automation in nuclear facility systems should involve human error reduction without ignoring the essential importance of human interaction within those systems.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2015.07a
• /
• pp.407-408
• /
• 2015

The existing (q)Z-source PWM AC-AC converters have limited voltage gain because of the equivalent series resistance in the Z-source inductor. In order to obtain higher voltage gain than (q)Z-source AC-AC converters, a coupled inductor (or transformer) based Z-source AC-AC converter is proposed in this paper. By increasing turns ratio of the coupled inductor more than 1, the proposed converter can obtain higher output voltage than (q)Z-source converters with the same duty ratio. A 120 W prototype AC-AC converter is built and tested to verify performances of the proposed converter.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2015.11a
• /
• pp.101-102
• /
• 2015

이차전지의 수명 평가는 크게 Cycle life test 와 Calendar life test로 나뉘어져서 평가 되고 있다. Cycle life test로 수명 검증을 위해서는 일반적으로 3000 사이클 이상 테스트를 진행 하여야 하지만 이 방법은 시간이 장기화 되어 신뢰성 검증 및 새로운 부품 적용에 한계가 따른다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 고온 챔버 및 사이클 시험기를 사용하여 빠른 시간 내에 평가를 할 수 있는 가속시험법을 적용하여 수명을 평가 한 연구결과를 발표하고자 한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.26-29
• /
• 2023

Cryptotia is a rare congenital auricular deformity among Caucasians but more common in Asians. Various operative techniques have been described, such as skin graft, V-Y plasty, Z plasty, and islands skin flap. Among those techniques, V-Y plasty has many advantages and is indicated for severe cases. However, several problems remain when this method is adopted, such as conspicuous scars and lowered hairline. To overcome these problems, the authors have developed a new technique, multiple V-Y advancement modification, which stitches the skin flaps together to a tight, discrete central focal point. This technique has the advantage of hiding scars behind the earlobe, providing enough skin for the deformed areas, minimizing the condition of the hairline being lowered and auriculocephalic sulcus depth.