• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.954-957
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• 2012

Recent high profile attacks have brought the attention of governments, corporations, and the general public towards the dangers posed by Advanced Persistent Threats. This paper provides an analysis of the attack vectors employed by these actors by studying several recent attacks. We present recommendations on how to best defend against these threats by better classification of critical information infrastructure and assets, people protection, penetration tests, access control, security monitoring, and patch management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.759-761
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• 2016

Recent changes in the information security environment have led to persistent attacks on intelligent assets such as cyber security breaches, leakage of confidential information, and global security threats. Since existing information security systems are not adequate for Advanced Persistent Threat; APT attacks, bypassing attacks, and attacks on encryption packets, therefore, continuous monitoring is required to detect and protect against such attacks. Accordingly, this paper suggests an operation plan for managing an information security system to block the attack routes of advanced persistent threats. This is achieved with identifying the valuable assets for prevention control by establishing information control policies through analyzing the vulnerability and risks to remove potential hazard, as well as constructing detection control through controlling access to servers and conducting surveillance on encrypted communication, and enabling intelligent violation of response by having corrective control through packet tagging, platform security, system backups, and recovery.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.37-42
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• 2015

Due to the advance of ICT, a variety of attacks have been developing and active. Recently, APT attacks using malicious codes have frequently occurred. Advanced Persistent Threat means that a hacker makes different security threats to attack a certain network of a company or an organization. Exploiting malicious codes or weaknesses, the hacker occupies an insider's PC of the company or the organization and accesses a server or a database through the PC to collect secrets or to destroy them. The paper suggested a countermeasure to cope with APT attacks through an APT attack process. It sought a countermeasure to delay the time to attack taken by the hacker and suggested the countermeasure able to detect and remove APT attacks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2610-2628
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• 2019

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are constant attacks of specific targets by hackers using intelligent methods. All current internal infrastructures are constantly subject to APT attacks created by external and unknown malware. Therefore, information security officers require a framework that can assess whether information security systems are capable of detecting and blocking APT attacks. Furthermore, an on-line evaluation of information security systems is required to cope with various malicious code attacks. A regular evaluation of the information security system is thus essential. In this paper, we propose a dynamic updated evaluation framework to improve the detection rate of internal information systems for malware that is unknown to most (over 60 %) existing static information security system evaluation methodologies using non-updated unknown malware.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.39-45
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• 2020

Despite the increasing interest in cyber security in recent years, the emergence of new technologies has led to a shortage of professional personnel to efficiently perform the cyber security. Although various methods such as cyber rage are being used to cultivate cyber security experts, there are problems of limitation of virtual training system, scenario-based practice content development and operation, unit content-oriented development, and lack of consideration of learner level. In this paper, we develop a fuzzy rule-based user-customized training scenario automatic generation system for improving user's ability to respond to infringement. The proposed system creates and provides scenarios based on advanced persistent threats according to fuzzy rules. Thus, the proposed system can improve the trainee's ability to respond to the bed through the generated scenario.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

With the development of the Internet, various IT technologies such as IoT, Cloud, etc. have been developed, and various systems have been built in countries and companies. Because these systems generate and share vast amounts of data, they needed a variety of systems that could detect threats to protect the critical data contained in the system, which has been actively studied to date. Typical techniques include anomaly detection and misuse detection, and these techniques detect threats that are known or exhibit behavior different from normal. However, as IT technology advances, so do technologies that threaten systems, and these methods of detection. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks national or companies systems to steal important information and perform attacks such as system down. These threats apply previously unknown malware and attack technologies. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a hybrid intrusion detection system that combines anomaly detection and misuse detection to detect unknown threats. Two detection techniques have been applied to enable the detection of known and unknown threats, and by applying machine learning, more accurate threat detection is possible. In misuse detection, we applied Classification based on Association Rule(CBA) to generate rules for known threats, and in anomaly detection, we used One-Class SVM(OCSVM) to detect unknown threats. Experiments show that unknown threat detection accuracy is about 94%, and we confirm that unknown threats can be detected.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.8
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• pp.357-368
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• 2013

Our society has evolved into a fully connected society in a mixed reality environment enabling various knowledge sharing / management / control / creation due to the expansion of broadband ICT infrastructure, smart devices, cloud services and social media services. Therefore cyber threats have increased with the convenience. The society of the future can cause more complex and subtle problems, if you do not have an effective response to cyber threats, due to fusion of logical space and physical space, organic connection of the smart object and the universalization of fully connected society. In this paper, we propose the strategy to build knowledge-base as the basis to actively respond to new cyber threats caused by future various environmental changes and the universalization of fully connected society.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Small and medium-sized companies lack countermeasures to secure the safety of a information system. In this circumstance, they have difficulties regarding the damage to their images and legal losses, when the information is leaked. This paper examines the information leakage of the system and hacking methods including APT attacks. Especially, APT attack, Advanced Persistent Threats, means that a hacker sneaks into a target and has a latency period of time and skims all the information related to the target, and acts in the backstage and neutralize the security services without leaving traces. Because he attacks the target covering up his traces not to reveal them, the victim remains unnoticed, which increases the damage. This study examines attack methods and the process of them and seeks a countermeasure.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.2067-2072
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• 2016

Recently, due to the development of attack techniques that can circumvent existing information protection systems, continuous threats in a form unrecognized by the user have threatened information assets. Therefore, it is necessary to support the prompt responses to anticipated attempts of APT attacks, bypass access attacks, and encryption packet attacks, which the existing systems have difficulty defending against through a single response, and to continuously monitor information protection systems with a defense strategy based on Indicators of Attack (IOA). In this paper, I suggest a centralized intelligent information protection system to support the intelligent response to a violation by discerning important assets through prevention control in a performance impact assessment about information properties in order to block the attack routes of APT; establishing information control policies through weakness/risk analyses in order to remove the risks in advance; establishing detection control by restricting interior/exterior bypass networks to server access and monitoring encrypted communications; and lastly, performing related corrective control through backup/restoration.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2015

This thesis proposes how data security has changed since the emergence of 'Big Data' in 2012 and the type of Integrated Security Management System that needs to be built against security threats, based on an analysis of Big Data. Much research has been conducted in Big Data. I need to think about what an Integrated Security Management System requires in order to safeguard against security threats such as APT. I would like to draw a comparison between the current Integrated Security Management System and one that is based on Big Data, including its limitations and improvements, so that I can suggest a much improved version of Integrated Security Management System.