• Hip & pelvis
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2022

Purpose: Mortality rates following hip fracture surgery have been well-studied. This study was conducted to examine mortality rates in asymptomatic patients presenting for treatment of acute hip fractures with concurrent positive COVID-19(+) tests compared to those with negative COVID-19(-) tests. Materials and Methods: A total of 149 consecutive patients undergoing hip fracture surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic at two academic medical centers were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups for comparative analysis: one group included asymptomatic patients with COVID-19+ tests versus COVID-19- tests. The primary outcome was mortality at 30-days and 90-days. Results: COVID-19+ patients had a higher mortality rate than COVID-19- patients at 30-days (26.7% vs 6.0%, P=0.005) and 90-days (41.7% vs 17.2%, P=0.046) and trended towards an increased length of hospital stay (10.1±6.2 vs 6.8±3.8 days, P=0.06). COVID-19+ patients had more pre-existing respiratory disease (46.7% vs 11.2%, P=0.0002). Results of a Cox regression analysis showed an increased risk of mortality at 30-days and 90-days from COVID-19+ status alone without an increased risk of death in patients with pre-existing chronic respiratory disease. Conclusion: Factors including time to surgery, age, preexisting comorbidities, and postoperative ambulatory status have been proven to affect mortality and complications in hip fracture patients; however, a positive COVID-19 test result adds another variable to this process. Implementation of protocols that will promote prompt orthogeriatric assessments, expedite patient transfer, limit operating room traffic, and optimize anesthesia time can preserve the standard of care in this unique patient population.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.163-178
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• 2023

Individuals have been under more stress since the COVID-19 pandemic began than they were before the pandemic. While social support is a known stress buffer among the general population, its impact on stress among vulnerable populations, such as immigrants and those living in rural areas, has received little attention in the context of South Korea. Accordingly, we examined the relationship between different types of social support and COVID-19 stress among young adult immigrants based on where they live (rural vs. urban). We conducted a survey of 300 young adult immigrants aged 25-34 years and analyzed the results. The dependent variable was COVID-19 stress, and the independent variables were four types of social support: emotional, appraisal, instrumental, and informational. We discovered that young adult immigrants in rural areas perceived higher-level social supportin all aspects compared with those in urban areas. Furthermore, social support was not related to COVID-19 stress in urban areas, while appraisal support was positively and informational support was negatively related to COVID-19 stress in rural areas. Our findings suggest that a contextualized understanding of social support is critical to understanding COVID-related stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.98-105
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• 2021

Background: In recent events of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, computed tomography (CT) scans are being globally used as a complement to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. It will be important to be aware of major organ dose levels, which are more relevant quantity to derive potential long-term adverse effect, for Korean pediatric and adult patients undergoing CT for COVID-19. Materials and Methods: We calculated organ dose conversion coefficients for Korean pediatric and adult CT patients directly from Korean pediatric and adult computational phantoms combined with Monte Carlo radiation transport techniques. We then estimated major organ doses delivered to the Korean child and adult patients undergoing CT for COVID-19 combining the dose conversion coefficients and the international survey data. We also compared our Korean dose conversion coefficients with those from Caucasian reference pediatric and adult phantoms. Results and Discussion: Based on the dose conversion coefficients we established in this study and the international survey data of COVID-19-related CT scans, we found that Korean 7-year-old child and adult males may receive about 4-32 mGy and 3-21 mGy of lung dose, respectively. We learned that the lung dose conversion coefficient for the Korean child phantom was up to 1.5-fold greater than that for the Korean adult phantom. We also found no substantial difference in dose conversion coefficients between Korean and Caucasian phantoms. Conclusion: We estimated radiation dose delivered to the Korean child and adult phantoms undergoing COVID-19-related CT examinations. The dose conversion coefficients derived for different CT scan types can be also used universally for other dosimetry studies concerning Korean CT scans. We also confirmed that the Caucasian-based CT organ dose calculation tools may be used for the Korean population with reasonable accuracy.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.222-234
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the changes in the health-related behaviors of adult women in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2020) were analyzed. The participants were 4,848 women aged 19 to 64 years in 2019 and 2020. Data analysis using the complex sampling design was performed using SPSS 20.1. Results: Positive changes during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic in Korean adult women were found for improved subjective oral health perceptions (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; p<.001), increased moderate-intensity exercise in work and leisure activities (OR, 1.75; p<.001 and OR; 1.29, p=.004), and a decrease in secondhand smoke exposure at the workplace and in public places (OR, 0.64; p=.004 and OR, 0.60; p<.001). However, the following negative health behavior changes were found: decreased frequency of walking 5 days a week (OR, 0.81; p=.011) and an increase in unhealthy daytime sleep durations (OR, 1.40; p=006). Conclusion: Compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean adult women perceived their subjective dental health more positively during the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased their exposure to secondhand smoke at work and in public places, decreased walking, and increased sleep duration during the week. Since this study only compared data between 1 year before and after the start of the pandemic, it is necessary to investigate a longer period of time in the future. A future study should attempt to identify the factors related to changes in health behaviors caused by the pandemic.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.20-35
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• 2022

COVID-19 vaccines have been developed worldwide in order to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection-19, but some people tend to refuse to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Therefore, we will investigate how people's understanding of COVID-19 vaccines affects their attitude to accept COVID-19 vaccination information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the determinants that affect the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine through the informational characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine and the individual health belief theory. This study conducted an offline survey of 215 adult men and women living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province during the period from September 1 to September 10, 2022, and we have conducted a final analysis using a total of 212 questionnaires. The results of our study were as follows. First, among the information characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine, it was confirmed that the amount of information had a significant positive effect on susceptibility, severity, and barriers in health belief theory, respectively. Second, among the information characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine, it was found that the quality of information had a significant positive effect on the susceptibility in health belief theory. Third, susceptibility and barriers in the health belief theory significantly had a positive effect on voluntary attitude and involuntary attitude in acceptance attitude, respectively. And finally, it was found that the severity of the health belief theory had a positive effect on the involuntary attitude in acceptance attitude. The results of this study suggest that policy efforts are needed to make accurate information about COVID-19 vaccine known to the people.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2022

Recent case studies raised the possibility that cutaneous and oral mucosal manifestations may be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. A healthy 43-year-old male presented an acute aphthous stomatitis following Moderna COVID-19 vaccination. This rare case draws attention to a potential etiologic effect for oral mucosal manifestation from COVID-19 vaccination. Further investigation to shed light on prevalence and pathophysiologic association of this oral lesion and COVID-19 vaccination deserve attention.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.165-175
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify differences in health behavior, health-related quality of life, and depression between adult men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were obtained from 1,927 men and 2,314 women aged 19 to 64 who participated in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2020. Data were analyzed using complex sample x² test, complex sample general linear model, and complex sample logistic regression. Results: During the pandemic, men drank more alcohol (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.89~2.91) and smoked more (OR=7.89, 95% CI: 6.16~10.09) than women. In addition, men were 2.45 times more exposed to second-hand smoke at the workplace (95% CI: 1.78~3.37) and 1.4 times more exposed in public places (95% CI: 1.12~1.77). The rate of muscle exercise was higher among men than women (OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.76~2.49). No difference in health-related quality of life was observed between men and women (t=0.17, p=.78), but women had higher depression scores (t=-3.14, p=.002). Conclusion: Customized sex-specific interventions should be developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This kind of infectious disease disaster requires plans designed to reduce alcohol intake and smoking among men and interventions aimed at increasing muscle exercise among women. Strategies should also be formulated to reduce depression among women.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.82-84
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• 2023

There were growing reports of herpes zoster reactivation after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, including a more severe form, herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). A 35-year-old male presented HZO in his left V1 dermatome 10 days after his COVID-19 vaccine booster with Moderna (messenger RNA-1273). He had no history of chronic disease, immunocompromised, autoimmune, malignancy, or long-term immunosuppressive drug use. The rash improved without any further complications after being treated with oral valacyclovir for 7 days. This was a unique case of HZO after the COVID-19 vaccine in a booster setting in healthy younger adults. The association of herpes zoster after a COVID vaccine remained inconclusive and potentially coincidental, especially without the known risk factor. However, we would like to add a report to increase awareness among physicians and the general population, for early recognition and treatment with an antiviral.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.2_2
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• pp.293-306
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is a descriptive research study to analyze the factors that affect Christians' COVID-19 preventive behavior. The subjects of the study were 262 adult Christians, and the data collected were using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. As a result of the study, the subject's religious maturity level was 4.21 ± .55 points out of 5 points, COVID-19 stress was 2.86 ± .73 points out of 5 points, optimism bias was 2.94 ± 1.26 points out of 7 points, and COVID-19 preventive health behavior was 4 points. The total score was 3. 54 ± . 44 points. As a result of the correlation analysis of the subject's religious maturity, COVID-19 stress, optimistic bias, and COVID-19 preventive health behaviors, COVID-19 preventive health behaviors were faith maturity (r=.156, p=.012), COVID-19 stress (r=.216, There was a positive correlation with optimism bias (r=174, p=.005). In conclusion, it can be said that the higher the religious maturity, the higher the COVID-19 stress, and the higher the optimistic bias, the better the preventive health behavior of COVID-19, and the explanatory power of the overall model was 9.4%. In the post-COVID-19 era, it is necessary to develop educational programs that can prevent infectious diseases and promote health in the community.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.233-243
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the use of mobile phones due to COVID-19. The subjects of this study were those who lived in Jeju City and used their own mobile phone for more than 2 years, and were included in adult men and women aged 15 to 80 years old. The purpose of this study was explained and a questionnaire survey was conducted on 156 people who agreed. The survey period lasted from June 15 to July 4, 2020. As a result, the daily use time and function of the mobile phone, which were used more than before the occurrence of COVID-19, increased. This was a statistically significant trend (p<0.001) with increasing trend after COVID-19 in all age groups. In addition, in the mobile phone function, all age groups used more 'KakaoTalk' than 'call', but it was found that only the group with less than 1 hour of daily using time used the call function a lot.