• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2015

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been used to generate electrical or mechanical power from low-grade thermal energy. Usually, this thermal energy is not supplied continuously at the constant thermal energy level. In order to optimally utilize fluctuating thermal energy, an axial-type turbine was applied to the expander of ORC and two supersonic nozzle were used to control the mass flow rate. Experiment was conducted with various turbine inlet temperatures (TIT) with the partial admission rate of 16.7 %. The tip diameter of rotor was to be 80 mm. In the cycle analysis, the output power of ORC was predicted with considering the load dissipating the output power produced from the ORC as well as the turbine efficiency. The predicted results showed the same trend as the experimental results, and the experimental results showed that the system efficiency of 2 % was obtained at the TIT of $100^{\circ}C$.

• New & Renewable Energy
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.6-19
• /
• 2014

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been widely used to convert renewable energy such as solar energy, geothermal energy, or waste energy etc., to electric power. For a small scale output power less than 10 kW, turbo-expander is not widely used than positive displacement expander. However, the turbo-expander has merits that it can operate well at off-design points. Usually, the available thermal energy for a small scale ORC is not supplied continuously. So, the mass flowrate should be adjusted in the expander to maintain the cycle. In this study, nozzles was adopted as stator to control the mass flowrate, and radial-type turbine was used as expander. The turbine operated at partial admission. R245fa was adopted as working fluid, and supersonic nozzle was designed to get the supersonic flow at the nozzle exit. When the inlet operating condition of the working fluid was varied corresponding to the fluctuation of the available thermal energy, optimal operating condition was investigated at off-design due to the variation of mass flowrate.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.541-564
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to investigate health outcome of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients such as mortality and length of stay in hospital and to identify factors associated with the health outcome according to the comorbidity index. Nation-wide representative samples of 3,748 adult inpatients aged between 20-85 years with acute myocardial infarction were derived from the Korea National Hospital Discharge Injury Survey, 2005-2008. Comorbidity index was measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression, logistic regression analysis in order to investigate the effect of comorbidity on health outcome. According to the study results, the factors associated with length of hospital stay of acute myocardial infarction patients were gender, insurance type, residential area scale, admission route, PCI perform, CABG perform, and CCI. The factors associated with mortality of acute myocardial infarction patients were age, admission route, PCI perform, and CCI. CCI with a higher length of hospital stay and mortality also increased significantly. This study demonstrated comorbidity risk adjustment for health outcome and presented important data for health care policy. In the future study, more detailed and adequate comorbidity measurement tool should be developed, so patients' severity can be adjusted accurately.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.104-109
• /
• 2016

Objectives: A 74-year-old male patient with unresectable advanced gastric cancer (clinical initial stage T3N+, Borrmann type III) admitted due to gastric bleeding at tumor site. On first admission day, hemoglobin level was 5.7g/dl and performance status was grade 3 according to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status(ECOG-PS). After performing red blood cell transfusion as an emergency treatment, hemoglobin level was increased up to 9.5g/dl. However, bleeding of oozing site was continued. For hemostasis, decoction of notoginseng radix (30g/day) was administered since day 7 after admission. The dose was elevated to 40g/day after hemoglobin level was decreased to 6.5g/dl on day 11. Since then, melena was stopped and hemoglobin level was maintained over 9.1g/dl. This case shows the hemostasis effect of decoction of notoginseng radix on gastric bleeding in unresectable advanced gastric cancer.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2000.07a
• /
• pp.92-96
• /
• 2000

In this paper, we propose a call admission control(CAC) scheme fer the mixed voice/data DS-CDMA systems and analyze the Er-lang capacity under the proposed CAC scheme. Voice and data traffics require different system resources based oil their Quality of Service(QoS) requirements. In the proposed CAC scheme, some system resources are reserved exclusively for handoff calls to have high priority Over new calls. Additionally the queueing of both new and handoff data traffics that are not sensitive to delay is allowed. Ar a performance measure for the suggested CAC scheme. Erlang capacity is utilized. For the performance analysis, a four-dimensional Markov chain model is developed. Erlang capacity of a practical IS-95B type system depicts, and optimum values of system parameters such as the number of reservation channels and queue lengths are found with respect to Erlang capacity. Finally, it is observed that Erlang capacity is improved more than two times by properly selecting the system parameters with the proposed CAC scheme.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.393-396
• /
• 2001

Objectives: We were to assess the effectiveness of combined therapy of Oriental Medicine and Western Medicine on acute stroke. Methods: We selected acute middle cerebral artery territory infarction subjects, within 3 days after stroke onset, who had never have any type of stroke history before. The subjects, admitted to department of Oriental Medicine, received combination therapy of western medical treatment including thrombolytic, anticoagulant, or antiplatelet agents and oriental medical treatment including acupuncture and herbs medication. The other subjects, admitted to department of Neurology, received only modern western medical treatment. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was checked at admission, 1 week and 2 weeks later to assess neurologic improvement. The Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was checked 1 week and 2 weeks after admission to motor function recovery. Results: Comparing the NIHSS between baseline and 1 week later, the combination therapy group showed more improvement than the single-treated with anticoagulants group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups, comparing 1 week and 2 weeks later with the NIHSS and the MBI. Conclusions: Combination therapy have more beneficial effect on acute stage of stroke.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this case report is to describe the effect of Korean medicine therapy on patients with tension-type headaches. Methods: This study consisted of four patients with tension-type headaches. The patients were treated with Korean medicine therapies, such as herbal medicine (Gunoe-tang), acupuncture, and cupping, in addition to physical therapy. None of the patients took any analgesics during the admission period. To evaluate the effects of the treatment, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for headaches was used. Results: After the treatment, the patients' complaints decreased, as shown by the results of the NRS. Conclusion: Treatment with Korean medicine may ameliorate tension-type headaches.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.12-16
• /
• 2014

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem among paediatric populations. Most of the ingested foreign bodies spontaneously pass through the gastrointestinal tract, but approximately less then 10% of them remain without being discharged, and trigger complications. Therefore, proper evaluation and treatment according to the situation is required. In this study, clinical progress and complications were analyzed according to the clinical features and treatment in children who ingested foreign bodies. Among pediatric patients under 18 who were admitted to Chonnam National University Hospital after ingesting foreign bodies between January 2008 to June 2012, only the patients who had their foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract were included in this study. Based on medical records, age, type of foreign body, time spent till admission, and whether the endoscopy was done or not, complication were researched retrospectively. According to symptoms and plain abdomen X-ray findings, treatment was chosen and conducted among endoscopy, observation and emergency operation. Among 273 patients, 9 (3.3%) of them had surgical removal. Seven (2.6%) of them had an emergency operation on the day of admission, and the rest 2 (0.7%) had operation during observation. Removal through initial endoscopic approach was tried in 157 (57.5%) patients. Eleven (70.8%) of them had their foreign body removed at the initial trial, and 5 (4.9%) of them at the second trial. Among 109, who were on observation status, 9 (8.3%) of them needed endoscopic removal, and 2 (1.8%) of them suffered from surgical removal. It is thought to be better to approach slowly considering the type, size and symptoms in foreign body ingestion of pediatric patients, rather than immediate and invasive removal.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.441-452
• /
• 2022

Congenital diarrheal disorders (CDDs) with genetic etiology are uncommon hereditary intestinal diseases characterized by chronic, life-threatening, intractable watery diarrhea that starts in infancy. CDDs can be mechanistically divided into osmotic and secretory diarrhea. Congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE), also known as intestinal epithelial dysplasia, is a type of secretory CDD. CTE is a rare autosomal recessive enteropathy that presents with intractable neonatal-onset diarrhea, intestinal failure, severe malnutrition, and parenteral nutrition dependence. Villous atrophy of the intestinal epithelium, crypt hyperplasia, and irregularity of surface enterocytes are the specific pathological findings of CTE. The small intestine and occasionally the colonic mucosa include focal epithelial tufts. In 2008, Sivagnanam et al. discovered that mutations in the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, MIM# 185535) were the genetic cause of CTE (MIM# 613217). More than a hundred mutations have been reported to date. Furthermore, mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor Kunitz type 2 (SPINT2, MIM# 605124) have been linked to syndromic CTE. In this study, we report the case of a 17-month-old male infant with congenital diarrhea. Despite extensive etiological workup, no etiology could be established before admission to our center. The patient died 15 hours after being admitted to our center in a metabolically decompensated state, probably due to a delay in admission and diagnosis. Molecular autopsy with exome sequencing revealed a previously reported homozygous missense variant, c.757G>A, in EpCAM, which was confirmed by histopathological examination.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.127-138
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the general distribution and the efficacy of oriental medical treatment for Lumbar Disc Herniation. Subjects and Methods : The 137 patients who had a diagnosis of HIVD by Lumbar-CT of Lumbar-MRI and admitted to Dunsan oriental medical hospital in Daejon university from January 2005 to December 2007 were observed. They were analyzed according to the distribution of sex, age, the period of disease, causing factor, The patient-condition on admission, the symptom on admission, Admission day, Herniation type of the disc and the treatment efficacy was evaluated respectively. Results : 1. Male was more than female in the ratio of 1 : 1.174, and forties 28% the most, the acutest phase 48% the most, reason unknown 30% the most, Grade III 42% the most, Back and Leg radiate pain 65% the most, the day of 6-10 29% the most, protruded disc type 48% the most. 2. In the total treatment result, the good was 48%, the excellent 28%, the fair 15%, the poor 9% in order. 3. the "effective rate"(the percentage of positive effective treatment case) of each distribution, the thirties and fifties 100% the most, subacute phase 100% the most, exercise, traffic accident 100% the most respectively, Grade III 93% the most, only low back pain 97% the most, the day of 16-20 100% the most, Extruded disc 100% the most. Conclusions : Total effective rate was 91%. We have Known the efficacy of oriental medical treatment for HIVD, was good and early treatment was better than late treatment.