The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery (한국유체기계학회 논문집)

Korean Society for Fluid machinery (한국유체기계학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Cycle Analysis and Experiment for a Small-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle Using a Partially Admitted Axial Turbine

부분분사 축류형 터빈을 이용한 소규모 유기랭킨 사이클의 실험 및 예측에 관한 연구

  • 조수용 (경상대학교 항공기부품기술연구센터) ;
  • 조종현 (선테크(주) 기술연구소)
  • Received : 2015.05.26
  • Accepted : 2015.09.03
  • Published : 2015.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been used to generate electrical or mechanical power from low-grade thermal energy. Usually, this thermal energy is not supplied continuously at the constant thermal energy level. In order to optimally utilize fluctuating thermal energy, an axial-type turbine was applied to the expander of ORC and two supersonic nozzle were used to control the mass flow rate. Experiment was conducted with various turbine inlet temperatures (TIT) with the partial admission rate of 16.7 %. The tip diameter of rotor was to be 80 mm. In the cycle analysis, the output power of ORC was predicted with considering the load dissipating the output power produced from the ORC as well as the turbine efficiency. The predicted results showed the same trend as the experimental results, and the experimental results showed that the system efficiency of 2 % was obtained at the TIT of $100^{\circ}C$.

Keywords

References

  1. Maizza, V. and Maizza, A., 1996, "Working Fluids in Non-Steady Flows for Waste Energy Recovery Systems," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 7, pp. 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-4311(95)00044-5
  2. Hung, T. C., Shai, T. Y. and Wang, S. K., 1997, "A Review of Organic Rankine Cycles for the Recovery of Low-Grade Waste Heat," Energy, Vol. 22, No. 7 pp. 661-667. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-5442(96)00165-X
  3. Liu, B. T., Chie, K. H. and Wang, C. H., 2004, "Effect of Working Fluids on Organic Rankine Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery," Energy, Vol. 29, pp. 1207-1217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.01.004
  4. Tchanche, B. F., Papadakis, G., Lambrinos, G. and Frangoudakis, A., 2009, "Fluid Selection for a Low-Temperature Solar Organic Rankine Cycle," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 29, pp. 2468-2476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.12.025
  5. Hung, T. C., Wang, S. K., Kuo, C. H., Pei, B. S. and Tsai, K. F., 2010, "A Study of Organic Working Fluids on System Efficiency of an ORC Using Low-Grade Energy Sources," Energy, Vol. 35, pp. 1403-1411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.11.025
  6. Chen, H., Goswami, D. Y. and Stefanakos, E. K., 2010, "A Review of Thermodynamic Cycles and Working Fluids for the Conversion of Low-Grade Heat," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 14, pp. 3059-3067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.006
  7. Velez, F., Segovia, J. J., Martin, M. C., Antolin, G., Chejne, F. and Quijano, A., 2012, "A Technical, Economical and Market Review of Organic Rankine Cycles for the Conversion of Low-Grade Heat for Power Generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, pp. 4175-4189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.022
  8. Bao, J. and Zhao, L., 2013, "A Review of Working Fluid and Expander Selections for Organic Rankine Cycle," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 24, pp. 325-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.040
  9. Hettiarachchi, H. D. M., Golubovic, M., Worek, W. M. and Ikegami, Y., 2007, "Optimum Design Criteria for an Organic Rankine Cycle Using Low-Temperature Geothermal Heat Sources," Energy, Vol. 32, pp. 1698-1706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2007.01.005
  10. Qiu, G., Shao, Y., Li, J., Liu, H. and Riffat, S., 2012, "Experimental Investigation of a Biomass-Fired ORC-Based Micro-CHP for Domestic Applications," Fuel, Vol.96, pp. 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.01.028
  11. Navarro-Esbri, J., Peris, B., Collado, R. and Moles, F., 2013, "Micro-Generation and Micro Combined Heat and Power Generation Using 'Free' Low Temperature Heat Sources Through Organic Rankine Cycles," ICREPQ'13, Bilbao, Spain.
  12. Twomey, B., Jacobs, P. A. and Gurgenci, H., 2013, "Dynamic Performance Estimation of Small-Scale Solar Cogeneration with an Organic Rankine Cycle Using a Scroll Expander," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 51, pp. 1307-1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.06.054
  13. Quoilin, S., Lemort, V. and Lebrun, J., 2010, "Experimental Study and Modeling of an Organic Rankine Cycle Using Scroll Expander," Applied Energy, Vol. 87, pp. 1260-1268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.06.026
  14. Wang, W., Wu, Y., Ma, C., Liu, L. and Yu, J., 2011, "Preliminary Experimental Study of Single Screw Expander Prototype," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 31, pp. 3684-3688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.01.019
  15. Zhang, B., Peng, X., He, Z., Xing, Z. and Shu, P., 2007, "Development of a Double Acting Free Piston Expander for Power Recovery in Transcritical $CO_2$ Cycle," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 27, pp. 1629-1636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.05.034
  16. Qiu, G., Liu, H. and Riffat, S., 2011, "Expanders for Micro-CHP Systems with Organic Rankine Cycle," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 31, pp. 3301-3307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.06.008
  17. Yamamoto, T., Furuhata, T., Arai, N. and Mori, K., 2001, "Design and Testing of the Organic Rankine Cycle," Energy, Vol. 26, pp. 239-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-5442(00)00063-3
  18. NIST, 2010, "Reference Fluid Thermodynamics and Transport Properties," Refprop version 9.0.
  19. Zucrow, M. J. and Hoffman, J. D. 1976, Gas Dynamics, Vol. 1, 2, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  20. Hodge, B. K. and Koenig, K., 1995. "Compressible Fluid Dynamics," Prentice hall.
  21. Elliott, D. G. and Weinberg, E., 1968, "Acceleration of Liquids in Two-Phase Nozzles," Jet 666 Propulsion Laboratory, Technical Report 32-987.
  22. Elliott, D. G., 1982, "Theory and Tests of Two-Phase Turbines," Jet Propulsion 668 Laboratory, DOE/ER-10614-1, JPL Pub B1-105.
  23. Granville, P. S., 1959, "The Determination of the Local Skin Friction and the Thickness of Turbulent Boundary Layers from the Velocity Similarity Laws," David W. Taylor Model Basin Rept., 1340.
  24. Goldman, L. J. and Scullin, V. J., 1968, "Analytical Investigation of Supersonic Turbomachinery Blading I-Computer Program for Blading Design," NASA TN D-4421, II-Analysis of Impulse Turbine-Blade Sections, NASA TN D-4422.
  25. Fang, X., Xua, Y. and Zhou, Z., 2011, "New Correlations of Single-Phase Friction Factor for Turbulent Pipe Flow and Evaluation of Existing Single-Phase Friction Factor Correlations," Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 241, No. 3, pp. 897-902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.12.019
  26. Cho, S. Y., Cho, C. H. and Kim, C. 2008, "Effect of Solidities and Nozzle Flow Angles on a Partially Admitted Small Axial-Type Turbine," Int. J. of Turbo and Jet Engines, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 111-120.
  27. Yahya, S. M. 1969, "Some Tests on Partial Admission Turbine Cascades," Int. J. Mech. Sci. 11, pp. 853-866. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7403(69)90037-X
  28. Balje, O. E. and Binsley, R. L. 1968, "Axial Turbine Performance Evaluation Part A-Loss Geometry Relationships," J. of Eng. for Power, Vol. 90, pp. 341-348.
  29. Yahya, S. M. 1970, "Partial Admission Turbines and Their Problems," Bull. Mech. Engineering Education, Vol. 9, pp. 263-273.
  30. Cho, S. Y., Cho, C. H. and Kim, C., 2006, "Performance Prediction on a Partially Admitted Small Axial-Type Turbine," JSME int. J. Series B, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 1290-1297. https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmeb.49.1290
  31. Balje, O. E., 1981, Turbomachines; a Guide to Design, Selection and Theory, John Wiley & Sons, NY.

Cited by

  1. 2015년 가스·스팀터빈 분야 연구동향 vol.19, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5293/kfma.2016.19.2.063