• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2009

Environmental Literacy is needed to establish a sustainable society and can be very well developed through Outdoor Environmental Education(OEE). However, establishing OEE in Korea is a very difficult. Thus, it is very important to find out which factors influence the sustainability of OEE. The purpose of this study is to identify those factors. Participatory observation research and some interviews were used in "The Whale Class" of the University of Georgia in the United States. Major findings and recommendations were as follows: (1) OEEs give participants good experiences about the environment; (2) Program operators of OEEs are enthusiastic about education and environmental conservation; (3) Good educational practices such as cooperative education and participation in conversation foster learning; (4) Good organizations with guest lectures from various environmental fields would be beneficial; (5) Public information about environmental programs would be helpful; (6) Administrative support for those organizations connected to environmental programs would be useful; and (7) OEE provide reflection activities to foster Environmental Literacy.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2005

Information system audit of Korea is different from that of the United States of America, Japan and so on. Information system audit improves the quality of information system. Information system audit of Korea carried out administrative branches. Recently Public sides required ordinary audit frequently. The reason is that the risk of information system project has increased. Examined closely relation between audit quality and audit style such as ordinary audit, fixed period audit, residence audit, and responsibility audit. And, wished to examine closely relation between audit quality and customer satisfaction. As research result, being effect factor that audit style keeps in mind in audit quality, also, audit quality in audit satisfaction, and was proved that exert effect that ordinary audit, report to the responsibility audit or sense of responsibility state keeps in mind in audit satisfaction.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제65권1호
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2022

Background: An adequate large-scale pediatric cohort based on nationwide administrative data is lacking in Korea. Purpose: This study aimed to differentiate patients with VVS by autonomic dysfunction severity using the composite autonomic severity score (CASS) and compare the clinical manifestations and prognosis between patient subgroups. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 66 VVS patients divided into 3 groups by CASS. To compare the differences between these groups, we analyzed VVS type, triggers, prodromal symptoms, management of syncope, and prognosis between patients with mild versus moderate autonomic dysfunction. Results: Of our 66 patients with VVS, 41 had mild autonomic dysfunction (62.1%) and 25 had moderate autonomic dysfunction (37.9%). We found no significant intergroup differences in age, sex, inducible factor (P=0.172), prodromal symptoms, laboratory findings, head-up tilt test, type of syncope, or prognosis (P=0.154). Conclusion: We found no evidence that autonomic dysfunction degree is affected by VVS characteristics, test findings, parameters, or prognosis; therefore, no further evaluations are needed to classify autonomic dysfunction severity.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권7호
• /
• pp.387-405
• /
• 2011

지방자치단체는 중앙정부의 하위 조직이 아니라 독립된 하나의 경제 사회 행정적 단위로서 기능을 수행한다. 자치단체장의 역할과 소신은 매우 중요하며, 최근 들어 공약 선거의 중요성에 대한 국민적 이해와 관심이 높아지고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 도시계획의 주요한 변수로서 작용할 것으로 판단되는 선거공약에 대하여 연구하였다. 특히 선거공약이 도시공간구조 및 지역경제구조에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 선거공약과 용도지역 면적변화 관계를 분석한 결과 개발관련 전체 용도지역 면적변화는 선거공약과 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이를 용도지역별로 세분화해본 결과 선거공약과 도시공간구조 중 용도지역 변화와의 관계는 주거지역을 중심으로 비교적 높은 관계가 형성됨을 알 수 있다. 또한 인구요인과 선거공약간의 관계가 높게 나타남을 알 수 있다. 이를 통해 선거공약과 도시공간구조 변화와는 관계가 있는 것으로 판단할 수 있으며, 특히 주거와 관련된 부문들의 변화가 높은 상관관계를 보일 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 그 결과 지역경제개발관련 공약이 많은 지역에서는 일반복지행정 부문의 공약이 적게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉 지역경제개발지향형 공약제시지역과 일반 복지 행정지향형 공약제시지역으로 구분이 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 이러한 공약의 실현을 통해 도시공간구조 변화에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.153-174
• /
• 1995

This study was conducted to examine the determinant factors for expenditure of the medical insurance program for self-employeds based on the analysis of 1991 'The Medical Insurance Program for Self-Employeds Statistical Yearbook', and also similar yearbooks in the metropolitan and other provinces. The major findings are as follows : We have divided benefits into these four components such as the utilization rate for out-patients, expenses per claim for out-patients as paid by the insurer, utilization rate for in-patients, and the expenses per claim for in-patients as paid by the insurer, in order to examine the determinant factors for it. The results of the study revealed the following findings, in urban areas, the supply of medical care had more influence on the benefits than other demographic and economic variables, while, in county areas, both the supply of medical care and the rate of those aged over 65 affected the provision of benefits. The determinant factors for financial balance of the medical insurance program for self-employeds are, first, the determinant factor for administrative expenses was the number of households. The more the number of households, the less the administrative expenses per the insured. This shows that the economy of scale is being. And so, the administrative district must be taken into consideration in the incorporation of small regional medical societies and should be re-organized for more efficient management. Second, in urban areas, the supply of medical care had more influence on utilization rate and expenses per claim as paid by insurer, and therefore it is necessary to control it. In county areas, the supply of medical care and the rate of those aged over 65 raised the utilization rate and expenses per claim as paid by insurer. For the financial stability of county areas, a common fund for medical care for the aged and expansion of finance stabilization fund would be necessary. But, in county areas, it would be unnecessary to control the supply of medical care because it was much more insufficient than in urban areas. The vitalization of public health facilities must be carried out in county areas, for they reduced benefits. Sice the more insured in a single household, the less the utilization of the medical insurance program, benefits for habilitation at home should be given consideration. The law of majority and the economy of scale were applied here, and therefore the incorporation of regional medical societies must be taken into consideration. In integrating regional medical societies, it would be absolutely necessary to review the structural differences among all regional medical societies, the medical demand of each region, and also the local characteristics of each region.

• 지적과 국토정보
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 도로의 실시간 교통정보를 이용하여 법정허용속도로 이동하는 시간과 실제속도로 이동하는 시간의 비율인 지연계수를 산정하였다. 연구의 대상지는 우리나라의 수도인 서울을 대상으로 하였다. 도로망의 실제 이용 속도는 대부분 최대속도보다 낮은 속도로 이용되는 것으로 조사되었으며, 이용 속도가 가장 낮은 시간은 출퇴근 시간대로 조사되었다. 조사된 출퇴근 시간대의 이용속도를 기반으로 접근성 분석을 수행한 결과 평균 37.94분이 소요되는 것으로 분석되었으며, 법정허용 속도에서는 15.70분으로 분석되어 약 2.4배 가량 과소평가되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 법정허용속도에 의한 접근성과 실제 이용속도 접근성 비율을 지연계수라 정의하고 분석을 수행한 결과 서울시의 지연계수는 2.44로 분석되었다. 행정구역별로 지연계수를 분석한 결과 한강을 중심으로 북쪽이 높고 남쪽이 상대적으로 낮은 지연계수를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 이를 도로밀도에 따른 통행량으로 비교한 결과 도로밀도에 따른 통행량이 증가할수록 지연계수가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 통행량이 많다고 하여 반드시 이동시간이 증가하지 않는 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 이동시간의 증가를 유발하는 인자를 파악하기 위해서 향후에는 도로체계의 형상, 도로 폭, 신호체계 등 고도화된 정보를 기반으로 파악해야 할 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.62-82
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study is to assess the cause and level of conflict arising within and between departments among administration office workers who work in a recently established tertiary hospitals of a major cooperation or related non-profit cooperation: The study also aimed to find methods for resolution of such conflicts by comparing with other existing university hospitals. The subject population included 299 business administration office workers randomly selected from two cooperate related tertiary hospitals of less than 3 years in its existence and two university hospitals over 700 beds in Seoul and Kyong In area. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. To define related factors for the level of conflict among departments in each hospitals multivariate regression analysis was conducted. Independent factors were characteristics of subjects, conflicting factors within and between the departments. The results are as follows: 1. Those in the 30-39 rears of age group demonstrated significantly higher level of conflict between departments. Those working in the new hospitals, who were older and had long-term tenure, and those with short-term job experience at current working hospital had higher level of conflict between the departments with statistical significance. 2. Concerning the involvement of conflicting factors and the level of conflict in the administration there was statistically significant positive correlation between reliability and job-related intra- and interdepartmental level of conflict in existing hospitals. There was a significant positive correlation between intradepartmental conflicting factors of mutual dependence, difference in goal/orientation and intra- and interdepartmental level of conflict. 3. In multivariate regression analysis, women more than men, and those who had worked for many years in hospitals had statistically significant influence on factors involved in interdepartmental level of conflict, explaining 51.0% of the model. 4. In existing hospitals, gender was a significant factor with women showing a higher level of interdepartmental conflict compared to men. Among the interdepartmental factors, mutual dependence had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the new hospitals, job position was a significant factor which showed that those in high position such as section chief or above, compared to those in managerial or general position had higher level of conflict. Among the interdepartmental characteristics, factors of mutual dependence and goal/orientation had statistically significant influence and showed a positive relationship with interdepartmental level of conflict. In the new hospital setting efforts to reduce conflict in areas among workers with high position, old age, and long tenure and those in Purchasing, Material and Computer Department should be made and prudent management and planning for improved manpower and increased budget or efficient allocation and clear definition of job description are necessary to adequately assess and make improved efforts for rapid stabilization of the premature hospital system from its inception, In the existing hospitals a lack of conflict within and between departments may give rise to stagnation or inefficiency of the organization. Future study are needed with respect to the relationship between interdepartmental level of conflict and the effectiveness of the hospital organization for improved resolution of conflict in the organization and hospital management.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.94-106
• /
• 2022

Background: The efforts to build more "people centered," "patient centered" health system has been emerging all over the world. Aligning with it, the Korean government is conducing the survey called "Medical Service Experience Survey (MSES)." There are critics, however, that MSES is not scrutinizing the medical experiences of patients in various healthcare settings. For this reason, this study aims to perform an empirical analysis of the differences in answers of patients responding to various healthcare settings. Methods: There are two steps in this study. First, explanatory analysis is conducted to compare the tendency of statistical concentration on questionnaires by divided healthcare settings. Second, confirmative analysis is carried out to evaluate the construct validity, reliability, and discriminant validity of the questionnaire in each healthcare setting. The raw data of MSES, which was conducted in 2020 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea and the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs is used. Results: As a result of exploratory factor analysis for all outpatients, the items were classified into four factors statistically: "doctor experience," "nurse experience," "outpatient service experience," and "patient satisfaction." It was confirmed that the reliability of all factors extracted was secured. However, for patients who visited hospitals, questionnaires related to personal privacy, such as "experiences on medical staffs considering physical exposure" or "experiences related to personal information exposure," were answered in conjunction with items of "nurse experience." Besides, patients responded that administrative elements of medical services, such as "experiences of comfort in medical institutions" and "experiences of satisfactory administrative services," were related to the items of "nurse experience." The answers of patients who visited traditional medical hospitals and clinics about "doctor experience" and "nurse experience" were not discerned statistically, and the answers to "doctor experience," "nurse experience," and "medical institution experience" were entangled with the responses of patients who visited dental hospitals and clinics. On the other hand, as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that the inquiries of MSES generally had intensive validity. Conclusion: The collection of objective and scientific data is the prominent component to enlighten the patient-centered healthcare system alongside with change of the worldwide paradigm of measuring the healthcare system performance as follows the transition of perspective of health care from provider-centered to patient-centered. This study empirically shows that the patient experience can vary as the healthcare settings. Furthermore, to make an advance in measuring the experience of patients with medical services, this article proposes the deliberate consideration of the different kinds of healthcare settings and articulate design of the survey.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2023

Purposes: Evaluate the level of mental health of administrative workers in medical institutions during the COVID-19 epidemic, and check the relationship. Methodology: It targeted 183 administrative workers at medical institutions located in Jeollabuk-do. The data survey method used a self-filled questionnaire, and the data collection period was 30 days from November 16, 2021 to December 16, 2021. A comparative analysis was conducted to find out the correlation between the subjects' biological factors, environmental factors, lifestyle factors, job related factors and depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and job stress. Findings: As an influencing factor of depression, it was found that the longer the working period, the higher the depression, and the higher the position, job satisfaction, and the total amount of smoking, the lower the depression. Due to the effect on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, the higher the total amount of smoking, the higher the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder after effects, and the higher the organizational commitment and job satisfaction, the lower the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder aftereffects. It was found that organizational commitment had the highest influence on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. As an influencing factor on job stress, it was found that the higher the job related factors was job satisfaction and organizational commitment, the lower the job stress. Practical Implications: Variables such as moderate physical activity, alcohol consumption, total smoking, working period, position, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment were identified as factors influencing depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and job stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.409-420
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 대구시 중소기업을 중심으로, 아파트형 공장의 입지요인 및 정책요인이 입주의사에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째로, 설문조사 분석결과를 보면, 응답기업의 58.2%가 아파트형 공장에 입주할 의사가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘재로, 입지요인에 대한 요인분석 결과, 네트워크, 입주비용, 접근성, 입주공간, 노동력 등 총 5개의 요인이, 정책요인에 대한 요인분석 결과, 경영지원정책, 금전지원정책, 행정지원정책 등 총 3개의 요인이 추출되었다. 셋째로, 로짓 희귀분석 결과, 입지요인이 입주의사에 미치는 효과에서 대구지역 아파트형 공장의 잠재수요자인 응답기업들의 아파트형 공장 입주의사에 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 미치는 입지요인은 없으나, 입주비용 요인은 입주의사에 약하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 정책요인이 입주의사에 미치는 효과분석 결과, 세제지원, 금융지원, 임대료 지원과 같은 금전지원 정책이 대구지역 아파트형 공장의 잠재수요자인 응답기업들의 입주의사에 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난다.