• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.959-959
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• 2020

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.229-235
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• 2020

Investors aim to maximize the return rate for their own investment, utilizing various information as possible as they can access. However those investors, especially individual investors, have limitations of interpretation of the domain-specific information or even the acquisition of the information itself. Thus, individual investors tend to make decision affectively and frequently, which may cause a loss in returns. This study aims to analyze analysts' target price and to suggest the strategy that could maximize individual's return rate. Most previous literature revealed that the optimistic bias exists in the analysts' target price and it is also confirmed in this study. In this context, this study suggests the upper limit of target rate of returns and the optimal value named 'alpha(α)' which performs the adjustment of proposed target rate to maximize excess earning returns eventually. To achieve this goal, this study developed an optimization problem using linear programming. Specifically, when the analysts' proposed target rate exceeds 30%, it could be adjusted to the extent of 59% of its own target rate. As apply this strategy, the investors could achieve 1.2% of excess earning rate on average. The result of this study has significance in that the individual investors could utilize analysts' target price practically.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1976

Marked augmentation of urinary aldosterone excretion following furosemide administration was observed in previous experiment. In this study, author measured the changes of aldosterone secretion after furosemide administration in normotensive young volunteers with high sodium intake. After intravenous injection of $1.2-^3H-aldosterone$, urine samples were collected in course of time until 24 hours after the injection. Furosemide administration was done at 30 minutes prior to aldosterone injection. Specific activities of $^3H-aldosterone$ during and after diuresis were measured and aldosterone secretion rates were calculated dividing the doses by specific activities. Results were as followed 1. Furosemide resulted in a marked increase in urinary aldosterone excretion. 2. Furosemide lead to an increase in both sodium and potassium excretion. 3. Aldosterone secretion rate was also increased during furosemide diuresis, but the rate was smaller than that of urinary excretion. 4. Continuous modest increase in aldosterone secretion rate was shown after diuresis and total excess amount of aldosterone secretion for 24 hrs was equivalent to the amount of aldosterone excretion produced by diruesis. 5. Abrupt marked loss of circulating aldosterone produced by diuresis was supplemented by long lasting increase in secretion for over twenty four hours.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.39-50
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• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CMM oral administration and herbal acupuncture at BL13 LU4 on Asthma induced by ovalbumin in rats Methods : Several experimental items were measured and compared each other ; that is body weight change, oxygen consumption rate, Albumin change, white blood corpuscle change, Erythrocyte change, IgE change. Results : 1. Body weight was significantly increased in herbal acupuncture group after its administration while there was no such a response in oral administration group. 2. Oxygen Consumption rate was significantly increased in oral administration group and herbal acupuncture group. 3. Albumin in serum was significantly increased in oral administration group after its administration while there was no such a response in herbal acupuncture group. 4. White blood corpuscle in blood was significantly increased in oral administration group after its administration while there was no such a response in herbal acupuncture group. 5. Erythrocyte in blood was significantly increased in oral administration group after its administration while there was no such a response in herbal acupuncture group. 6. IgE in blood was decreased in oral administration group and herbal acupuncture group but there was no significance in oral administration group and herbal acupuncture group. Conclusion : Based on the above results it is assumed that CMM oral administration and CMM herbal acupuncture can help the treatment of Asthma induced by ovalbumin in rats.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 2005

Infection rate of Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) in 64 commercial chrysanthemum cultivars cultivated in Korea ranged from 9.7 to 66.8$\%$. Symptoms on leaves of CSVd-infected chrysanthemum included yellow spots, chlorosis, vein clearing, vein bending and crumpling. CSVd induced flower malformation in 'Scot', color change in 'Sharotte', and color breaking in 'Sharon'. CSVd caused reduction of plant height, leaf size, flower size and the flowers number by $32-50\%,\;26-35\%$, $14-36\%\;and\;14-75\%$, respectively. In conclusion, CSVd affected plant height, leaf size and flower quality in chrysanthemum plants.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2021

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether intralipid administration improved the outcomes of in vitro fertilization. Online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Embase) were searched until March 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the role of intralipid administration during in vitro fertilization were considered. We analyzed the rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the rates of chemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and missed abortion. We reviewed and assessed the eligibility of 180 studies. Five RCTs including 840 patients (3 RCTs: women with repeated implantation failure, 1 RCT: women with recurrent spontaneous abortion, 1 RCT: women who had experienced implantation failure more than once) met the selection criteria. When compared with the control group, intralipid administration significantly improved the clinical pregnancy rate (risk ratio [RR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-1.79), ongoing pregnancy rate (RR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31-2.53), and live birth rate (RR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.44-2.38). However, intralipid administration had no beneficial effect on the miscarriage rate (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.48-1.17). A funnel plot analysis revealed no publication bias. Our findings suggest that intralipid administration may benefit women undergoing in vitro fertilization, especially those who have experienced repeated implantation failure or recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, larger, well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2021

Objectives : In clinical practice, there are many cases of co-administration of herbal medicine and synthetic drugs. This study tried to identify whether the combined administration of herbal medicine and synthetic drugs including amoxicillin increases Helcicobacter pylori eradication rate compared to the single administration of synthetic drugs or the combined administration of synthetic drugs and placebo herbal medicine through systematic review. Methods : Relevant randomized controlled trials were searched in PubMED database. The risk of biases was assessed through the Cochrane Risk of Bias criteria. Three reviewers were extracted the characteristics and outcomes of each study. Meta-analysis of eradication rate and adverse event was conducted. Results : Four RCTs were selected. In meta-analysis, the combination of herbal medicine and synthetic drugs showed eradication effect, but it was not statistically significant (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17 to 1.24; p=0.13; I²=56%) than administration of synthetic medicine alone. Combination of herbal medicine and synthetic medicine did not increased the incidence of adverse event(OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.59; p=0.68, I²=0%) compared to single administration of synthetic medicine. Conclusion : Although no significant difference was observed between the two groups in the eradication rate and the incidence rate of adverse events, it was difficult to draw a clear conclusion due to the heterogeneity between studies and the low quality of reporting. A number of studies that have overcome these limitations in the future will lead to definite conclusions.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.296-302
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine appropriate threshing and selection conditions for sorghum harvesting using a rice combine-harvester. Methods: Sorghum harvesting performance was tested using an actual rice combine. Through this test, the grain loss rate and the composition of crops according to the engine and fan speeds of the combine were investigated. Furthermore, the optimal threshing and selection conditions were determined by carrying out a harvest test based on the opening size factor of the concave in a test field. Results: The grain loss rate for the sorghum using a concave ($18{\times}18mm$) of the rice combine was the lowest at 0.1% at a chaffer angle of $40^{\circ}$, engine speed of 2000 rpm, and fan speed of 20 m/s, but the sorting sieve clogged frequently. Furthermore, as the engine speed and fan speed increased, the grain loss rate also increased. The sorghum harvesting test results of the combine according to the concave opening size showed that the grain loss rate was 0.5% at a driving speed of 0.5 m/s, with a concave opening diameter of 13 mm, a chaffer angle of $40^{\circ}$, a concave sieve oscillation frequency of 4.8 Hz, a fan speed of 20 m/s, and an engine speed of 2000 rpm. Conclusions: Findings showed that sorghum could be harvested using a head feeding rice combine.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2020

Background: Based on the importance of ceasing smoking programs to control the regional disparity of smoking behavior in Korea, this study aims to reveal the variation of smoke rate and determinants of it for 229 provinces. An evaluation of the relative efficiency of the cease smoking program under the consideration of regional characteristics was followed. Methods: The main sources of data are the Korean Statistical Information Service and a national survey on the expenditure of public health centers. Multivariate regression is performed to figure the determinants of regional variation of smoking rate. Based on the result of the regression model, clustering analysis was conducted to group 229 regions by their characteristics. Three clusters were generated. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA), relative efficiency scores are calculated. Results from the pooled model which put 229 provinces in one model to score relative efficiency were compared with the cluster-separated model of each cluster. Results: First, the maximum variation of the smoking rate was 16.9%p. Second, sex ration, the proportion of the elder, and high risk drinking alcohol behavior have a significant role in the regional variation of smoking. Third, the population and proportion of the elder are the main variables for clustering. Fourth, dissimilarity on the results of relative efficiency was found between the pooled model and cluster-separated model, especially for cluster 2. Conclusion: This study figured regional variation of smoking rate and its determinants on the regional level. Unconformity of the DEA results between different models implies the issues on regional features when the regional evaluation performed especially on the programs of public health centers.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.82-90
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• 2021

In the present study, we examined if deep uterine artificial insemination (DUAI) can improve the pregnancy rate of artificial insemination (AI) using epididymal spermatozoa (ES) in Hanwoo cattle. The estrus cycles of 88 Hanwoo cows were synchronized, and 17 cows were artificially inseminated using the DUAI method with ES, 20 cows were artificially inseminated via the uterine body (BUAI) method with ES, and as a control, 51 cows were inseminated by using the BUAI method with ejaculated spermatozoa from 1 proven bull after frozen thawing. The pregnancy rate of the DUAI method (58.8%) was higher than that of the BUAI method (25.0%, p = 0.0498). The motility of ES was examined immediately after thawing and after 3 and 6 h of incubation. The rapid progressive sperm motility of the control group was significantly higher than that of the ES group immediately after thawing and after 3 and 6 h of incubation (p < 0.05). The straight line velocity and average path velocity of the ES group after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The linearity and amplitude of lateral head of ES were lower than those at 6 h (p < 0.05). The flagellar beat cross frequency and hyperactivation of ES were lower than the control spermatozoa immediately after thawing and at 3 h (p < 0.05). These motility parameters suggested that ES had a low motility and fertilization ability compared to the control spermatozoa. After frozen-thawing and 3 h of incubation, the percentage of live spermatozoa with intact acrosomes in the ES was significantly lower than that in ejaculated spermatozoa (p < 0.05). Our findings suggested that the DUAI method can overcome the low pregnancy rate of ES, despite the low motility, viability, and fertilization ability of ES.